SpringSSM入门学习(一)：SpringSSM的框架搭建，实现一个简单地后台接口

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 03:18:38 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 03:18:38 发布

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SpringSSM是目前的主流框架之一，而所谓的SSM也就是指Spring+SpringMVC+mybatis三种框架的整合！

一、SpringSSM框架的搭建

（一）创建项目

然后起个名字一路next

（二）父项目处理

创建好父项目后，将src删掉，父项目不放相关代码，只负责版本控制等。

我使用了父项目进行版本控制，所以搭的是父类项目下的子module，父项目的pom依赖设置：

如果不想搭建父项目的话，可以直接把下面的配置中的<version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>加到子类的Spring的dependency中

 <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-framework-bom</artifactId>
                <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <!-- 插件 -->
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <!--设置maven拷贝那些目录下的文件-->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

（二）创建子module中及添加其SSM框架所需依赖：

创建好后再子module的pom.xml中添加SSM框架所需的依赖：


    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties> 
 <dependencies>
        <!-- spring相关的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis与spring整合依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mysql数据库驱动依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.21</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--连接池 c3p0-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--日志-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Servlet-api-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--jsp-api-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--文件上传-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.75</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alipay.sdk</groupId>
            <artifactId>alipay-sdk-java</artifactId>
            <version>4.18.0.ALL</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>SpringSSM_study_demo01</finalName>
        <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.22.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.8.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
        <!--设置maven拷贝那些目录下的文件-->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

（三）在子module中的src下创建三个文件夹：

右键main->new->Directory，创建源码文件夹和资源配置文件夹

然后src右键->new->Directory

结果：

（四）创建applicationContext.xml，applicationContext-tx.xml，applicationContext-mapper.xml和springmvc.xml并配置。

①applicationContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!--导入其他Spring配置文件-->
    <import resource="classpath:applicationContext-mapper.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:applicationContext-tx.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:springmvc.xml"/>
</beans>

②applicationContext-tx.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">


    <!--开始扫描注解-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.shop.service"/>

    <!--配置声明式事务管理-->
    <!--配置一个事务管理器-->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置事务通知-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <!--配置事务策略: 对业务层的方法进行怎么样事务管理-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <!-- 对业务层类的具体的方法的设置事务策略
               name: 业务层类的方法名, 支持通配符 *
               要求你业务层类的方法必须按照你配置和名字起名
               查询方法的策略
                 read-only: 是否只读: true只读, false不只读 默认值, 查询效率,对查询方法设置只读,
                            增删改方法,一定不能设置只读
                 propagation: 事务传播机制:
                    	REQUIRED:默认值,表示如果存在一个事务,则支持当前事务,如果当前没有事务,则开启一个新的事务.  增删改
                    	SUPPORTS:表示如果存在一个事务,则支持当前事务,如果当前没有事务,则按非事务方式执行, 查询

                rollback-for="在那些异常下进行回滚"  默认值 RuntimeException
                              rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" 所有异常都回滚

                no-rollback-for="那些异常不回滚"

                timeout: 超时 默认 -1 永不超时
            -->
            <tx:method name="query*" read-only="true" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
            <tx:method name="select*" read-only="true" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
            <tx:method name="add*" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
            <tx:method name="del*" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
            <tx:method name="*" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--把事务通知类txAdvice与业务层的类方法进行织入: AOP的技术-->
     <aop:config>
         <!--配置切入点-->
         <aop:pointcut id="mypointcut" expression="execution(* com.shop.service..*.*(..))"/>
         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="mypointcut"/>
     </aop:config>


</beans>

③applicationContext-mapper.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


    <!--加载properties
      如果是多个properties文件, 文件路径与文件路径使用逗号分割   classpath:db.properties,classpath:log4j.properties
    -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" file-encoding="UTF-8"/>
      <!--配置一个C3p0数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!--    数据库四大参数    -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <!--连接池相关参数-->
        <!--    初始连接数    -->
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initialPoolSize}"/>
        <!--    增量，每次创建几个连接    -->
        <property name="acquireIncrement" value="${jdbc.acquireIncrement}"/>
        <!--    最大连接数    -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"/>
        <!--    最小连接数，默认值等于初始连接数    -->
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="${jdbc.minPoolSize}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置SqlSessionFactoryBean-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactoryBean" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--配置别名-->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.shop.entity"/>
        <!--加载sql映射文件  * 任意  一定要注意: classpath*: 如果不写, 后面*无效-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/>
    </bean>


