Java学习日记（day25）

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-15 09:47:04 发布

肆氿

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-15 09:47:04 发布

阅读量601

点赞数 15

文章标签： java 学习开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_59031302/article/details/141802717

版权

一、转发

转发：一般查询了数据之后，转发到一个jsp页面进行展示

req.setAttribute("list", list);

req.getRequestDispatcher("student_list.jsp").forward(req, resp);

二、重定向

重定向：一般添加、删除、修改之后重定向到查找所有

resp.sendRedirect("/student");

重定向的状态码是302，重定向的地址最终是由浏览器发送这个请求

给超链接添加点击事件并触发：

<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="method()"></a>
<a href="javascript:;" οnclick="method()"></a>

<a href="javascript:method();">xxx</a>

三、Get

采用URL请求路径传输参数，参数拼接在URL后面
参数传输过程中隐私性较差，直接在URL后面
路径可以容纳的数据有限，只能传递少量参数
form表单请求默认就是get

http://localhost:8080/student?method=deleteById&id=23

http://localhost:8080/student?name=zhangsan&age=12&gender=男

Get方式传参，不是非得在form表单里面，可以手动写，在超链接的href里面直接在地址后面加?id=2

四、POST

采用实体内容传参数
参数在传输过程中不可见，隐私性好
实体内容专门用来传输数据，大小没有限制
使用：在form上加method="post"

不管是Get方式还是POST方式传参数，后台代码获取参数的方式都是一样的。

req.getParameter("name");

五、乱码问题总结

1、数据库创建时候选择utf-8编码

连接数据库url:

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/java?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

2、解决post请求乱码问题 method="post"

req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

3、服务器响应浏览器的乱码问题：

resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

六、前台往后台发请求方式

form表单
超链接删除
location.href
ajax

跳转到一个jsp页面的方式：

直接访问这个jsp页面 http://localhost:8080/student_add.jsp
访问servlet转发到这个页面

<a href="/student_add.jsp">添加</a>
<a href="/student?method=selectStudentAddPage">添加</a>

private void selectStudentAddPage(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
    System.out.println("StudentServlet.selectStudentAddPage");
    req.getRequestDispatcher("/student_add.jsp").forward(req, resp);
}

七、增删改查代码

//http://localhost:8080/index.jsp
//http://localhost:8080/student

@WebServlet("/student")
public class StudentServlet extends HttpServlet {

    //默认访问service
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //System.out.println("StudentServlet.service");
        //解决post请求乱码问题
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

        // http://localhost:8080/student?method=selectAll
        // http://localhost:8080/student?method=deleteById&id=23
        String method = req.getParameter("method");
        if (method == null || method.equals("")) {
            method = "selectAll";
        }
        switch (method) {
            case "selectAll":
                selectAll(req, resp);
                break;
            case "deleteById":
                deleteById(req, resp);
                break;
            case "add":
                add(req, resp);
                break;
            case "toUpdate":
                toUpdate(req, resp);
                break;
            case "update":
                update(req, resp);
                break;
        }
    }

    private void update(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("StudentServlet.update");
        String id = req.getParameter("id");
        String name = req.getParameter("name");
        String age = req.getParameter("age");
        String gender = req.getParameter("gender");

        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
        try {
            connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "update student set name=?,age=?,gender=? where id=?";
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setString(1, name);
            preparedStatement.setInt(2, Integer.parseInt(age));
            preparedStatement.setString(3, gender);
            preparedStatement.setInt(4, Integer.parseInt(id));
            System.out.println(preparedStatement);
            int count = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println("count: " + count);
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }

        resp.sendRedirect("/student");
    }

    private void toUpdate(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("StudentServlet.toUpdate");
        String id = req.getParameter("id");

        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
        ResultSet resultSet = null;
        Student student = null;
        try {
            connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "SELECT id,name,age,gender FROM student where id=?";
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setInt(1, Integer.parseInt(id));
            System.out.println(preparedStatement);
            resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
            while (resultSet.next()) {//判断下一个有没有，如果返回true而且指向下一个，没有返回false
                //int id = resultSet.getInt("id");
                String name = resultSet.getString("name");
                int age = resultSet.getInt("age");
                String gender = resultSet.getString("gender");
                student = new Student(Integer.parseInt(id), name, age, gender);
            }

