看这一篇就够了！-Ajax详解

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-10 23:20:32 发布

无畏@

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-10 23:20:32 发布

阅读量744

点赞数

文章标签：交互 ajax okhttp

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_59961910/article/details/135003934

版权

今天来聊一聊前后端交互的重要工具AJAX

结合上次跟大家分享的前后端交互基础，如果还没有看过的童鞋，以下是传送门
【前后端交互详解】

1. AJAX

- 到底什么是Ajax?

ajax 全名 async javascript and XML(异步JavaScript和XML)
是前后台交互的能⼒ 也就是我们客户端给服务端发送消息的⼯具，以及接受响应的⼯具
AJAX 不是新的编程语言，而是一种使用现有标准的新方法。
AJAX 是与服务器交换数据并更新部分网页的艺术，在不重新加载整个页面的情况下。
是⼀个 默认异步执⾏机制的功能,AJAX分为同步（async = false）和异步（async = true）

- 什么是同步请求？(false)

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code> 同步请求是指当前发出请求后，浏览器什么都不能做，
 必须得等到请求完成返回数据之后，才会执行后续的代码，
 相当于生活中的排队，必须等待前一个人完成自己的事物，后一个人才能接着办。
 也就是说，当JS代码加载到当前AJAX的时候会把页面里所有的代码停止加载，页面处于一个假死状态，
 当这个AJAX执行完毕后才会继续运行其他代码页面解除假死状态
</code></span></span>

- 什么是异步请求？(默认:true)

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code>默认异步：异步请求就当发出请求的同时，浏览器可以继续做任何事，
Ajax发送请求并不会影响页面的加载与用户的操作，相当于是在两条线上，各走各的，互不影响。
一般默认值为true，异步。异步请求可以完全不影响用户的体验效果，
无论请求的时间长或者短，用户都在专心的操作页面的其他内容，并不会有等待的感觉。
</code></span></span>

在这里插入图片描述

2. AJAX 的优势

不需要插件的⽀持，原⽣ js 就可以使⽤
⽤户体验好（不需要刷新⻚⾯就可以更新数据）
减轻服务端和带宽的负担
缺点：搜索引擎的⽀持度不够，因为数据都不在⻚⾯上，搜索引擎搜索不到

3. AJAX 的操作流程

具体操作流程：

首先通过PHP页面将数据库中的数据取出
取出后转成json格式的字符串，后利用ajax把字符串返还给前台
再利用json.parse解析通过循环添加到页面上
那么反之，前端的数据可以利用ajax提交到后台
但是后台是没有办法直接把这些数据插入到数据库中，所以要先提交到PHP页面上
最后再由PHP将数据插入到数据库中

4. AJAX 的使用

在 js 中有内置的构造函数来创建 ajax 对象
创建 ajax 对象以后，我们就使⽤ ajax 对象的⽅法去发送请求和接受响应

Ajax的一个最大的特点是无需刷新页面便可向服务器传输或读写数据(又称无刷新更新页面),这一特点主要得益于XMLHTTP组件XMLHTTPRequest对象。
XMLHttpRequest 对象方法描述
在这里插入图片描述

1.创建⼀个 ajax 对象

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-javascript"><span style="color:#5c6370">// IE9及以上</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">const</span> xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> XMLHttpRequest<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// IE9以下</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">const</span> xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> ActiveXObject<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'Mricosoft.XMLHTTP'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

上⾯就有了⼀个 ajax 对象
我们就可以使⽤这个 xhr 对象来发送 ajax 请求了

2.配置链接信息

XMLHttpRequest 对象属性描述(用于和服务器交换数据。)
在这里插入图片描述

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-javascript"><span style="color:#5c6370">//所有现代浏览器（IE7+、Firefox、Chrome、Safari 以及 Opera）均内建 XMLHttpRequest 对象。</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">const</span> xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> XMLHttpRequest<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// xhr 对象中的 open ⽅法是来配置请求信息的</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// 第⼀个参数是本次请求的请求⽅式 get / post / put / ...</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// 第⼆个参数是本次请求的 url </span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// 第三个参数是本次请求是否异步，默认 true 表示异步，false 表示同步</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// xhr.open('请求⽅式', '请求地址', 是否异步)</span>
xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'get'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'./data.php'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

