前言
学习完java面向对象语法后，做一个图书系统来熟悉语法。
博客主页：KC老衲爱尼姑的博客主页
共勉：talk is cheap, show me the code
作者是爪哇岛的新手，水平很有限，如果发现错误，一定要及时告知作者哦！感谢感谢！
文章目录
🚀1.需求分析
通过上图可知图书管理系统的使用者分为图书管理员以及普通用户，并且管理员与普通用户对图书系统的使用权限有所差异。但是无论是图书管理员还是普通用户都是对书籍进行操作，为此需要一个书架来存储书籍，然后使书架具备CURD功能即可，最后可以给使用者使用了。
🚀2.具体实现
🚀3.项目文件划分
创建项目后，在scr下分别创建book包，booklist,operation以及user包对所需的类进行管理，book包下为书籍类，booklist下为书架,operation下为书架的具体功能实现，user下用户所在处。
🚀4.book类
给予书籍类一些基本属性如书名，作者，价格，类型，是否被借阅等属性。
package book;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 12:57
*/
public class Book {
private String name;
private String author;
private int price;
private String type;
private boolean borrow;
public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public boolean isBorrow() {
return borrow;
}
public void setBorrow(boolean borrow) {
this.borrow = borrow;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", borrow=" + borrow +
'}';
}
}
🚀5.BookList类
所谓的书架就是存放书籍的容器，再此使用数组来存储书籍，默认书架上四大名著且只容纳10本书。我们使用userSized变量记录书架上的已有的书籍
package booklist;
import book.Book;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 13:00
*/
public class BookList {
private Book[] books=new Book[10];
private int userSized;
public BookList() {
books[0]=new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",90,"小说");
books[1]=new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",80,"小说");
books[2]=new Book("西游记","吴承恩",70,"小说");
books[3]=new Book("水浒传","施耐庵",60,"小说");
this.userSized = 4;
}
public Book getBook(int pos) {//通过pos在书架上获得图书
if(pos<0||pos>books.length){
return null;
}
return books[pos];
}
public void setBooks(int pos,Book book) {//根据pos书架上设置图书
if(pos<0||pos>books.length){
return ;
}
books[pos]=book;
}
public int getUserSized() {//获得书架已使用的空间
return userSized;
}
public void setUserSized(int userSized) {//重置书架已使用的空间
this.userSized = userSized;
}
}
🚀6.IOperations接口
该接口是对图书操作的一个规范，
package operation;
import booklist.BookList;
public interface IOperations {
void work(BookList list);
}
🚀1.新增图书功能
package operation;
import book.Book;
import booklist.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 13:13
*/
public class AddBook implements IOperations {
@Override
public void work(BookList list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要新增的书名：");
String name = sc.next();
System.out.println("请输入你要新增图书的作者：");
String author = sc.next();
System.out.println("请输入书的价格");
int price = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入你要新增图书的类型：");
String type = sc.next();
Book book = new Book(name, author, price, type);
int currentSize = list.getUserSized();
list.setBooks(currentSize, book);
list.setUserSized(currentSize + 1);
System.out.println("添加成功");
}
}
🚀2.借阅图书功能
属性borrow默认为false即未接出，只需将其置为true就表示书籍已接出。
package operation;
import book.Book;
import booklist.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 20:20
*/
public class BorrowBook implements IOperations {
@Override
public void work(BookList list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要借的书名：");
String name = sc.next();
for(int i=0;i<list.getUserSized();i++){
Book book=list.getBook(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())){
book.setBorrow(true);
System.out.println("已成功借书");
return ;
}
}
}
}
🚀3.删除图书功能
储存书籍的容器为数组，我们可以先根据书名在书架中查找书籍书否存在，若存在则在数组中将后面的书籍覆盖要删除的书籍即可。
package operation;
import book.Book;
import booklist.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 13:12
*/
public class DeleteBook implements IOperations {
@Override
public void work(BookList list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("删除图书！");
System.out.println("请输入你要删除的图书：");
String name = sc.next();
int i=0;
int index=0;
for ( i = 0; i < list.getUserSized(); i++) {
Book book = list.getBook(i);
if (name.equals(book.getName())) {
index = i;
break;
}
}
if (i>=list.getUserSized()) {
System.out.println("没有找到此书");
return ;
}
for (int j = index; j < list.getUserSized(); j++) {
Book book=list.getBook(j+1);
list.setBooks(j,book);
}
list.setBooks(list.getUserSized()-1,null);//将没有书籍的位置置null，避免内存泄露
list.setUserSized(list.getUserSized()-1);
System.out.println(name+"删除了");
}
}
🚀4.退出系统功能
使用System的exit()方法终止JVM的运行，就是结束退出系统。exit中的参数非0表示异常终止。
package operation;
import booklist.BookList;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 20:18
*/
public class ExitOperation implements IOperations {
@Override
public void work(BookList list) {
System.exit(0);
