Java中线程的状态

Java中线程的状态

在Java当中把对线程的状态分得比原生操作系统更加细致,在Thread类内部,定义了一个枚举类型State,定义了线程的6种状态,如下

public enum State {
        
        NEW,

        RUNNABLE,

        BLOCKED,

        WAITING,

        TIMED_WAITING,

        TERMINATED;
    }

1. NEW:线程刚创建出来,还未执行start()方法之前处于NEW状态.

 	    Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadMethod());
        System.out.println("thread.getState() = " + thread.getState()); 

2.RUNNABLE:线程处于运行状态或者处在就绪队列,等待CPU资源

	   Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadMethod());
       System.out.println("thread.getState() = " + thread.getState());
       thread.start();
       System.out.println("thread.getState() = " + thread.getState());

3.TERMINATED结束状态,表示线程已经执行完毕

       Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadMethod());
       System.out.println("thread.getState() = " + thread.getState());
       thread.start();
       System.out.println("thread.getState() = " + thread.getState());
       Thread.sleep(100);
       System.out.println("thread.getState() = " + thread.getState());

4.BLOCKED: 这个状态表示线程正在等待锁资源

public class ThreadDemo implements Runnable {

    private static final Object lock = new Object();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadDemo());
        thread.start();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(new ThreadDemo());
        thread1.start();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("thread1.getState() = " + thread1.getState());
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        synchronized (lock){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" synchronized 加锁");
            // 休眠 5 秒
            try {
                Thread.sleep(5000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" synchronized 释放锁");
        }
    }
}

可以看到,当thread开始执行时,进入synchronized 代码块,而后来的线程thread因为无法进入synchronized而阻塞,进入BLOCKED状态

5.WAITING: 查看源码–>

发现,当线程调用上面3个方法时,会进入WAITING状态
如:

public class ThreadState implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public synchronized void run() {
        while (true) {
            try {
                this.wait();
                this.notify();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadState());
        thread.start();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("thread.getState() = " + thread.getState());
    } }

6.TIMED_WAITING: 查看源码–>

当线程进入有限等待时进入TIMED_WAITING状态.

如:

public class ThreadState implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(10000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadState());
        thread.start();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("thread.getState() = " + thread.getState());
    } }

输出

同理join()与wait()带参数的版本可以达到同样的效果