Stream流操作

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于 2024-09-17 21:36:38 发布

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文章标签： java Stream

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_64353233/article/details/142319348

版权

准备工作

准备 Gender 枚举类以及 Customer 类

enum Gender {
    MALE("男性"), FEMALE("女性");
    private String value;

    Gender() {
    }

    Gender(String value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Gender{" +
        "value='" + value + '\'' +
        '}';
    }
}

class Customer {
    private String name;
    private Gender gender;

    public Customer() {
    }

    public Customer(String name, Gender gender) {
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Gender getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(Gender gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer{" +
        "name='" + name + '\'' +
        ", gender=" + gender +
        '}';
    }
}

Stream 介绍

java.util.Stream表示能应用在一组元素上一次执行的操作序列。
Stream操作分为中间操作或者最终操作两种，最终操作返回一特定类型的计算结果，而中间操作返回Stream本身，可以连续完成多个操作。

创建 Stream 流

创建数据流的方式一

//        创建数据流方法一 使用集合.stream()
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("c", "c++", "c#", "java", "python", "go", "php", "html", "visual basic", "visual basic", "visual basic", "basic", "basic", "b");
list.stream();

创建数据流的方式二

//        创建数据流方法二 使用Stream.of()
Stream<String> stream2 = Stream.of("C", "C++", "c#", "Java", "python", "Go", "php", "html", "visual basic", "visual basic", "visual basic", "basic", "basic", "B");

常用方法

1. forEach 遍历方法

重写 Consumer 函数式接口中的 apply() 方法

List<String> list = Arrays.asList("c", "c++", "c#", "java", "python", "go", "php", "html", "visual basic", "visual basic", "visual basic", "basic", "basic", "b");
Stream<String> stream1 = list.stream();
stream1.forEach(System.out::println);

2. filter 过滤方法

按照条件过滤掉出我们需要的数据

List<String> list = Arrays.asList("c", "c++", "c#", "java", "python", "go", "php", "html", "visual basic", "visual basic", "visual basic", "basic", "basic", "b");
Stream<String> stream1 = list.stream();
stream1.filter((lang) -> {
    return lang.length() > 3;
})
.distinct()  //去重
.forEach(System.out::println);

3. sorted 排序方法

重写Comparator函数式接口中的compare()方法

Stream<String> stream2 = Stream.of("C", "C++", "c#", "Java", "python", "Go", "php", "html", "visual basic", "visual basic", "visual basic", "basic", "basic", "B");
//        获得包含大写字母的并且排序
stream2.filter((lang) -> {
    for (int i = 0; i < lang.length(); i++) {
        if (lang.charAt(i) >= 'A' && lang.charAt(i) <= 'Z') {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}).sorted((o1, o2) -> {
    int compare = o1.compareTo(o2);
    if (compare == 0) {
        return o1.length() - o2.length();
    } else {
        return compare;
    }
}).forEach((lang) -> {
    System.out.println(lang);
});

4. map 映射方法

映射对流中的数据进行处理（加减乘除等等操作）

// 将集合中的数据每个都 +1
List<Integer> numList = Arrays.asList(90, 100, 10, 20, 30, 50, 60, 70, 80);
numList.stream().map((num) -> {
    return num + 1;
}).forEach(System.out::println);

5. match 匹配方法

返回值是一个 boolean 类型
重写函数式接口Predicate接口中的 test()方法

allMatch()全部匹配，只有集合中的数据全部匹配我们的条件才会返回 true

List<String> strings = Arrays.asList("abc", "defs", "gkh", "abc");
boolean bool = strings.stream().allMatch((s) -> {
    return s.length() == 3;
});
System.out.println(bool);

运行结果为 false 因为有一个数据的长度是 4

anyMatch()部分匹配，只要集合中的数据有一个匹配我们的条件就返回 true

List<String> strings = Arrays.asList("abc", "defs", "gkh", "abc");

boolean bool = strings.stream().anyMatch((s) -> {
    return s.length() == 3;
});
System.out.println(bool);

6. count 计数方法

用来统计个数类似于 sql中的聚合函数 count

/**
         * 计数 count()
         * 统计所有女生的数量
         */
List<Customer> customerList = Arrays.asList(
    new Customer("白骨精", Gender.FEMALE),
    new Customer("女儿国国王", Gender.FEMALE),
    new Customer("擎天柱", Gender.MALE),
    new Customer("蛇精", Gender.FEMALE),
    new Customer("金刚葫芦娃", Gender.MALE));
//        先过滤在统计
long count = customerList.stream().filter((customer) -> {
    return customer.getGender().equals(Gender.MALE);
}).count();
System.out.println(count);

7. collect 收集方法

toMap() 收集每个元素的长度（元素为 key，长度为 value）转换成一个 map

Map<String, Integer> map = Stream.of("C", "C++", "c#", "Java", "python", "Go", "php", "html", "visual basic", "visual basic", "visual basic", "basic", "basic", "B")
.distinct() //去重 因为这里不能做到覆盖操作 键重复会报错
.collect(Collectors.toMap((s) -> {
    return s;
}, (s) -> {
    return s.length();
}));
System.out.println(map);

mapping()映射方法

将 Stirng 类型的元素转换成 int 类型并且都乘以 100

List<Integer> integerList = Stream.of("10", "20", "60", "50", "70", "90")
.collect(Collectors.mapping((s) -> {
    return Integer.parseInt(s) * 100;
}, Collectors.toList()));
integerList.forEach(System.out::println);

groupingBy()分组操作，可按条件分为若干组

按照元素的长度分组

Stream.of("C", "C++", "c#", "Java", "python", "Go", "php", "html", "visual basic", "visual basic", "visual basic", "basic", "basic", "B")
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy((s) -> {
    return s.length();   // 按照元素的长度分组
}))
.forEach((k, v) -> {
    System.out.println(k + ":" + v);
});

按照元素的首字母分组

Stream.of("C", "C++", "c#", "Java", "python", "Go", "php", "html", "visual basic", "visual basic", "visual basic", "basic", "basic", "B")
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy((s) -> {
    return s.charAt(0);
}))
.forEach((k, v) -> {
    System.out.println(k + ":" + v);
});

partitioningBy()分区操作将元素按条件分为两区，一区是符合条件的，一区是不符合条件的

Stream.of("C", "C++", "c#", "Java", "python", "Go", "php", "html", "visual basic", "visual basic", "visual basic", "basic", "basic", "B")
.collect(Collectors.partitioningBy((s) -> {
    return s.length() >= 3;
})).forEach((k, v) -> {
    System.out.println(k + ":" + v);
});

8. 统计操作

常见的有 mapToInt()、mapToDouble()、mapToLong()

这里使用的是mapToInt()

统计操作可以获得元素的最大值、最小值、平均值、累加值、以及元素个数

List<Integer> numList1 = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);
//        stream ==> IntStream
IntStream intStream = numList1.stream().mapToInt((n) -> {
    return n;
});
//        获得统计结果
IntSummaryStatistics statistics = intStream.summaryStatistics();
System.out.println("最大值" + statistics.getMax());
System.out.println("最小值" + statistics.getMin());
System.out.println("平均值" + statistics.getAverage());
System.out.println("累加值" + statistics.getSum());
System.out.println("元素个数" + statistics.getCount());