上⾯的代码执⾏完毕以后，本次请求的基本配置信息就写完了

3.发送请求

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-javascript"><span style="color:#5c6370">//如需将请求发送到服务器，我们使用 XMLHttpRequest 对象的 open() 和 send() 方法：</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">const</span> xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> XMLHttpRequest<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'get'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'./data.php'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// 使⽤ xhr 对象中的 send ⽅法来发送请求</span>
xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">send</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

上面代码是把配置好信息的 ajax 对象发送到服务端

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code> 一个最基本的 ajax 请求就是上面三步 但是光有上面的三个步骤，我们确实能把请求发送到服务端 
 如果服务端正常的话，响应也能回到客户端 但是我们拿不到响应
 如果想要拿到响应，我们需要有两个前提条件
 1. 本次 HTTP 请求是成功的，也就是我们下面要说的 http 状态码为 200 ~ 299
 2. ajax 对象也有自己的状态码，用来表示本次 ajax 请求中各个阶段
</code></span></span>

5.AJAX 状态码

ajax 状态码 - xhr.readyState

是用来表示一个 ajax 请求的全部过程中的某一个状态

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code> readyState === 0 : 表示未初始化完成，也就是 open 方法还没有执行 
 readyState === 1 : 表示配置信息已经完成，也就是执行完 open 之后 
 readyState === 2 : 表示 send 方法已经执行完成
 readyState === 3 : 表示正在解析响应内容
 readyState === 4 : 表示响应内容已经解析完毕，可以在客户端使用了
</code></span></span>

这个时候我们就会发现，当一个 ajax 请求的全部过程中，只有当 readyState === 4 的时候，我们才可以正常使用服务端给我们的数据

所以，配合 http 状态码为 200 ~ 299

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code> 一个 ajax 对象中有一个成员叫做 xhr.status
 这个成员就是记录本次请求的 http 状态码的 
</code></span></span>

两个条件都满足的时候，才是本次请求正常完成

readyStateChange

在 ajax 对象中有一个事件，叫做 readyStateChange 事件
这个事件是专⻔用来监听 ajax 对象的 readyState 值改变的的行为
也就是说只要 readyState 的值发生变化了，那么就会触发该事件
所以我们就在这个事件中来监听 ajax 的 readyState 是不是到 4 了

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-javascript">   <span style="color:#c678dd">const</span> xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> XMLHttpRequest<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'get'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'./data.php'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
	xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">send</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
	xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">onreadyStateChange</span> <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
	<span style="color:#5c6370">// 每次 readyState 改变的时候都会触发该事件</span>
	<span style="color:#5c6370">// 我们就在这里判断 readyState 的值是不是到 4</span>
	<span style="color:#5c6370">// 并且 http 的状态码是不是 200 ~ 299</span>
	<span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span>xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span>readyState <span style="color:#669900">===</span> <span style="color:#98c379">4</span> <span style="color:#669900">&&</span> <span style="color:#98c379">/^2\d{2|$/</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">test</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span>status<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
	<span style="color:#5c6370">// 这里表示验证通过</span>
	<span style="color:#5c6370">// 我们就可以获取服务端给我们响应的内容了 }</span>
<span style="color:#999999">}</span>
</code></span></span>

使用 ajax 发送请求时携带参数

我们使用 ajax 发送请求也是可以携带参数的
参数就是和后台交互的时候给他的一些信息
但是携带参数 get 和 post两个方式还是有区别的

GET 还是 POST？

与 POST 相比，GET 更简单也更快，并且在大部分情况下都能用。

然而，在以下情况中，请使用 POST 请求：

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code> 无法使用缓存文件（更新服务器上的文件或数据库）
 向服务器发送大量数据（POST 没有数据量限制）
 发送包含未知字符的用户输入时，POST 比 GET 更稳定也更可靠
</code></span></span>

发送一个带有参数的 get 请求

get 请求的参数就直接在 url 后面进行拼接就可以

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-javascript"><span style="color:#c678dd">const</span> xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> XMLHttpRequest<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// 直接在地址后面加一个 ?，然后以 key=value 的形式传递 // 两个数据之间以 & 分割</span>
xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'get'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'./data.php?a=100&b=200'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">send</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>

