导出Excel单元格三级联动

传入的参数：

List<String> mapOneList = new ArrayList<String>();
  mapOneList.add("省");//一级
  map.put("省", Arrays.asList("市"));//一级二级关系
  map.put("市", "北京市");//二级三级关系

List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
ExcelTemplateUtil.export(writer.getWorkbook(), (HSSFSheet) writer.getSheet(), mapOneList, map, list);

工具类：

  /**
     * 导出三级联动and单个下拉框的excel
     *
     * @param mapOneList 一级所有内容
     * @param map        三级联动对应内容
     * @param list       导出数据
     */
    public static void export(Workbook workbook, HSSFSheet targetSheet, List<String> mapOneList, Map<String, List<String>> map, List list) {


        // 2.创建Excel
        // 1)创建workbook
        HSSFWorkbook hssfWorkBook = (HSSFWorkbook) workbook;
        // 2)创建sheet
        HSSFSheet mainSheet = targetSheet;// 主sheet
        //导出数据到主sheet
        setMainSheet(mainSheet, list);

        //三级联动 sheet
        HSSFSheet mapSheet = hssfWorkBook.createSheet("SHEET_MAP");

        // true:隐藏/false:显示
        //省市区关系sheet
        hssfWorkBook.setSheetHidden(hssfWorkBook.getSheetIndex(mapSheet), false);// 设置sheet是否隐藏


        // 3.写入数据
        writeData(hssfWorkBook, mapSheet, mapOneList, map);// 将数据写入隐藏的sheet中并做好关联关系

        // 4.设置数据有效性
        setDataValid(hssfWorkBook, mainSheet, mapOneList, map);
        FileOutputStream os = null;
    }

    private static void setMainSheet(HSSFSheet mainSheet, List list) {
        for (int j = 0; j < list.size(); j++) {
            //行
            Row row = mainSheet.createRow(j + 1);
            Object obj = list.get(j);
            if (obj != null) {
                Field[] fields = obj.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
                try {
                    for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
                        if (i == 0) {
                            //excel 第一列 为序号
                            Cell cell = row.createCell(i);
                            cell.setCellValue(j + 1);
                        } else {
                            Field f = fields[i];
                            f.setAccessible(true);
                            String name = f.getName();
                            Object value = f.get(obj);
                            if (value == null) {
                                value = "";
                            }
                            //列
                            Cell cell = row.createCell(i);
                            cell.setCellValue(value.toString());
                        }
                    }
                } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }


    private static void setDataValid(HSSFWorkbook HSSFWorkBook, HSSFSheet mainSheet, List<String> provinceList, Map<String, List<String>> siteMap) {
        //设置省份下拉
        HSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new HSSFDataValidationHelper((HSSFSheet) mainSheet);
        String[] dataArray = provinceList.toArray(new String[0]);
        HSSFSheet hidden = HSSFWorkBook.createSheet("hidden");
        HSSFCell cell = null;
        for (int i = 0, length = dataArray.length; i < length; i++) {
            String name = dataArray[i];
            HSSFRow row = hidden.createRow(i);
            cell = row.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue(name);
        }

        Name namedCell = HSSFWorkBook.createName();
        namedCell.setNameName("hidden");
        namedCell.setRefersToFormula("hidden!$A$1:$A$" + dataArray.length);
        //加载数据,将名称为hidden的
        DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createFormulaListConstraint("hidden");
        // 四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列.
        // 1 (省份下拉框代表从excel第1+1行开始) 10(省份下拉框代表从excel第1+10行结束) 1(代表第几列开始，0是第一列，1是第二列) 1(代表第几列结束，0是第一列，1是第二列)
        CellRangeAddressList provinceRangeAddressList = new CellRangeAddressList(1, 1999, 8, 8);
        DataValidation provinceDataValidation = dvHelper.createValidation(constraint, provinceRangeAddressList);
        provinceDataValidation.createErrorBox("error", "请选择正确");
        provinceDataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
        // provinceDataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
        //将第二个sheet设置为隐藏
        // true:隐藏/false:显示
        HSSFWorkBook.setSheetHidden(HSSFWorkBook.getSheetIndex(hidden), false);// 设置sheet是否隐藏
        mainSheet.addValidationData(provinceDataValidation);


        // 设置市、区下拉
        // i <= 10 ,10代表市、区下拉框到10+1行结束
        for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
            setDataValidation('I', mainSheet, i + 1, 9);// "B"是指父类所在的列，i+1初始值为1代表从第2行开始，2要与“B”对应，为B的列号加1，假如第一个参数为“C”，那么最后一个参数就3
        }

