用idea的Maven搭配SSM框架以及注意事项（报错解决）

1.创建项目（new project→Maven）

           

   next：

                 由这三项GAV唯一标识项目

                

 next:

               

 next：

                自行填写项目名就可以完成了（比如我写的MYSSM）

finishi:选当前窗口或者新窗口打开都可以

2.完善项目结构

创建项目后等待一定时间下载maven（可以不用自带的maven，从maven官网下载，然后修改conf下的配置，指定本地maven仓库，修改镜像源为阿里镜像）

觉得默认字体不太好可以在settings中的font设置字体类型大小：

可以看到如下初始模板：

 现在完善项目结构：

在src→main下新建java文件夹和resources文件夹，并对java文件夹右键mark Directory as: Sources Root，对resources文件夹右键mark Directory as: Resources Root，然后再src下新建文件夹test,在test下新建java文件夹和resources文件夹，并对java文件夹右键mark Directory as: Test Sources Root，对resources文件夹右键mark Directory as :Test Resources Root,之后在项目名上右键新建文件夹target

 

 

完成后的项目目录结构：

 

 3.添加包和各种配置文件

 在src→main→java文件夹下新建五个文件夹controller（处理层）、service_imp（服务层接口）、service（服务层）、dao（持久层）、bean（表的映射层）,在src→main→resources下新建文件夹mapper（执行sql层）,在src→main→resources下建立jdbc.properties、log4j.properties、spring-mvc.xml、applicationContext.xml，在WEB-INF下建立jsp文件夹然后建立home.jsp文件

此时的项目结构如下：

然后在bean包下创建Users.java,在controller包下创建Users_controller,在dao下创建Users_dao,在service在创建Users_service,在service_imp下创建Users_serviceimp,在mapper包下创建Users_dao_mapper.xml，最终目录结构如下：

4.代码输入

4.1 首先在pom下输入代码完成依赖包的导入和版本选择等，pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com</groupId>
<artifactId>SSM</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>

<name>ssm Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>

<properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
  <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  <!-- spring版本号 -->
  <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
  <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
  <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
  <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
  <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
  <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
  <c3p0.version>0.9.5.2</c3p0.version>
  <taglibs.version>1.1.2</taglibs.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
  <!-- spring核心包 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax</groupId>
    <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
    <version>7.0</version>
  </dependency>

  <!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.30</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 导入dbcp的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- JSTL标签类 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>jstl</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
  <!-- log start -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>${log4j.version}</version>
  </dependency>


  <!-- 数据连接池 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
    <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
    <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
    <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
    <version>${taglibs.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
    <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
  </dependency>

  <!-- 导入servlet-api/jsp -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
  </dependency>
  <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.1</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
  <finalName>ssm</finalName>
  <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
      </plugin>
      <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.2</version>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.0</version>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.22.1</version>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.2</version>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.2</version>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.8.2</version>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>

需要注意的就是GAV的值，每个项目都不一样，当时设置什么这里就是什么，不用更改

如果jar包导入的时候出现报红，就需要设置（一般改变pom文件内容后右下角有个auto自动刷新的功能），也可以手动刷新：

4.2 写入web.xml:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC

        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"

        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >



<web-app>

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->

  <context-param>

    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>

  </context-param>

  <!-- 编码过滤器 -->

  <filter>

    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

    <init-param>

      <param-name>encoding</param-name>

      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

    </init-param>

  </filter>

  <filter-mapping>

    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- Spring监听器 -->

  <listener>

    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

  </listener>

  <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->

  <listener>

    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>

  </listener>



  <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->

  <servlet>

    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>

    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    <init-param>

      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>

    </init-param>

    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>


  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>

    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>

    <!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do，对应struts的后缀习惯 -->

    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>

    <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>

  </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

这里的关键就是指定搜索spring-mvc.xml文件的路径classpath和applicationContext.xml文件的路径classpath(从src→main→resources根文件下搜索)

4.3 spring-mvc.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
    <!-- 加入注解解析-->
    <context:annotation-config />
    <!-- 1.注解扫描位置-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- 2.配置映射处理和适配器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>

    <!-- 3.视图的解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 默认处理无法解决的http请求-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />


</beans>

 这里配置controller层的路径位置（从java根目录搜索），注解方式搜索处理器，并配置映射处理和适配器，还有视图返回的位置（从webapp根目录搜索）

4.4 applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
    <!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性：${url} -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <!-- 2.配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 扫描bean包 使用别名 -->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.bean"></property>

        <!--配置加载映射文件-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- 自动生成dao,mapper-->
    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口，注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.dao"/>
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!--自动扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com"/>
    
    <!-- 配置事务-->
    <!-- 5.配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 6.开启事务注解-->
    <tx:annotation-driven></tx:annotation-driven>

</beans>

这里面的关键是利用jdbc.properties的属性配置数据库连接池，指定bean和mapper路径（配置mybatis），指定dao层路径和自动扫描包com

4.5 jdbc.properties和log4j.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/idea_db?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=114011lukai

# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

4.6 Users.java, Users_controller.java, Users_serviceimp.java, Users_service.java, Users_dao, Users_dao_mapper.xml

package com.bean;

public class Users {
    String user;
    String password;

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }


    public String getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(String user) {
        this.user = user;
    }


}

package com.controller;

import com.bean.*;
import com.service_imp.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class Users_controller {
    @Autowired
    private Users_serviceimp userService;

    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public ModelAndView findAll(){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        List<Users> all = userService.queryAll();
        modelAndView.addObject("users",all);
        modelAndView.setViewName("home");
        return modelAndView;
    }

}

package com.service_imp;

import java.util.List;
import com.bean.*;
public interface Users_serviceimp {
    public List<Users> queryAll();
}

package com.service;
import java.util.*;
import com.service_imp.*;
import com.dao.*;
import com.bean.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class Users_service implements Users_serviceimp {
    @Autowired
    Users_dao users_dao;
    public List<Users> queryAll() {
        return users_dao.queryAll();
    }


}

package com.dao;

import java.util.List;
import com.bean.*;
public interface Users_dao {
    public List<Users> queryAll();
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.dao.Users_dao" >

    <select id="queryAll" resultType="com.bean.Users">
                    select * from users
    </select>

</mapper>

    特别需要注意mapper下的namepace指定的是对应的dao接口而不是包路径

4.7 home.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <title>user列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->

</head>
<body>
<table>
    <tr>
        <td>账号名字</td>
        <td>密码</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${users}" var="u">
        <tr>
            <td>${u.user}</td>
            <td>${u.password}</td>

        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>

5.创建mysql（navicat）下的idea_db数据库和users表并写入几条数据

 在本地连接下新建idea_db数据库，在数据库中建立users表,并加入两条数据

6.部署项目到 tomcat

 然后Deployment下添加项目（+→artifact）:  项目名：war exploded 。然后在Application context中写入/项目名

 完成后点击三角符号运行项目：

没有问题的话等待一会就会通过默认浏览器打开项目跳转到index.jsp起始页如下：

 

 然后在地址栏后面加上user/findAll 执行controller下的对应请求的操作，跳转到home.jsp: