threadPoolExecutor源码简析

线程池状态

* RUNNING: Accept new tasks and process queued tasks //执行中

* SHUTDOWN: Don't accept new tasks, but process queued tasks //继续处理队列中的任务

* STOP: Don't accept new tasks, don't process queued tasks,

* and interrupt in-progress tasks //不接受任务，也不继续处理队列中的任务

* TIDYING: All tasks have terminated, workerCount is zero,

* the thread transitioning to state TIDYING//所有task都执行完的一个过渡阶段

* will run the terminated() hook method

* TERMINATED: terminated() has completed //结束

其中AtomicInteger变量ctl的功能非常强大：利用低29位表示线程池中线程数，通过高3位表示线程池的运行状态：

1、RUNNING：-1 << COUNT_BITS，即高3位为111，该状态的线程池会接收新任务，并处理阻塞队列中的任务；

//-1的二进制表示 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111

2、SHUTDOWN： 0 << COUNT_BITS，即高3位为000，该状态的线程池不会接收新任务，但会处理阻塞队列中的任务；

3、STOP ： 1 << COUNT_BITS，即高3位为001，该状态的线程不会接收新任务，也不会处理阻塞队列中的任务，而且会中断正在运行的任务；

//1在二进制中的表示：00000000 00000000 00000000 00000001

4、TIDYING ： 2 << COUNT_BITS，即高3位为010；

5、TERMINATED： 3 << COUNT_BITS，即高3位为011；

一  入口

 public void execute(Runnable command) {
        if (command == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        /*
         * Proceed in 3 steps:
         *
         * 1. If fewer than corePoolSize threads are running, try to
         * start a new thread with the given command as its first
         * task.  The call to addWorker atomically checks runState and
         * workerCount, and so prevents false alarms that would add
         * threads when it shouldn't, by returning false.
         *
         * 2. If a task can be successfully queued, then we still need
         * to double-check whether we should have added a thread
         * (because existing ones died since last checking) or that
         * the pool shut down since entry into this method. So we
         * recheck state and if necessary roll back the enqueuing if
         * stopped, or start a new thread if there are none.
         *
         * 3. If we cannot queue task, then we try to add a new
         * thread.  If it fails, we know we are shut down or saturated
         * and so reject the task.
         */
        int c = ctl.get();
        //小于核心线程数是，新增一个工作线程
        if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
            if (addWorker(command, true))
                return;
            c = ctl.get();
        }
        // workQueue.offer(command)将执行参数添加到阻塞队列中，
        //如果满，则返回false,这里是任务进入阻塞队列的唯一入口
        if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
            int recheck = ctl.get();
            //再次检查，如果当期线程池不是running状态，则从队列删除任务，执行拒绝策略
            if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
                reject(command);
            //如果当前线程池为空，则添加一个线程
            else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
                addWorker(null, false);
        }
       //走到这里说明，核心线程数达到上限，且阻塞队列已经满了，创建非核心线程帮助处理任务
        else if (!addWorker(command, false))
            reject(command);
    }

二  workThread添加过程

private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {
        retry:
        for (;;) {
            int c = ctl.get();
            int rs = runStateOf(c);

            // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
            //校验线程池的运行状态，是否允许继续添加工作线程
            if (rs >= SHUTDOWN &&
                ! (rs == SHUTDOWN &&
                   firstTask == null &&
                   ! workQueue.isEmpty()))
                return false;

            for (;;) {
                int wc = workerCountOf(c);
                if (wc >= CAPACITY ||
                    wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))
                    return false;
                if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c))
                    break retry;
                c = ctl.get();  // Re-read ctl
                if (runStateOf(c) != rs)
                    continue retry;
                // else CAS failed due to workerCount change; retry inner loop
            }
        }