这样服务端就能接受到两个参数一个是 a，值是 100，一个是 b，值是 200

发送一个带有参数的 post 请求

post 请求的参数是携带在请求体中的，所以不需要再 url 后面拼接

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-javascript">	<span style="color:#c678dd">const</span> xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> XMLHttpRequest<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'post'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'./data.php'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
	<span style="color:#5c6370">// 如果是用 ajax 对象发送 post 请求，必须要先设置一下请求头中的 content- type</span>
	<span style="color:#5c6370">// 告诉一下服务端我给你的是一个什么样子的数据格式 xhr.setRequestHeader('content-type', 'application/x-www-form- urlencoded')</span>
	<span style="color:#5c6370">// 请求体直接再 send 的时候写在 () 里面就行</span>
	<span style="color:#5c6370">// 不需要问号，直接就是 'key=value&key=value' 的形式 xhr.send('a=100&b=200')</span>
		

</code></span></span>

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-javascript"><span style="color:#5c6370">// 1. 创建 ajax 对象</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">let</span> xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> XMLHttpRequest<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// 2. 配置请求信息 xhr.open(‘GET’, ‘./test.php’, true)</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// 3. 发送请求 xhr.send()</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370">// 4. 接受响应 xhr.onload = function () {</span>
console<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">log</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span>responseText<span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
</code></span></span>

6.AJAX封装

<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-javascript"><span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">!</span><span style="color:#98c379">DOCTYPE</span> html<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span>html lang<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"en"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
    <span style="color:#669900"><</span>head<span style="color:#669900">></span>
        <span style="color:#669900"><</span>meta charset<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"UTF-8"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
        <span style="color:#669900"><</span>meta name<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"viewport"</span> content<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"</span><span style="color:#669900">></span>
        <span style="color:#669900"><</span>title<span style="color:#669900">></span>Document<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>title<span style="color:#669900">></span>
        <span style="color:#669900"><</span>script<span style="color:#669900">></span>
            <span style="color:#5c6370">/*
                type 代表 请求方式
                url  代表 请求url路径
                data 代表 发送数据
                success 代表 下载数据成功以后执行的函数
                error   代表 下载数据失败以后执行的函数
            */</span>
            <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">$ajax</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>type <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">"get"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> url<span style="color:#999999">,</span> data<span style="color:#999999">,</span> success<span style="color:#999999">,</span> error<span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                <span style="color:#c678dd">var</span> xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">null</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                <span style="color:#c678dd">try</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                    xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> XMLHttpRequest<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                <span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#c678dd">catch</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>error<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                    xhr <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">new</span> ActiveXObject<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Microsoft.XMLHTTP"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
                <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
                
                <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>type <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">"get"</span> <span style="color:#669900">&&</span> data<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                    url <span style="color:#669900">+=</span> <span style="color:#669900">"?"</span> <span style="color:#669900">+</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">querystring</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>data<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                <span style="color:#999999">}</span>

                xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">open</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>type<span style="color:#999999">,</span> url<span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#56b6c2">true</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>

                <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>type <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">"get"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                    xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">send</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                <span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#c678dd">else</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                     <span style="color:#5c6370">//设置提交数据格式</span>
                    xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">setRequestHeader</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"content-type"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                    data <span style="color:#669900">?</span> xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">send</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#61aeee">querystring</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>data<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#669900">:</span> xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">send</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
                xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">onreadystatechange</span> <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                    <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span>readyState <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#98c379">4</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                        <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span>status <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#98c379">200</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                            <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>success<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                                <span style="color:#61aeee">success</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span>responseText<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                            <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
                        <span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#c678dd">else</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                            <span style="color:#c678dd">if</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>error<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                                <span style="color:#61aeee">error</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"Error："</span> <span style="color:#669900">+</span> xhr<span style="color:#999999">.</span>status<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                            <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
                        <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
                    <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
                <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
            <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
            <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">querystring</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>obj<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                <span style="color:#c678dd">var</span> str <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">''</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                <span style="color:#c678dd">for</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#c678dd">var</span> attr <span style="color:#c678dd">in</span> obj<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                    str <span style="color:#669900">+=</span> attr <span style="color:#669900">+</span> <span style="color:#669900">"="</span> <span style="color:#669900">+</span> obj<span style="color:#999999">[</span>attr<span style="color:#999999">]</span> <span style="color:#669900">+</span> <span style="color:#669900">"&"</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
                <span style="color:#c678dd">return</span> str<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">substring</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#98c379">0</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> str<span style="color:#999999">.</span>length <span style="color:#669900">-</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
            <span style="color:#999999">}</span>

