RHCE 第八次作业

正则表达式和文本三剑客

 1、显示/etc/passwd文件中以bash结尾的行:                                                                                 2、找出"netstat -tan”命令的结果中，以“LISTEN’ 后跟0或多个空白字符结尾的行                           3、在/etc/fstab文件中不以#开头的行的行首增加#号                                                                     4、删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符         5、统计出apache的access.log中访问量最多的5个IP

1、显示/etc/passwd文件中以bash结尾的行:

[root@localhost ~]# grep "bash$" /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
user:x:1000:1000:user:/home/user:/bin/bash

2、找出"netstat -tan”命令的结果中，以“LISTEN’ 后跟0或多个空白字符结尾的行

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tan | grep 'LISTEN[[:space:]]*$'
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6010                :::*                    LISTEN

3、在/etc/fstab文件中不以#开头的行的行首增加#号

[root@localhost ~]# sed -r 's/^[^\#]/#&/' /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon Mar 20 09:04:17 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
#/dev/mapper/rhel_bogon-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
#UUID=bbd0a094-b667-47c5-99d1-c1540db8845d /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
#/dev/mapper/rhel_bogon-swap none                    swap    defaults        0 0
#/dev/sr0 /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

4、删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符

[root@localhost ~]# sed 's/^#[[:space:]]*//' /etc/fstab


/etc/fstab
Created by anaconda on Mon Mar 20 09:04:17 2023

Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.

After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
units generated from this file.

/dev/mapper/rhel_bogon-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=bbd0a094-b667-47c5-99d1-c1540db8845d /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel_bogon-swap none                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/sr0 /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0

5、统计出apache的access.log中访问量最多的5个IP

cat access.log|awk '{print $1}'|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -5