sizeof函数和strlen函数，字符宽度和保留小数位数

本篇主要讲两个函数的简单应用和字符宽度及保留小数

sizeof返回字符串或数组等的大小，strlen是string.h中的函数，返回字符串的大小

name是数组名，也是一个指针，指向数组首元素的地址。能存储39个非空字符，一般至少留一个位置用于存储'\0'构成字符串

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define DENSITY 62.4
int main(void)
{
	float weight, volume;
	int size, letters;
	char name[40];

	printf("What's your first name?\n ");
	scanf_s("%s", name);
	printf("%s,what's your weight in pounds?\n", name);
	scanf_s("%f", &weight);
	size = sizeof(name);
	letters = strlen(name);
	volume = weight / DENSITY;
	printf("Well,%s,your volume is % 2.2f cubic feet.\n", name, volume);
	printf("Also,your first name has %d letters.\n", letters);
	printf("We have %d bytes to store it.\n", size);
	return 0;
}

上面是一个简单的交互程序。

scanf_s("%s", name);

name作为一个指针，不用使用&，否则将是错误的选择。

size = sizeof(name);

sizeof返回的是数组的大小，可以看出最后一行的结果是40

strlen则返回字符串的实际长度，不包括'\0'

第一个2代表字符宽度，第2个2代表两位小数，中间用小数点分隔

% 2.2f

What's your first name?
 LE
LE,what's your weight in pounds?
67
Well,LE,your volume is  1.07 cubic feet.
Also,your first name has 2 letters.
We have 40 bytes to store it.

--------------------------------
Process exited after 7.066 seconds with return value 0
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