HCIP之路由策略实验

实验要求：

 拓扑网搭建：

 IP配置与环回接口配置：

R1

 R2

 

R3 

 

R4 

 

R5 

 

R6

R7

 RIP与OSPF宣告：

4.6的邻居图如下：

 

 3的通过RIP学到的路由如下

 将R7的环回与rip，ospf进行重发布

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]import-route direct 
[R7-ospf-1]q
[R7]


[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]import-route rip
[R2-ospf-1]q
[R2]rip 1
[R2-rip-1]import-route ospf 
[R2-rip-1]


[R3]rip 1
[R3-rip-1]import-route ospf 
[R3-rip-1]
[R3-rip-1]q
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]import-route rip 
[R3-ospf-1]

由于R7的环回重发布进OSPF后优先级会变成150，R4将R7环回给R2。R2重发布给R1此时R7的环回优先级在RIP中变为100，R1给R3，R3收到R1与R4给的到R7环回的路由，由于R4优先级为150，R1为100，故R3会选择优先级为100的R1的路由。又由于R4与R3是邻居，所以R3会将R1给的到R7的环回路由给R4，R4收到后比较优先级后发现相同，再次比较跳数（度量），发现到R3的度量小故选择R3给的路由，由此形成路由黑洞。

解决办法：

需将R3给R4到R7环回的路由优先级改大（比150大即可）或者将R4给R3到R7的路由优先级改小（比100小即可）

防止R2出现与R3相同的路由黑洞，需在R2配置相同的路由策略。

[R3]ip ip-prefix 34 permit 7.7.7.0 24
[R3]route-policy aa permit node 10 
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R3-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix 34
[R3-route-policy]apply preference 151 
[R3-route-policy]q
[R3]rip 1
[R3-rip-1]preference route-policy aa 
[R3-rip-1]q

 

[R2]ip ip-prefix b permit 7.7.7.0 24
[R2]route-policy dd permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix b 
[R2-route-policy]apply preference 151
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]rip 1 
[R2-rip-1]preference route-policy dd 
[R2-rip-1]q

路径选择最优：

修改度量，使R1到R4的路径选择最优

[R2]ip ip-prefix qq permit 3.3.3.3 24
[R2]ip ip-prefix qq permit 34.1.1.0 24
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricout ip-prefix qq 2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R2]



[R3]ip ip-prefix ww permit 24.1.1.0 24
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip metricout ip-prefix ww 2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

 修改类型，使R4到R1的路径最佳

[R2]ip ip-prefix ee permit 2.2.2.0 24
[R2]ip ip-prefix ee permit 12.1.1.0 24 
[R2]route-policy rr permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix ee
[R2-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]route-policy rr permit node 20 
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R2-route-policy]q
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy rr
[R2-ospf-1]




[R3]ip ip-prefix tt permit 13.1.1.0 24
[R3]route-policy yy permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R3-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[R3-route-policy]q
[R3]route-policy yy permit node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[R3-route-policy]q
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy yy
[R3-ospf-1]q
[R3