《SpringMVC入门》SpringMVC工作原理

一、Springmvc简介及其配置

        1.1 导入pom依赖

        1.2 配置框架文件

        1.3 建立hello页面

        1.4 建立Controller类

        1.5 配置web.xml

        1.6 配置tomcat服务

二、使用Springmvc实现helloword

三、Springmvc工作原理

四、Springmvc常用注解及其返回值的处理

五、Spring做静态资源的映射

配置tomcat服务器：

添加tomcat

 选择第一个Tomcat ---> 选择Local

 点击配置：

选择到本地的tomcat配置上： 

配置好Server： 

一、helloworld实现
1. 什么是springMVC?
   Spring Web MVC是一种基于Java的实现了MVC设计模式的、请求驱动类型的、轻量级Web框架。

2. SpringMVC处理请求的流程
  2.1 首先用户发送请求-->DispatherServlet

  2.2 DispatcherServlet-->HandlerMapping

  2.3 DispatcherServlet-->HandlerAdapter

  2.4 HandlerAdapter-->处理器功能处理方法的调用

  2.5 ModelAndView的逻辑视图名-->ViewRecolver

  2.6 View-->渲染

  2.7 返回控制权给DispatcherServlet，由DispatcherServlet返回呼应给用户，流程结束

5. 如何在项目中添加springmvc

  5.1 添加相关pom依赖
jsp文件中c标签的使用

      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>jstl</groupId>
          <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
          <version>1.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
          <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
          <version>1.1.2</version>
      </dependency>

在WEB-INF下添加springmvc-servlet.xml(spring-mvc.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!-- 通过context:component-scan元素扫描指定包下的控制器-->
    <!--1) 扫描com.javaxl.zf及子子孙孙包下的控制器(扫描范围过大，耗时)-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.javaxl.ssm"/>
 
    <!--2) 此标签默认注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter -->
    <!--两个bean，这两个bean是spring MVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的。并提供了数据绑定支持，-->
    <!--@NumberFormatannotation支持，@DateTimeFormat支持，@Valid支持，读写XML的支持（JAXB），读写JSON的支持（Jackson）-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
 
    <!--3) ViewResolver -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- viewClass需要在pom中引入两个包：standard.jar and jstl.jar -->
        <property name="viewClass"
                  value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
 
    <!--4) 单独处理图片、样式、js等资源 -->
    <!--<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>-->
    <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>
    <!--<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>-->
 
 
</beans>

 修改web.xml：

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 读取Spring上下文的监听器 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
 
  <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--此参数可以不配置，默认值为：/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    <!--web.xml 3.0的新特性，是否支持异步-->
    <async-supported>true</async-supported>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

 HelloController :

、package com.leaf.ssm.controller;
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 
/**
 * 被controller标记的类 会交给 spring 进行管理
 * @Controller
 * @Service
 * @Repository
 * @Component
 * 以上四个都代表 当前类 交给Spring容器进行管理
 */
 
@Controller
public class HelloController {
 
//    自定义mvc：浏览器发送请求 http://localhost:8080/hello.action?methodName=hello
//    springmvc：浏览器发送请求 http://localhost:8080/helloReq
//    此处是下面的简写版
    @RequestMapping("/helloReq")
    public String hello(){
        System.out.println("hello springmvc...");
//        /hello.jsp
        return "hello";
    }
 
    @RequestMapping("/hello2")
    public ModelAndView hello2(HttpServletRequest req){
        ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
        mv.setViewName("hello");
        mv.addObject("msg","success");
        return mv;
    }
}

 Hello.jsp:

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2022/8/16
  Time: 17:26
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
SpringMVC 你好
${msg}
</body>
</html>

二、SpringMVC的工作原理

1、浏览器发送请求到中央控制器Dispatcherservlet
2、中央控制器DispatcherServlet通过处理器映射器HandlerMapping找到处理器适配器HandlerAdapter
3、执行HandlerAdapter，返回值ModelAndView回传给DispatcherServlet
4、视图解析器viewResolver会对 返回值ModelAndView进行渲染，得到view视图对象
5、最后DispatcherServlet会将view视图对象返回给用户

三、CRUD执常用注解及返回值
通过crud进行讲解
Controller

Requestmapping

Requestparam

传参
BookController :

package com.leaf.ssm.controller;
 
import com.leaf.ssm.biz.BookBiz;
import com.leaf.ssm.model.Book;
import com.leaf.ssm.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
 
/**
 * @RequestMapping 加在 类上面，称窄化路径，其实相当于包的概念
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    private BookBiz bookBiz;
 
//    http://localhost:8080/book/list
    @RequestMapping
//    @GetMapping=@RequestMapping(value = "/list",method = RequestMethod.GET)
//    @PostMapping
//    @DeleteMapping
//    @PutMapping
    public String hello(HttpServletRequest req){
        System.out.println("hello springmvc...");
        PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
        pageBean.setRequest(req);
        Map map=new HashMap();
        String bname = req.getParameter("bname");
        map.put("bname",bname);
        List<Map> maps = this.bookBiz.listPager(map, pageBean);
        req.setAttribute("lst",maps);
        return "hello";
    }
 
    @RequestMapping("/add")
    public String add(Book book){
        this.bookBiz.insertSelective(book);
        return "redirect:/book/list";
    }
 
    @RequestMapping("/edit")
    public String edit(Book book){
        this.bookBiz.insertSelective(book);
        return "redirect:/book/list";
    }
 
    @RequestMapping("/del/{bid}")
    public String del(@PathVariable("bid") Integer bid){
        this.bookBiz.deleteByPrimaryKey(bid);
        return "redirect:/book/list";
    }
}

index.jsp:

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2022/8/16
  Time: 21:52
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/list?bname=圣墟">查询所有</a>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/add?bid=2&bname=sb&price=9.9">增加</a>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/edit?bid=2&bname=suibian&price=9.8">修改</a>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/2">删除</a>
</body>
</html>