        boolean workerStarted = false;
        boolean workerAdded = false;
        Worker w = null;
        try {
            //新增工作线程，Worker继承AQS和Runable，firstTask执行参数
            w = new Worker(firstTask);
            final Thread t = w.thread;
            if (t != null) {
                //在加锁的条件下进行
                final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
                mainLock.lock();
                try {
                    // Recheck while holding lock.
                    // Back out on ThreadFactory failure or if
                    // shut down before lock acquired.
                    int rs = runStateOf(ctl.get());
                    //上面线程池执行状态的判断是在无锁模式下，这里在有锁模式下，再次判断线程池 
                    //执行状态
                    if (rs < SHUTDOWN ||
                        (rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) {
                        if (t.isAlive()) // precheck that t is startable
                            throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
                        //将新增工作线程添加的set集合中
                        workers.add(w);
                        int s = workers.size();
                        if (s > largestPoolSize)
                            largestPoolSize = s;
                        workerAdded = true;
                    }
                } finally {
                    mainLock.unlock();
                }
                if (workerAdded) {
                    //执行work工作线程，这里会启动work线程的run()方法，从阻塞队列中去任务，执 
                    //行，接下来的工作都由run（）方法发起，处理，核心线程超时管理，非核心线程超 
                    //时管理，worker工程线程的删除，从阻塞队列不断去任务执行，都由run()中的逻 
                     //辑处理
                    t.start();
                    workerStarted = true;
                }
            }
        } finally {
            if (! workerStarted)
                addWorkerFailed(w);
        }
        return workerStarted;
    }

三 worker的run()方法

   

public void run() {
            runWorker(this);
        }

四 runWorker()

 //是一个final方法
 final void runWorker(Worker w) {
        Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
        Runnable task = w.firstTask;
        w.firstTask = null;
        w.unlock(); // allow interrupts
        boolean completedAbruptly = true;
        try {
            //这个循环保证当前工作线程一直从队里中取任务执行
            //结束这个循环表示，有一个工作线程需要被回收
            //一个工作线程是否会被销毁，控制逻辑放在getTask()方法里面
            //如果getTask（）返回null表无任务需要执行，则当前工作线程将被销毁
            //如果当前工作线程数<=核心线程数，则在从阻塞队列中取任务时
            //workQueue.take() 当队列不为空时返回，移除并返回头部元素，否则阻塞
            //这里通过阻塞的方法保证核心线程不被销毁
            while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
                w.lock();
                // If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted;
                // if not, ensure thread is not interrupted.  This
                // requires a recheck in second case to deal with
                // shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt
                if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
                     (Thread.interrupted() &&
                      runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
                    !wt.isInterrupted())
                    wt.interrupt();
                try {
                    beforeExecute(wt, task);
                    Throwable thrown = null;
                    try {
                        //执行目前参数方法
                        task.run();
                    } catch (RuntimeException x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Error x) {
                        thrown = x; throw x;
                    } catch (Throwable x) {
                        thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
                    } finally {
                        afterExecute(task, thrown);
                    }
                } finally {
                    task = null;
                    w.completedTasks++;
                    w.unlock();
                }
            }
            completedAbruptly = false;
        } finally {
            //销毁当前worker
            processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
        }
    }

五 getTask()方法

 private Runnable getTask() {
        boolean timedOut = false; // Did the last poll() time out?

        for (;;) {
            int c = ctl.get();
            int rs = runStateOf(c);

            // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
            if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && (rs >= STOP || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                decrementWorkerCount();
                return null;
            }

            int wc = workerCountOf(c);
            //判断核心线程是否受空闲销毁控制
            // Are workers subject to culling?
            boolean timed = allowCoreThreadTimeOut || wc > corePoolSize;

            if ((wc > maximumPoolSize || (timed && timedOut))
                && (wc > 1 || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                if (compareAndDecrementWorkerCount(c))
                    return null;
                continue;
            }

            try {
               //如果timed=true表示有空闲等待时长限制
               //keepAliveTime创建线程池传入得时间值
               //workQueue.take() 当队列不为空时返回，移除并返回头部元素，否则阻塞
               //这里通过阻塞的方法保证核心线程不被销毁 
                Runnable r = timed ?
                    workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) :
                    workQueue.take();
                if (r != null)
                    return r;
                timedOut = true;
            } catch (InterruptedException retry) {
                timedOut = false;
            }
        }
    }