            window<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">onload</span> <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                <span style="color:#c678dd">var</span> aBtns <span style="color:#669900">=</span> document<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">getElementsByTagName</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"button"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                <span style="color:#5c6370">/*
                    当我们下载完数据以后需要对数据的处理方式不一样
                    【注】$ajax，我们需要按照传参的顺序，依次传入我们的参数。
                */</span>

                aBtns<span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#98c379">0</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">onclick</span> <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                    <span style="color:#61aeee">$ajax</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                        <span style="color:#98c379">url</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"code14/1.get.php"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                        <span style="color:#98c379">data</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                            <span style="color:#98c379">username</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"小明"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                            <span style="color:#98c379">age</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#98c379">18</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                            <span style="color:#98c379">password</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"123abc"</span>
                        <span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                        <span style="color:#61aeee">success</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>result<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                            <span style="color:#61aeee">alert</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"GET请求到的数据："</span> <span style="color:#669900">+</span> result<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                        <span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                        <span style="color:#61aeee">error</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>msg<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                            <span style="color:#61aeee">alert</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"GET请求数据错误："</span> <span style="color:#669900">+</span> msg<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                        <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
                    <span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
                <span style="color:#999999">}</span>

                aBtns<span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#61aeee">onclick</span> <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                    <span style="color:#61aeee">$ajax</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                        <span style="color:#98c379">type</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"post"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                        <span style="color:#98c379">url</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"code14/2.post.php"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                        <span style="color:#98c379">data</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                            <span style="color:#98c379">username</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"小花"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                            <span style="color:#98c379">age</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#98c379">18</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                            <span style="color:#98c379">password</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#669900">"123abc"</span>
                        <span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                        <span style="color:#61aeee">success</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>result<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                            <span style="color:#61aeee">alert</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"POST请求到的数据："</span> <span style="color:#669900">+</span> result<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                        <span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span>
                        <span style="color:#61aeee">error</span><span style="color:#669900">:</span> <span style="color:#c678dd">function</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>msg<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">{</span>
                            <span style="color:#61aeee">alert</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"POST请求数据错误："</span> <span style="color:#669900">+</span> msg<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
                        <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
                    <span style="color:#999999">}</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
                <span style="color:#999999">}</span>
            <span style="color:#999999">}</span>

        <span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>script<span style="color:#669900">></span>
    <span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>head<span style="color:#669900">></span>
    <span style="color:#669900"><</span>body<span style="color:#669900">></span>
        <span style="color:#669900"><</span>button<span style="color:#669900">></span><span style="color:#98c379">GET</span>请求<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>button<span style="color:#669900">></span>
        <span style="color:#669900"><</span>button<span style="color:#669900">></span><span style="color:#98c379">POST</span>请求<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>button<span style="color:#669900">></span>
    <span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>body<span style="color:#669900">></span>
<span style="color:#669900"><</span><span style="color:#669900">/</span>html<span style="color:#669900">></span>
</code></span></span>

结:以上就是前后端交互工具AJAX的重点内容，下一次将更新http和cookie,喜欢的小伙伴们可以点赞，关注一波✨

无畏@

关注

0
点赞
踩
0

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
看这一篇就够了！-Ajax详解

这样服务端就能接受到两个参数一个是 a，值是 100，一个是 b，值是 200。创建 ajax 对象以后，我们就使⽤ ajax 对象的⽅法去发送请求和接受响应。这个时候我们就会发现，当一个 ajax 请求的全部过程中，上⾯的代码执⾏完毕以后，本次请求的基本配置信息就写完了。post 请求的参数是携带在请求体中的，所以。基础，如果还没有看过的童鞋，以下是传送门。
复制链接

扫一扫