    <!--配置mapper扫描器 扫描指定包下所有的Mapper接口
       创建Mapper接口代理对象, sqlSession.getMapper()并且保存到Spring容器-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--扫描那个包下Mapper接口-->
         <property name="basePackage" value="com.shop.mapper"/>
        <!--注入SqlSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactoryBean"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

④springmvc.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService">
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <!--ContentType类型:告诉前端,后台响应的application/json,charset: 编码-->
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper">
                        <!-- 为null字段时不显示 -->
                        <property name="serializationInclusion">
                            <value type="com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude.Include">NON_NULL</value>
                        </property>
                        <!--默认与属性名一样-->
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--配置文件上传解析器
注意: id值一定是multipartResolver
-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 设置最大的上传文件大小 :10M    = 10 *1024*1024 B
           单位 字节
        -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"></property>
    </bean>

    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.shop.Controller"/>
    <!--配置转换器的服务-->
    <!-- 自定义参数绑定 -->
    <bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <property name="converters">
            <set>
                <!-- 指定自己定义的Converter类
                  内部bean, 只能在conversionService的bean内部有效
                -->
                <bean class="com.shop.converter.MyDateConverter"/>
                <!--<bean class="com.fs.ssm.converter.MyIntegerConverter"/>-->
            </set>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

中途会有文件不存在报错，等等创建

结果：

（五）创建db.properties,log4j.properties

①db.properties：

jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456

jdbc.initialPoolSize=5
jdbc.acquireIncrement=3
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10
jdbc.minPoolSize=5

②log4j.properties

log4j.rootCategory=WARN, stdout
#开发过程中,日志输出级别DEBUG 打印更多信息,方便调试,  项目上线, 一定修改为INFO, 日志输出越多,性能越低
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %t %c{2}:%L - %m%n

log4j.category.org.springframework.beans.factory=DEBUG

结果：

（六）修改webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml：

然后回到web.xml进行配置：

<!--监听器-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>


  <!--前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--Servlet的初始化参数, 只能在该Servlet获取-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <!--请求的路径
        1)    /*  错误写法, 因为, /* 所有的请求都会经过前端控制器, 经过前端控制器, 根据url查找处理器
                        jsp页面.经过前端控制器, 查询jsp的url的处理器, 肯定找不到, 报错 处理器找不到
        2)  /   Restfull 风格的写法, 所有的请求都会经过前端控制器,除以.jsp结尾的url, 静态资源(css,js,html,图片..)
                      经过前端控制器, 根据url查找处理器, 后期需要对静态资源过滤
        3) *.do/*.action       以.do或者.action结尾的url经过前端控制
        -->

    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!-- 解决put,patch等请求，data数据拿不到的问题 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>HttpPutFormContentFilter </filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>HttpPutFormContentFilter </filter-name>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  </filter-mapping>

（七）创建各类实体类

1.com.shop.Controller.UserController:

@RestController //该Controller全部返回JSON格式
@RequestMapping("/user/*")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/queryUserById")
    public User queryUserById(User user){
        return user;
    }
}

2.com.shop.entity.User:

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@EqualsAndHashCode
@ToString
public class User {
    private int u_id; //用户唯一id
    private String u_name; //用户名
    private String u_pwd; //用户密码
    private int u_authority; //用户权限
    private int u_age; //用户年龄
    private String u_sex; //用户性别
    private String u_location; //用户地址（可以为空但是购物前必须填写）
    private String u_img;
    private String u_introduction; //用户个人介绍
}

配置Tomcat：

启动tomcat，然后访问localhost:8088/user/queryUserById?u_id=1

到这里我们已经整合好SpringMVC了，剩下的就是把mybatis整合好就行！

3.com.shop.service.UserService(接口):

public interface UserService {
    public User queryUserById(Integer id);
}

4.com.shop.service.impl.UserServiceImpl(实现类)：


@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;
    @Override
    public User queryUserById(Integer id) {
        return userMapper.queryUserById(id);
    }
}

5.com.shop.mapper.UserMapper(接口):

public interface UserMapper {
    User queryUserById(Integer id);
}

6.mapper.UserMapper.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--  这里的namespace指的是这个mybatis所实现的接口的路径  -->
<mapper namespace="com.shop.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="queryUserById" resultType="com.shop.entity.User">
    select * from user where u_id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>

然后我们修改UserController和UserServiceImpl:

@RestController //该Controller全部返回JSON格式
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/queryUserById")
    public User queryUserById(User user){
        User getUser = userService.queryUserById(user.getU_id());
        return getUser;
    }

}

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;
    @Override
    public User queryUserById(Integer id) {
        return userMapper.queryUserById(id);
    }
}

然后我们启动tomcat，再次访问localhost:8088/user/queryUserById?u_id=1,得到结果：