    }

    /**
     * 设置有效性
     *
     * @param offset 主影响单元格所在列，即此单元格由哪个单元格影响联动
     * @param sheet
     * @param rowNum 行数
     * @param colNum 列数
     */
    private static void setDataValidation(char offset, HSSFSheet sheet, int rowNum, int colNum) {
        HSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new HSSFDataValidationHelper(sheet);
        DataValidation dataValidationList1;
        DataValidation dataValidationList2;
        dataValidationList1 = getDataValidationByFormula("INDIRECT($" + offset + (rowNum) + ")", rowNum, colNum, dvHelper);
        dataValidationList2 = getDataValidationByFormula("INDIRECT($" + (char) (offset + 1) + (rowNum) + ")", rowNum, colNum + 1, dvHelper);
        sheet.addValidationData(dataValidationList1);
        sheet.addValidationData(dataValidationList2);
    }


    private static DataValidation getDataValidationByFormula(String formulaString, int naturalRowIndex, int naturalColumnIndex, HSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper) {
        DataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = dvHelper.createFormulaListConstraint(formulaString);
        CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(naturalRowIndex, 65535, naturalColumnIndex, naturalColumnIndex);
        HSSFDataValidation data_validation_list = (HSSFDataValidation) dvHelper.createValidation(dvConstraint, regions);
        data_validation_list.setEmptyCellAllowed(false);
        if (data_validation_list instanceof HSSFDataValidation) {
            // data_validation_list.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
            data_validation_list.setShowErrorBox(true);
        } else {
            // data_validation_list.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
        }
        // 设置输入信息提示信息
        data_validation_list.createPromptBox("下拉选择提示", "请使用下拉方式选择合适的值！");
        return data_validation_list;
    }

    /**
     * 循环单个下拉框的数据写入genderSheet的第A列中
     *
     * @param hssfWorkBook
     * @param sheet
     * @param list
     * @param name         sheet名称
     */
    private static void writeDropDownData(HSSFWorkbook hssfWorkBook, HSSFSheet sheet, List<String> list, String name) {
        //循环单个下拉框的数据写入genderSheet的第A列中
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            HSSFRow genderRow = sheet.createRow(i);
            genderRow.createCell(0).setCellValue(list.get(i));
        }
        initGenderMapping(hssfWorkBook, sheet.getSheetName(), list.size(), name);// 创建数据规则
    }

    private static void writeData(HSSFWorkbook hssfWorkBook, HSSFSheet mapSheet, List<String> provinceList, Map<String, List<String>> siteMap) {

        //循环将父数据写入siteSheet的第1行中
        int siteRowId = 0;
        HSSFRow provinceRow = mapSheet.createRow(siteRowId++);
        provinceRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("父列表");
        for (int i = 0; i < provinceList.size(); i++) {
            provinceRow.createCell(i + 1).setCellValue(provinceList.get(i));
        }
        // 将具体的数据写入到每一行中，行开头为父级区域，后面是子区域。
        Iterator<String> keyIterator = siteMap.keySet().iterator();
        while (keyIterator.hasNext()) {
            String key = keyIterator.next();
            List<String> son = siteMap.get(key);
            HSSFRow siteRow = mapSheet.createRow(siteRowId++);
            siteRow.createCell(0).setCellValue(key);
            for (int i = 0; i < son.size(); i++) {
                siteRow.createCell(i + 1).setCellValue(son.get(i));
            }

            // 添加名称管理器
            String range = getRange(1, siteRowId, son.size());
            Name name = hssfWorkBook.createName();
            name.setNameName(key);
            String formula = mapSheet.getSheetName() + "!" + range;
            name.setRefersToFormula(formula);
        }
    }


    /**
     * 创建下拉数据规则
     *
     * @param workbook
     * @param genderSheetName
     * @param genderQuantity
     * @param name
     */
    private static void initGenderMapping(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String genderSheetName, int genderQuantity, String name) {
        Name genderName = workbook.createName();
        genderName.setNameName(name);
        genderName.setRefersToFormula(genderSheetName + "!$A$1:$A$" + genderQuantity);
    }


    /**
     * 计算formula
     *
     * @param offset   偏移量，如果给0，表示从A列开始，1，就是从B列
     * @param rowId    第几行
     * @param colCount 一共多少列
     * @return 如果给入参 1,1,10. 表示从B1-K1。最终返回 $B$1:$K$1
     */
    private static String getRange(int offset, int rowId, int colCount) {
        char start = (char) ('A' + offset);
        if (colCount <= 25) {
            char end = (char) (start + colCount - 1);
            return "$" + start + "$" + rowId + ":$" + end + "$" + rowId;
        } else {
            char endPrefix = 'A';
            char endSuffix = 'A';
            if ((colCount - 25) / 26 == 0 || colCount == 51) {// 26-51之间，包括边界（仅两次字母表计算）
                if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {// 边界值
                    endSuffix = (char) ('A' + 25);
                } else {
                    endSuffix = (char) ('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
                }
            } else {// 51以上
                if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {
                    endSuffix = (char) ('A' + 25);
                    endPrefix = (char) (endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26 - 1);
                } else {
                    endSuffix = (char) ('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
                    endPrefix = (char) (endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26);
                }
            }
            return "$" + start + "$" + rowId + ":$" + endPrefix + endSuffix + "$" + rowId;
        }
    }