方式一:继承 java.lang.Thread 类(线程子类)
public class SubThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
System.out.println("子线程" + i + " ");
}
}
}
// 主线程main
public class MultiThread {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建并启动子线程
SubThread thd = new SubThread();
thd.start();
//主线程继续同时向下执行
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
System.out.println("主线程" + i + " ");
}
}
}
方式二:实现 java.lang.Runnable 接口(线程执行类)
public class SubThread implements Runnable {
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
System.out.println("子线程" + i + " ");
}
}
}
// 主线程 main
public class MultiThread {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建并启动子线程
Thread t = new Thread(new SubThread());
t.start();
//主线程继续同时向下执行
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
System.out.println("主线程" + i + " ");
}
}
}
方式三:实现 java.util.concurrent.Callable 接口,允许子线程返回结果、抛出异常
package com.apesource.yuan6;
//线程创建方式3:实现Callable接口
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
public class test4 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
//Callable接口实现类:不同数据范围的计算任务
SumCalcTask task1=new SumCalcTask(0, 400);
SumCalcTask task2=new SumCalcTask(401, 700);
SumCalcTask task3=new SumCalcTask(701, 1000);
//Callable-->Future Task(Runnable)接口实现类
FutureTask<Integer> futuretask1=new FutureTask<Integer>(task1);
FutureTask<Integer> futuretask2=new FutureTask<Integer>(task2);
FutureTask<Integer> futuretask3=new FutureTask<Integer>(task3);
//创建并启动线程
Thread thread1=new Thread(futuretask1);
Thread thread2=new Thread(futuretask2);
Thread thread3=new Thread(futuretask3);
//线程启动
//futuretask1.run();=>callable.call=>结果-->outcome
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
thread3.start();
//线程执行结束,分别获取各自线程的返回结果
System.out.println("开始分别获取......");
Integer ret1=futuretask1.get();
Integer ret2=futuretask2.get();
Integer ret3=futuretask3.get();
//汇总
System.out.println("汇总各自计算结果");
Integer result=ret1+ret2+ret3;
System.out.println(result);
}
}
class SumCalcTask implements Callable<Integer>{
private int begin,end;
public SumCalcTask(int begin,int end) {
this.begin=begin;
this.end=end;
}
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
int ret=0;
for(int i=begin;i<=end;i++) {
ret+=i;
}
return ret;
}
}
方式四:线程池
线程池,按照配置参数(核心线程数、最大线程数等)创建并管理若干线程对象。程序中如果需要使用线程,将一个执行任务传给线程池,线程池就会使用一个空闲状态的线程来执行这个任务。执行结束以后,该线程并不会死亡,而是再次返回线程池中成为空闲状态,等待执行下一个任务。使用线程池可以很好地提高性能。
package com.apesource.yuan6;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
//线程创建方式4:通过线程池创建
public class test5 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//固定数量的线程池
ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
//不确定数量的线程请求
while(true){
//向线程池提交一个执行任务(Runnable接口实现类对象)
//线程池分配一个“空闲线程”执行该任务
//如果没有空闲线程,则该任务进入“等待队列(工作队列)”
executorService.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);//当前线程休眠1000毫秒
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
}
}