1.啥是依赖注入
依赖 : 指Bean对象的创建依赖于容器 . Bean对象的依赖资源 .
注入 : 指Bean对象所依赖的资源 , 由容器来设置和装配 .
大白话:在配置文件中为bean对象的属性赋值。
2. 注入的方法
1. 构造器注入
2. Set 注入:要求被注入的属性 , 必须有set方法 , set方法的方法名由set + 属性首字母大写 , 如果属性是boolean类型 , 则不是set方法 , 是 is + 属性首字母大写 .
实例代码
Address类:
Address.java
public class Address {
private String address;
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}
创建一个Student类,属性包含Address类
package com.kuang.pojo;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;
public class Student {
private String name;
private Address address;
private String[] books;
private List<String> hobbys;
private Map<String,String> card;
private Set<String> games;
private String wife;
private Properties info;
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
public void setBooks(String[] books) {
this.books = books;
}
public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys) {
this.hobbys = hobbys;
}
public void setCard(Map<String, String> card) {
this.card = card;
}
public void setGames(Set<String> games) {
this.games = games;
}
public void setWife(String wife) {
this.wife = wife;
}
public void setInfo(Properties info) {
this.info = info;
}
public void show(){
System.out.println("name="+ name
+ ",address="+ address.getAddress()
+ ",books="
);
for (String book:books){
System.out.print("<<"+book+">>\t");
}
System.out.println("\n爱好:"+hobbys);
System.out.println("card:"+card);
System.out.println("games:"+games);
System.out.println("wife:"+wife);
System.out.println("info:"+info);
}
}
2.2.1 常量注入
<bean id="student" class="com.kuang.pojo.Student"> <property name="name" value="小明"/> </bean>
2.2.2 Bean注入
注意点:这里的值是一个引用,ref
<bean id="addr" class="com.kuang.pojo.Address"> <property name="address" value="重庆"/> </bean> <bean id="student" class="com.kuang.pojo.Student"> <property name="name" value="小明"/> <property name="address" ref="addr"/> </bean>
2.2.3 数组注入
<bean id="student" class="com.kuang.pojo.Student"> <property name="name" value="小明"/> <property name="address" ref="addr"/> <property name="books"> <array> <value>西游记</value> <value>红楼梦</value> <value>水浒传</value> </array> </property> </bean>
2.2.4、List注入
<property name="hobbys"> <list> <value>听歌</value> <value>看电影</value> <value>爬山</value> </list> </property>
2.2.5、Map注入
<property name="card"> <map> <entry key="中国邮政" value="456456456465456"/> <entry key="建设" value="1456682255511"/> </map> </property>
2.2.6、set注入
<property name="games"> <set> <value>LOL</value> <value>BOB</value> <value>COC</value> </set> </property>
2.2.7、Null注入
<property name="wife"><null/></property>
2.2.8、Properties注入
<property name="info"> <props> <prop key="学号">20190604</prop> <prop key="性别">男</prop> <prop key="姓名">小明</prop> </props> </property>
3. Bean的作用域
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