        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JDBCUtil.close(connection, preparedStatement, resultSet);
        }

        //把list数据放到req里面
        req.setAttribute("student", student);
        //转发到student_list.jsp页面进行展示
        req.getRequestDispatcher("student_update.jsp").forward(req, resp);
    }

    private void add(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("StudentServlet.add");
        String name = req.getParameter("name");
        String age = req.getParameter("age");
        String gender = req.getParameter("gender");

        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
        try {
            connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "insert into student(name,age,gender) values(?,?,?)";
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setString(1, name);
            preparedStatement.setInt(2, Integer.parseInt(age));
            preparedStatement.setString(3, gender);
            System.out.println(preparedStatement);
            int count = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println("count: " + count);
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JDBCUtil.close(connection, preparedStatement, null);
        }

        resp.sendRedirect("/student?method=selectAll");
    }

    private void deleteById(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        String id = req.getParameter("id");

        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
        try {
            connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "delete from student where id=?";
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setInt(1, Integer.parseInt(id));
            System.out.println(preparedStatement);
            int count = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println("count: " + count);
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JDBCUtil.close(connection, preparedStatement, null);
        }

        // /student   302
        // 重定向
        resp.sendRedirect("/student?method=selectAll");
    }

    private void selectAll(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
        ResultSet resultSet = null;
        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
            String sql = "SELECT id,name,age,gender FROM student";
            //预编译
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            System.out.println(preparedStatement);
            resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
            while (resultSet.next()) {//判断下一个有没有，如果返回true而且指向下一个，没有返回false
                int id = resultSet.getInt("id");
                String name = resultSet.getString("name");
                int age = resultSet.getInt("age");
                String gender = resultSet.getString("gender");
                Student student = new Student(id, name, age, gender);
                list.add(student);
            }
            for (Student student : list) {
                System.out.println(student);
            }
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JDBCUtil.close(connection, preparedStatement, resultSet);
        }

        //把list数据放到req里面
        req.setAttribute("list", list);
        //转发到student_list.jsp页面进行展示
        req.getRequestDispatcher("student_list.jsp").forward(req, resp);
    }
}

<%@ page import="com.situ.web.pojo.Student" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.List" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css">
</head>
<body>
    <%
        //JSP页面中可以嵌套Java代码
        //JSP脚本：在这里可以写任意的Java代码
        //request、response:JSP页面的内置对象
        List<Student> list = (List<Student>) request.getAttribute("list");
    %>
    <a class="btn btn-primary" href="/student_add.jsp">添加</a>
    <table class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover table-condensed">
        <tr>
            <td>ID</td>
            <td>名字</td>
            <td>年龄</td>
            <td>性别</td>
            <td>编辑</td>
            <td>删除</td>
        </tr>
        <%
            for (Student student : list) {
        %>
                 <tr>
                    <td><%=student.getId()%></td>
                    <td><%=student.getName()%></td>
                    <td><%=student.getAge()%></td>
                    <td><%=student.getGender()%></td>
                     <td><a href="/student?method=toUpdate&id=<%=student.getId()%>">编辑</a></td>
                     <%--/deleteStudent?id=12 --%>
                    <%--<td><a href="/deleteStudent?id=<%=student.getId()%>">删除</a></td>--%>
                    <%--<td><a href="/student?method=deleteById&id=<%=student.getId()%>">删除</a></td>--%>
                    <td><a href="javascript:deleteById(<%=student.getId()%>)">删除</a></td>
                </tr>
        <%
            }
        %>
    </table>

    <script>
        function deleteById(id) {
            var isDelete = confirm('您确认要删除？');
            if (isDelete) {
               location.href = '/student?method=deleteById&id=' + id;
            }
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/student?method=add" method="post">
        用户名：<input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
        年龄：<input type="text" name="age"/><br/>
        性别：<input type="text" name="gender"/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="添加"/>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page import="com.situ.web.pojo.Student" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <%
        Student student = (Student) request.getAttribute("student");
    %>
    <form action="/student?method=update" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="id" value="<%=student.getId()%>"/>
        用户名：<input type="text" name="name" value="<%=student.getName()%>"/><br/>
        年龄：<input type="text" name="age" value="<%=student.getAge()%>"/><br/>
        性别：<input type="text" name="gender" value="<%=student.getGender()%>"/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="修改"/>
    </form>
</body>
</html>