目录
一、转发是什么?
用户发送数据请求到服务器,服务器接收当前请求,会调用内部方式(转发)处理该请求,最终把响应给客户端
二、转发的特征
①转发是服务器的行为
②浏览器在这个过程中只有一次行为
③转发可以带有数据 request对象中
④url不会发生任何的变化
-
核心代码也只有一行
request.getRequestDispatcher(“main.jsp”).forward(request,response);
//这一行代码就表示进行了转发,url没有变,但是响应的结果却是一次请求干了两个活
三、代码分析
(1)login.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--请求ForwardServlet--%>
<form action="forward" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username"/><br>
<input type="text" name="password"/><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
(2)ForwardServlet
package com.by.servlet; /**
* <p>Project: javaweb - ${NAME}</p>
* <p>Powered by webrx On 2023-12-26 14:45:07</p>
* <p>描述:<p>
*
* @author 简单遗忘 [814736551@qq.com]
* @version 1.0
* @since 17
*/
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;
public class ForwardServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//防止乱码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
//将接收的参数 放到 request的属性中去
request.setAttribute("username",username);
request.setAttribute("password",password);
//转发:是①转发是服务器的行为
//②浏览器在这个过程中只有一次行为
//③转发可以带有数据 request对象中
//④url不会发生任何的变化
request.getRequestDispatcher("main.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
}
(3)web.xml
<servlet>
<servlet-name>forward</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.by.servlet.ForwardServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>forward</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/forward</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
(4)main.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
这是main页面<br>
${username}
${password}
</body>
</html>
四、运行结果