编写程序，使用Linux操作系统中的信号量机制模拟实现生产者-消费者问题。设有一个生产者可以生产水果并放入缓冲区（最多只能放10个水果），有一个消费者，不断从缓冲区中取出水果，并吃掉水果。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>

#define MAX_FRUITS 10

struct semun {
    int val;
    struct semid_ds *buf;
    unsigned short *array;
};

void sem_init(int semid, int sem_num, int val) {
    struct semun arg;
    arg.val = val;
    if (semctl(semid, sem_num, SETVAL, arg) == -1) {
        perror("semctl");
        exit(1);
    }
}

void sem_wait(int semid, int sem_num) {
    struct sembuf sb;
    sb.sem_num = sem_num;
    sb.sem_op = -1;
    sb.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
    if (semop(semid, &sb, 1) == -1) {
        perror("semop");
        exit(1);
    }
}

void sem_signal(int semid, int sem_num) {
    struct sembuf sb;
    sb.sem_num = sem_num;
    sb.sem_op = 1;
    sb.sem_flg = SEM_UNDO;
    if (semop(semid, &sb, 1) == -1) {
        perror("semop");
        exit(1);
    }
}

int main() {
    int semid, num_fruits;
    key_t key;
    pid_t pid;

    /* Create a new semaphore set */
    key = ftok(".", 's');
    semid = semget(key, 2, 0666 | IPC_CREAT);
    if (semid == -1) {
        perror("semget");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* Initialize the semaphore values */
    sem_init(semid, 0, MAX_FRUITS); /* Available buffer slots */
    sem_init(semid, 1, 0); /* Number of fruits in buffer */

    /* Fork a new process to act as the producer */
    pid = fork();
    if (pid == -1) {
        perror("fork");
        exit(1);
    }
    if (pid == 0) {
        /* Producer code */
        while (1) {
            sem_wait(semid, 0); /* Wait for an available buffer slot */
            printf("Producer: adding fruit to buffer\n");
            num_fruits++;
            sem_signal(semid, 1); /* Increment number of fruits in buffer */
            sleep(1);
        }
    } else {
        /* Consumer code */
        while (1) {
            sem_wait(semid, 1); /* Wait for a fruit in the buffer */
            printf("Consumer: eating a fruit from buffer\n");
            num_fruits--;
            sem_signal(semid, 0); /* Increment available buffer slots */
            sleep(1);
        }
    }
    /* Remove the semaphore set */
    if(semctl(semid, 0, IPC_RMID, 0) == -1) {
        perror("semctl");
        exit(1);
    }

    return 0;
}
//gcc -o prodcons prodcons.c -lpthread