python有参装饰器介绍

@print # index=print(index),会将正下方的index当成参数传给print(),并将返回值赋值给index
def index(x, y):
    print(x, y)

    
print(index)

所以执行之后结果为：

<function index at 0x0000019F70C77AF0>
None

2,@print()
‘’‘变量名+（）是触发功能运行，先执行print（‘hello’）,在将返回值放到@后面,print返回值是None,所以变成@None。此时变成@None---->index=None(index)’‘’

@print('hello') #变量名+（）是触发功能运行，先执行print（'hello'）,在将返回值放到@后面。此时变成@None---->index=None(index)
def index(x, y):
    print(x, y)


print(index)

执行之后变成：hello已被打印(变量名+（）触发功能运行)，None类型不可调用的错误（index=None(index)）

hello
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/ricardo/PycharmProjects/pythonProject1/pythonProject/function/有参装饰器.py", line 10, in <module>
    def index(x, y):
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable

def outter(func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        print('WHAT DO YOU WANT OUTPUT!!!???')
        res = func(*args, **kwargs)
        print(id(wrapper))#为了显示一下wrapper的id
        return res
    return wrapper

@outter  # index=outter(index),此时是将outter的返回值wrapper赋值给index
def index(x, y):
    print(x, y)

print(id(index))#为了显示一下index的id
index(1, 2)

执行之后：

2251617631536
WHAT DO YOU WANT OUTPUT!!!???
1 2
2251617631536

2,增加需求之后

def outter(func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        with open('test.txt',mode='rt',encoding='utf-8') as f:  # 此处的文件路径被写死了
            for line in f:
                print(line)
        print('WHAT DO YOU WANT OUTPUT!!!???')
        res = func(*args, **kwargs)
        return res
    return wrapper

@outter  #
def index(x, y):
    print(x, y)


index(1, 2)

执行之后

python

ricardo
WHAT DO YOU WANT OUTPUT!!!???
1 2

3,在上述增加需求之后我们可以看到文件路径被写死了，但是我们需要一个未被写死的路径

def path(file_path):
    def outter(func):
        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
            with open(file_path,mode='rt',encoding='utf-8') as f:  # 此处的文件路径被写死了
                for line in f:
                    print(line)
            print('WHAT DO YOU WANT OUTPUT!!!???')
            res = func(*args, **kwargs)
            return res
        return wrapper
    return outter  # 执行@path（'test.txt'）得到该返回值

@path('test.txt') # 执行path('test.txt')之后得到返回值outter;变成@outter,然后将outter(index)的返回值'warpper'的地址复制给index
#           index=outter(index)
def index(x, y):
    print(x, y)

执行之后

python

ricardo
WHAT DO YOU WANT OUTPUT!!!???
1 2

总结:
①由@path(‘文件路径’）执行path（‘文件路径’）并且得到返回值outter；
②然后变成执行@outter---->index=outter(index) ‘‘注意此处是执行outter（index)后返回值即‘wrapper’的地址复制给index’’