HCIA第二次静态路由实验

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已于 2023-01-02 23:52:11 修改

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于 2022-07-11 20:39:39 首次发布

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实验要求：

除R5的换回地址已固定外，整个其他所有的网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理的IP规划
R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，用于模拟链接PC的网段；地址也在192.168.1.0/24这个网段范围内。
R1-R4上不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问。
全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器，路由表条目的数量；避免环路出现。
R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M。

实验拓扑结构：

实验过程：

1.拓扑结构——IP设计

（ 4个用户+1个骨干）

192.168.1.0/27——骨干(192.168.1.0/30 192.168.1.4/30 192.168.1.8/30 192.168.1.12/30 192.168.1.16/30 192.168.1.20/30 192.168.1.24/30 192.168.1.28/30 ）

192.168.1.32/27——R1 (192.168.1.32/28 192.168.1.48/28)

192.168.1.64/27——R2 (192.168.1.64/28 192.168.1.80/28)

192.168.1.96/27——R3 (192.168.1.96/28 192.168.1.112/28)

192.168.1.128/27——R4 (192.168.1.128/28 192.168.1.144/28)

2.配置路由器

配置路由接口IP-配置静态路由-配置缺省路由

R1：

1.配置路由接口IP
<Huawei>system-view 	
[Huawei]sysname R1	//改名
[R1]interface LoopBack 0//创建环回接口0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28//配环回接口网关IP
[R1-LoopBack0]quit 
[R1]interface LoopBack 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30//配置骨干接口的IP
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30

2.配置静态路由：
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6

3.配置缺省路由：
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

配置空接口（防止环路出现）
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

R2：

1.配置路由接口IP：
<Huawei>system-view 	
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]interface LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R2]interface LoopBack 1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30

2.配置静态路由：
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10

3.配置缺省路由:
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

配置空接口（防止环路出现）
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

R3：

1.配置路由接口IP
<R3>system-view 
[R3]interface LoopBack 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.97 28
[R3]interface LoopBack 1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.113 28

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30

2.配置静态路由：
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

4.配置缺省路由：
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

配置空接口（防止环路出现）
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0

R4：

1.配置路由接口IP
<Huawei>system-view 
[Huawei]sysname R4
[R4]interface LoopBack 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[R4]interface LoopBack 1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28


[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30
[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30
[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30
[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 3/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet3/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.21 30

2.配置静态路由：
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9

3.配置缺省路由：
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

配置浮动静态：
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61

配置空接口（防止环路出现）
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

R5：

1.配置路由接口IP
<Huawei>system-view 
[Huawei]sysname R5
[R5]interface LoopBack 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.5 24

[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30
[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.22 30

2.配置静态路由：
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17

配置浮动静态：
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61