OSFP协议配置实验

实验目的：

（1）理解OSPF；

（2）掌握OSPF的配置方法；

（3）掌握查看OSPF协议的相关信息。

实验器材：

Cisco packet

实验内容：

实验步骤：

（1）布置拓扑：

（2）成功布置拓扑：

（3）配置主机IP地址：

1. 路由器配置：

路由器R0：

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#int g0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#int g0/1

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#int s0/3/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

路由器R1：

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#int g0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#int g0/1

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#int s0/3/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

路由器R2：

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#int g0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.190.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#int g0/1

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.90.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#int s0/2/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.50.2 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#int s0/2/1

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.60.2 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

路由器R3：

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#int g0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.190.2 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#int g0/1

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

路由器R4：

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#int g0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.90.2 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#int g0/1

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

（5）封装OSPF协议

路由器R0：

Router(config)#route ospf ?

  <1-65535>  Process ID

Router(config)#route ospf 1

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

路由器R1：

Router(config)#route ospf 1

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

路由器R2：

Router(config)#route ospf 1

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.90.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.190.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

6.使用主机PC0ping主机PC1,2，5,6

C:\>ping 192.168.20.11

Pinging 192.168.20.11 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.

Reply from 192.168.20.11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127

Reply from 192.168.20.11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127

Reply from 192.168.20.11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127

Ping statistics for 192.168.20.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

C:\>ping 192.168.100.11

Pinging 192.168.100.11 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.10.1: Destination host unreachable.

Reply from 192.168.10.1: Destination host unreachable.

Reply from 192.168.10.1: Destination host unreachable.

Reply from 192.168.10.1: Destination host unreachable.

Ping statistics for 192.168.100.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

C:\>ping 192.168.200.11

Pinging 192.168.200.11 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.10.1: Destination host unreachable.

Request timed out.

Reply from 192.168.10.1: Destination host unreachable.

Reply from 192.168.10.1: Destination host unreachable.

Ping statistics for 192.168.200.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss)

（7）配置静态路由：

路由器4：

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.90.1

路由器3：

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.190.1

1. 验证主机联通：

主机PC0ping主机PC5,4

C:\>ping 192.168.200.11

Pinging 192.168.200.11 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.200.11: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.200.11: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.200.11: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.200.11: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.200.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 3ms, Average = 2ms

C:\>ping 192.168.100.11

Pinging 192.168.100.11 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.

Reply from 192.168.100.11: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.100.11: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=125

Reply from 192.168.100.11: bytes=32 time=7ms TTL=125

Ping statistics for 192.168.100.11:

    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

    Minimum = 3ms, Maximum = 7ms, Average = 4ms

实验结果（附数据和图表）：

实验结果分析及结论：

结果分析：OSPF协议可以实现全网的通信，能够在大规模的网络环境中提供有效的路由服务，其配置需要精确的规划。配置了多个路由器之间的OSPF协议，确保了它们之间能够互相学习路由信息，并正确地传递给主机，也可以实现不同区域间的路由传递，保证网络的连通性和效率。

实验心得体会和建议：

通过OSFP协议配置的实验，理解了OSPF协议的重要性，增加实践操作的经验积累，培养了故障排查的能力，与此同时，也掌握多种路由协议。

学会了如何设置路由器参数，如路由器ID、接口IP地址、区域号等，以及如何调试和监控网络，使用ping命令和其他工具来排查网络故障，确保通信的可靠性。模拟环境中进行实验的同时，尝试将所学知识应用到真实网络环境中，以增强实践经验。

通过这次实验，不仅提高了对OSPF协议的理论认识，还增强了实际操作能力和问题解决能力。这些经验和体会将对未来的网络学习和实践大有裨益。