System.out.println("退出成功！");
}
}
🚀5.归还图书功能
将该图书的属性borrow置为false即可。
package operation;
import book.Book;
import booklist.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 20:12
*/
public class ReturnBook implements IOperations {
@Override
public void work(BookList list) {
System.out.println("归还图书");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("情书输入你要归还图书的书名：");
String name = sc.next();
int currentSize= list.getUserSized();
for(int i=0;i<currentSize;i++){
Book book = list.getBook(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())){
book.setBorrow(false);
System.out.println("归还成功");
return ;
}
}
}
}
🚀6.查找图书功能
根据书名在书籍查找图书即可。
package operation;
import book.Book;
import booklist.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 13:12
*/
public class SearchBook implements IOperations {
@Override
public void work(BookList list) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要查找的书名：");
String name=sc.next();
for(int i=0;i<list.getUserSized();i++){
Book book=list.getBook(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())){
System.out.println("找到啦");
System.out.println(book);
return ;
}
}
System.out.println("很遗憾,没有找到！");
}
}
🚀7.显示图书功能
因为图书类已经重写了toString()方法，只需遍历书架上的图书将 其打印出来就能得到图书的信息。
package operation;
import booklist.BookList;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 13:15
*/
public class ShowBook implements IOperations {
@Override
public void work(BookList list) {
System.out.println("显示图书：");
for(int i=0;i<list.getUserSized();i++){
System.out.println(list.getBook(i));
}
}
}
🚀8.User
图书管理员以及普通用户都是用户，故定义一个父类，在User中定义基本属性name，并提供构造器。由于图书管理员与普通用户的权限不同，也就是登录到系统时所遇到的菜单是不一致得到，所以定义一个抽象的menu()方法供子类具体实现。有因为图书管理员和普通用户的功能不一致，为此在父类中提供一个doOperation()方法，可以根据用户在菜单的选择去调用对应的方法。
package user;
import booklist.BookList;
import operation.IOperations;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 13:15
*/
public abstract class User {
protected String name;
protected IOperations [] ip;
public abstract int menu();
public User(String name){
this.name=name;
}
public void doOperation(int choice, BookList List){
this.ip[choice].work(List);
}
}
🚀8.1RootUser类
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 12:57
*/
public class RootUser extends User {
public RootUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.ip = new IOperations[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new SearchBook(),
new AddBook(),
new DeleteBook(),
new ShowBook()
};
}
@Override
public int menu() {
System.out.println(this.name + "欢迎来到图书馆");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("1.查找图书：");
System.out.println("2.新增图书：");
System.out.println("3.删除图书：");
System.out.println("4.显示图书：");
System.out.println("0.退出图书：");
System.out.println("请输入你的选择：");
int choice = sc.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
🚀8.2NormalUser类
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 12:56
*/
public class NormalUser extends User{
public NormalUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.ip=new IOperations[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new SearchBook(),
new BorrowBook(),
new ReturnBook(),
};
}
@Override
public int menu() {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println(this.name+"欢迎来到图书馆");
System.out.println("1.查找图书：");
System.out.println("2.借阅图书：");
System.out.println("3.归还图书：");
System.out.println("0.退出图书：");
System.out.println("请输入你的选择：");
int choice=sc.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
🚀9.系统启动类
提供login方法根据id确定使用者的身份，最后将用户的选择和书架传入doOperation()方法即可。
import booklist.BookList;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.RootUser;
import user.User;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* truth:talk is cheap, show me the code
*
* @author KC萧寒
* @description
* @createDate: 2022-05-19 20:50
*/
public class Start {
public static void main(String[] args) {
User use=login();
BookList list=new BookList();
while (true){
int chiose=use.menu();//利用多态对书架操作
use.doOperation(chiose,list);
}
}
private static User login() {//根据id判断用户对象
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你的姓名：");
String name = sc.next();
System.out.println("请输入你的身份：1-》管理员,0-》普通用户");
int id = sc.nextInt();
if (id == 1) {
return new RootUser(name);
} else {
return new NormalUser(name);
}
}
}
最后的话
各位看官如果觉得文章写得不错，点赞评论关注走一波！谢谢啦！
1万+
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
