对Arduino MFRC522库中的ReadNUID示例(可用于读取卡号)进行了详细的注释,供大家参考。如有错误还请指正!
如使用ESP32,接线采用VSPI,对照见下图。
使用该方式后需将代码中的SS_PIN 10更改为SS_PIN 5,RST_PIN 9更改为RST_PIN 27
/*
* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Example sketch/program showing how to read new NUID from a PICC to serial.
* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* This is a MFRC522 library example; for further details and other examples see: https://github.com/miguelbalboa/rfid
*
* Example sketch/program showing how to the read data from a PICC (that is: a RFID Tag or Card) using a MFRC522 based RFID
* Reader on the Arduino SPI interface.
*
* When the Arduino and the MFRC522 module are connected (see the pin layout below), load this sketch into Arduino IDE
* then verify/compile and upload it. To see the output: use Tools, Serial Monitor of the IDE (hit Ctrl+Shft+M). When
* you present a PICC (that is: a RFID Tag or Card) at reading distance of the MFRC522 Reader/PCD, the serial output
* will show the type, and the NUID if a new card has been detected. Note: you may see "Timeout in communication" messages
* when removing the PICC from reading distance too early.
*
* @license Released into the public domain.
* "上面是一些介绍"
* Typical pin layout used:
* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* MFRC522 Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino
* Reader/PCD Uno/101 Mega Nano v3 Leonardo/Micro Pro Micro
* Signal Pin Pin Pin Pin Pin Pin
* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* RST/Reset RST 9 5 D9 RESET/ICSP-5 RST
* SPI SS SDA(SS) 10 53 D10 10 10
* SPI MOSI MOSI 11 / ICSP-4 51 D11 ICSP-4 16
* SPI MISO MISO 12 / ICSP-1 50 D12 ICSP-1 14
* SPI SCK SCK 13 / ICSP-3 52 D13 ICSP-3 15
-----------------------------------------------------------------
RC522 --> ESP32
SS --> GPIO5
SCK --> GPIO18
MOSI --> GPIO23
MISO --> GPIO19
IRQ --> 中断(可不接)
GND --> GND
RST --> GPIO27(复位)
VCC --> 3.3V
-----------------------------------------------------------------
*"^^^^^^引脚接线说明^^^^^^
* More pin layouts for other boards can be found here: https://github.com/miguelbalboa/rfid#pin-layout
*/
#include <SPI.h> //包含SPI库
#include <MFRC522.h> //包含MFRC522库
#define SS_PIN 10 //定义引脚,SPI中的SDA(SS)
#define RST_PIN 9 //定义引脚,复位
MFRC522 rfid(SS_PIN, RST_PIN); // Instance of the class 类的实例
MFRC522::MIFARE_Key key; //使用类 MFRC522 中定义的结构体MIFARE_Key 声明一个结构体变量key,主要是用来存储密钥
// Init array that will store new NUID 将存储新 NUID 的初始化数组
byte nuidPICC[4]; //用来存储NUID
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); //初始化串口
SPI.begin(); // Init SPI bus 初始化SPI
rfid.PCD_Init(); // Init MFRC522 初始化MFRC522
for (byte i = 0; i < 6; i++) { //将密钥写入用于存储密钥的数组
key.keyByte[i] = 0xFF; //默认密钥 FF FF FF FF FF FF
}
Serial.println(F("This code scan the MIFARE Classsic NUID.")); //打印“此代码扫描 MIFARE Classsic NUID。”
Serial.print(F("Using the following key:")); //打印“使用以下密钥:”
printHex(key.keyByte, MFRC522::MF_KEY_SIZE); //以十六进制打印密钥,第一个参数为密钥,第二个参数为密钥大小
}
void loop() {
// Reset the loop if no new card present on the sensor/reader. This saves the entire process when idle.
// 如果传感器/读卡器上没有新卡,则重置环路。这样可以在空闲时保存整个过程。
if ( ! rfid.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) //如果没有新卡返回0,因为有运算符!表达式(! rfid.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())为1,执行 return
return;
// Verify if the NUID has been readed 验证是否已读取 NUID
if ( ! rfid.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) //如果没读取NUID返回0,同上
return;
Serial.print(F("PICC type: "));
MFRC522::PICC_Type piccType = rfid.PICC_GetType(rfid.uid.sak); //应该是打印IC类型时需要做的一步转换
Serial.println(rfid.PICC_GetTypeName(piccType)); //打印IC卡类型
// Check is the PICC of Classic MIFARE type
// 检查是经典MIFARE类型的外周中心
if (piccType != MFRC522::PICC_TYPE_MIFARE_MINI && //读取到的卡如果不是这3种类型的卡,执行return
piccType != MFRC522::PICC_TYPE_MIFARE_1K &&
piccType != MFRC522::PICC_TYPE_MIFARE_4K) {
Serial.println(F("Your tag is not of type MIFARE Classic.")); //您的标签不是 MIFARE 经典类型。
return;
}
if (rfid.uid.uidByte[0] != nuidPICC[0] || //比对读取到的卡号是否与之前保存的相同
rfid.uid.uidByte[1] != nuidPICC[1] ||
rfid.uid.uidByte[2] != nuidPICC[2] ||
rfid.uid.uidByte[3] != nuidPICC[3] ) {
Serial.println(F("A new card has been detected.")); //打印“检测到新卡。”
// Store NUID into nuidPICC array 将 NUID 存储到 nuidPICC 数组中
for (byte i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
nuidPICC[i] = rfid.uid.uidByte[i]; //保存卡号到数组
}
Serial.println(F("The NUID tag is:")); //NUID 标记是:
Serial.print(F("In hex: ")); //十六进制
printHex(rfid.uid.uidByte, rfid.uid.size); //以十六进制打印卡号
Serial.println();
Serial.print(F("In dec: ")); //十进制
printDec(rfid.uid.uidByte, rfid.uid.size); //以十进制打印卡号
Serial.println();
}
else Serial.println(F("Card read previously.")); //否则打印“以前读过的卡。”
// Halt PICC 停止PICC
rfid.PICC_HaltA();
// Stop encryption on PCD 停止 PCD 上的加密
rfid.PCD_StopCrypto1();
}
/**
* Helper routine to dump a byte array as hex values to Serial.
将字节数组作为十六进制值转储到串行的帮助程序例程。
*/
void printHex(byte *buffer, byte bufferSize) {
for (byte i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++) {
Serial.print(buffer[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " ");
Serial.print(buffer[i], HEX);
}
}
/**
* Helper routine to dump a byte array as dec values to Serial.
将字节数组作为十进制值转储到串行的帮助程序例程。
*/
void printDec(byte *buffer, byte bufferSize) {
for (byte i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++) {
Serial.print(buffer[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " ");
Serial.print(buffer[i], DEC);
}
}