使用纯注解的方式管理bean对象

首先引入spring-context.xml依赖

   <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>5.3.27</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
                <version>5.3.27</version>
            </dependency>

配置类：

@ComponentScan("org.itheima")
@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {
}

dao层：

public interface UserDAO {
    public void print();
}

 其中@Socpe控制是否为单例模式，singleton（default）、prototype(非单例)

@Repository
@Scope("singleton")
public class UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO {
    @Override
    public void print() {
        System.out.println("userDAOImpl……");
    }
    @PostConstruct
    public void init(){
        System.out.println("init……");
    }

    @PreDestroy
    public void destroy(){
        System.out.println("destroy……");
    }
}

service层：

public interface UserService {

    public void write();
}

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Override
    public void write() {
        System.out.println("UserService……");
    }
}

 测试类：

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        UserDAO userDAO1 = ctx.getBean(UserDAO.class);
        UserDAO userDAO2= ctx.getBean(UserDAO.class);
        System.out.println(userDAO1);
        System.out.println(userDAO2);
        ctx.close();
    }
}

 运行结果：

 

扩展：：

其中：

@Component一般用于公共类,定义组件Bean，添加到IoC容器中，不区分组件类型

@Repository 用于dao数据访问层

@Service 用于业务处理层

@ Controller  用于表示层

他们的用法基本的等价的，只是用于区分！！！

入门案例：

引入依赖：pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.itheima"/>
</beans>

dao层：

public interface UserDAO {
    public void print();
}

@Repository
public class UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO {
    @Override
    public void print() {
        System.out.println("userDAOImpl……");
    }
}

service层：

public interface UserService {

    public void write();
}

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Override
    public void write() {
        System.out.println("UserService……");
    }
}

dao层测试类：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring_config.xml")
public class UserDAOTest {
    @Resource
private UserDAO userDAO;
    @Test
    public void print() {
        userDAO.print();
    }
}

运行结果：

service测试类:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring_config.xml")
public class UserServiceTest {
    @Resource
    private UserService userService;
    @Test
    public void write() {
        userService.write();
    }
}

 运行结果：