一、需求分析:
添加学生及成绩信息
将学生信息保存到文件中
修改和删除学生信息
查询学生信息
根据学生成绩进行排序
统计学生的总分
二、系统功能结构:
学生信息管理系统的7大模块
录入学生信息模块
查找学生信息模块
删除学生信息模块
修改学生信息模块
学生成绩排名模块
统计学生总人数模块
显示全部学生信息模块
三、代码模块:
import os filename = 'student.txt' def main(): while True: menu() choice = int(input("请输入您的选择:")) if choice in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]: if choice == 0: answer = input('您确定要退出系统吗? y/n\n') if answer == 'y' or answer == 'Y': print('谢谢您的使用!!!') break else: continue elif choice == 1: insert() #录入学生信息 elif choice == 2: search() #查找学生信息 elif choice == 3: delete() #删除学生信息 elif choice == 4: modify() #修改学生信息 elif choice == 5: sort() #排序 elif choice == 6: total() #统计学生人数 elif choice == 7: show() #显示所有学生信息 def menu(): print('===================学生信息管理系统===================') print('----------------------功能菜单-----------------------') print('\t\t\t\t\t1、录入学生信息') print('\t\t\t\t\t2、查找学生信息') print('\t\t\t\t\t3、删除学生信息') print('\t\t\t\t\t4、修改学生信息') print('\t\t\t\t\t5、排序') print('\t\t\t\t\t6、统计学生总人数') print('\t\t\t\t\t7、显示所有学生信息') print('\t\t\t\t\t0、退出') def insert(): #录入学生信息 student_list = [] while True: id = input('请输入ID(如1001)') if not id: break name = input('请输入学生姓名:') if not name: break try: english = int(input('请输入英语成绩:')) python = int(input('请输入python成绩:')) java = int(input('请输入Java成绩:')) except: print('输入无效,不上整数类型,请重新输入') continue #将录入的学生信息保存到字典中 sum = english + python + java student = {'id':id,'name':name,'english':english,'python':python,'java':java,'sum':sum} #将学生信息添加到列表中 student_list.append(student) answer = input('是否继续添加?y/n\n') if answer == 'y' or answer == 'Y': continue else: break #调用save()函数 save(student_list) print('学生信息录入完毕!!!') def save(lst): try: stu_txt = open(filename,'a',encoding='utf-8') except: stu_txt = open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') for item in lst: stu_txt.write(str(item)+'\n') stu_txt.close() def search(): #查找学生信息 student_query = [] while True: id = '' name = '' if os.path.exists(filename): mode = int(input('按ID查找请输入1,按姓名查找请输入2:')) if mode == 1: id = input('请输入学生ID:') elif mode == 2: name == input('请输入学生姓名:') else: print('您的输入有误,请重新输入') search() with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile: student = rfile.readlines() for item in student: d = dict(eval(item)) if id != '': if d['id'] == id: student_query.append(d) elif name != '': if d['name'] == name: student_query.append(d) #显示出查询结果 show_student(student_query) #清空列表 student_query.clear() answer = input('是否继续查询?y/n\n') if answer == 'y': continue else: break else: print('暂未保存学生信息') return def show_student(lst): if len(lst) == 0: print('没有查询到学生的信息,无数据显示!!!') return #定义标题显示格式 format_title = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}' print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','英语成绩','python成绩','Java成绩','总成绩')) #定义内容的显示格式 format_data = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}' for item in lst: print(format_data.format(item.get('id'), item.get('name'), item.get('english'), item.get('python'), item.get('java'), int(item.get('english'))+int(item.get('python'))+int(item.get('java')) )) def delete(): #删除学生信息 while True: student_id = input('请输入要删除的学生ID:') if student_id != '': if os.path.exists(filename): with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file: student_old = file.readlines() else: student_old = [] flag = False #标记是否删除 if student_old: with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile: d = {} for item in student_old: d = dict(eval(item)) #将字符串转成字典 if d['id'] != student_id: wfile.write(str(d)+'\n') else: flag = True if flag: print(f'id为{student_id}的学生信息已被删除') else: print(f'没有找到ID为{student_id}的学生信息') else: print('无学生信息') break show() answer = input('是否继续删除:y/n\n') if answer == 'y': continue else: break def modify(): #修改学生信息 show() if os.path.exists(filename): with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile: student_old = rfile.readlines() else: return student_id = input('请输入要修改的学生ID:') with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile: for itme in student_old: d = dict(eval(itme)) if d['id'] == student_id: print('找到学生信息,可以修改他的相关信息了!') while True: try: d['name'] = input('请输入姓名:') d['emglish'] = input('请输入英语成绩:') d['python'] = input('请输入python成绩:') d['java'] = input('请输入Java成绩:') except: print('您的输入有无,请重新输入!!!') else: break wfile.write(str(d)+'\n') print('修改成功!!!') else: wfile.write(str(d)+'\n') answer = input('是否继续修改其他学生信息?y/n\n') if answer == 'y': modify() def sort(): #排序 show() if os.path.exists(filename): with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile: student_list = rfile.readlines() student_new = [] for item in student_list: d = dict(eval(item)) student_new.append(d) else: return asc_or_desc = int(input('请选择(0、升序 1、降序):')) if asc_or_desc == 0: asc_or_desc_bool = False elif asc_or_desc == 1: asc_or_desc_bool = True else: print('您输入有误,请重新输入') sort() mode = int(input('请选择排序方式(1.按英语成绩排序 2.按python成绩排序 3.按Java成绩排序 0.按总成绩排序):')) if mode == 1: student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['english']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool) elif mode == 2: student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['python']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool) elif mode == 3: student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['java']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool) elif mode == 0: student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['sum']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool) else: print('您输入有误,请重新输入') sort() show_student(student_new) def total(): #统计学生人数 if os.path.exists(filename): with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile: studens = rfile.readlines() if studens: print(f'一共有{len(studens)}名学生') else: print('还没有录入学生信息') else: print('暂未保存数据信息!!!') def show(): #显示所有学生信息 student_lst = [] if os.path.exists(filename): with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile: students = rfile.readlines() for item in students: student_lst.append(eval(item)) if student_lst: show_student(student_lst) main()
四、用pyinstaller生成.exe文件
pyinstaller -F 路径