salt介绍
SaltStack是一个服务器基础架构集中化管理平台，具备配置管理、远程执行、监控等功能，基于Python语言实现，结合轻量级消息队列（ZeroMQ）与Python第三方模块（Pyzmq、PyCrypto、Pyjinjia2、python-msgpack和PyYAML等）构建。
SaltStack 采用 C/S模式，server端就是salt的master，client端就是minion，minion与master之间通过ZeroMQ消息队列通信。
master监听4505和4506端口，4505对应的是ZMQ的PUB system，用来发送消息，4506对应的是REP system是来接受消息的。
命令执行步骤
具体步骤如下
- Salt stack的Master与Minion之间通过ZeroMq进行消息传递，使用了ZeroMq的发布-订阅模式，连接方式包括tcp，ipc
- salt命令，将cmd.run ls命令从salt.client.LocalClient.cmd_cli发布到master，获取一个Jodid，根据jobid获取命令执行结果。
- master接收到命令后，将要执行的命令发送给客户端minion。
- minion从消息总线上接收到要处理的命令，交给minion._handle_aes处理
- minion._handle_aes发起一个本地线程调用cmdmod执行ls命令。线程执行完ls后，调用minion._return_pub方法，将执行结果通过消息总线返回给master
- master接收到客户端返回的结果，调用master._handle_aes方法，将结果写的文件中
- salt.client.LocalClient.cmd_cli通过轮询获取Job执行结果，将结果输出到终端。
saltstack安装
测试环境
- CentOS6.5
- master：172.20.22.46 (主机名：hadoop1) # 之前配置Spark改的名字
- slave：172.20.22.159 (主机名：hadoop2)
分为以下几步
关闭selinux
/etc/selinux/config，把SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled
master安装salt-minion, salt-master
slave安装salt-minion
配置salt-master
参考
#指定master，冒号后有一个空格
master: 192.168.2.22
user: root
#-------以下为可选--------------
# salt运行的用户，影响到salt的执行权限
user: root
#s alt的运行线程，开的线程越多一般处理的速度越快，但一般不要超过CPU的个数
worker_threads: 10
# master的管理端口
publish_port : 4505
# master跟minion的通讯端口，用于文件服务，认证，接受返回结果等
ret_port : 4506
# 如果这个master运行的salt-syndic连接到了一个更高层级的master,那么这个参数需要配置成连接到的这个高层级master的监听端口
syndic_master_port : 4506
# 指定pid文件位置
pidfile: /var/run/salt-master.pid
# saltstack 可以控制的文件系统的开始位置
root_dir: /
# 日志文件地址
log_file: /var/log/salt_master.log
# 分组设置
nodegroups:
group_all: '*'
# salt state执行时候的根目录
file_roots:
base:
- /srv/salt/
# 设置pillar 的根目录
pillar_roots:
base:
- /srv/pillar
本文主要改动
file_roots:
base:
- /srv/salt/base
dev:
- /srv/salt/dev
test:
- /srv/salt/test
prod:
- /srv/salt/prod
配置salt-minion
参考
#指定master，冒号后有一个空格
master: 192.168.2.22
id: minion-01
user: root
#-------以下为可选--------------
# minion的识别ID，可以是IP，域名，或是可以通过DNS解析的字符串
id: 192.168.0.100
# salt运行的用户权限
user: root
# master的识别ID，可以是IP，域名，或是可以通过DNS解析的字符串
master : 192.168.0.100
# master通讯端口
master_port: 4506
# 备份模式，minion是本地备份，当进行文件管理时的文件备份模式
backup_mode: minion
# 执行salt-call时候的输出方式
output: nested
# minion等待master接受认证的时间
acceptance_wait_time: 10
# 失败重连次数，0表示无限次，非零会不断尝试到设置值后停止尝试
acceptance_wait_time_max: 0
# 重新认证延迟时间，可以避免因为master的key改变导致minion需要重新认证的syn风暴
random_reauth_delay: 60
# 日志文件位置
log_file: /var/logs/salt_minion.log
# 文件路径基本位置
file_roots:
base:
- /etc/salt/minion/file
# pillar基本位置
pillar_roots:
base:
- /data/salt/minion/pillar
本文主要改动
master : 172.20.22.46
grains:
roles:
- nginx
env:
- test
myname:
- yzd
启动/重启salt
sudo service salt-master start/restart
sudo service salt-minion start/restart
master认证minion的key
检查安装是否完成
[root@hadoop1 Desktop]# salt-run manage.status
down:
up:
- hadoop1
- hadoop2
[root@hadoop1 Desktop]# salt '*' grains.item os myname
hadoop1:
----------
myname:
os:
CentOS
hadoop2:
----------
myname: # 自定义的grains
- yzd
os:
CentOS
其它
关于grains/pillar/state等可以查阅文档
部署WordPress
环境要求
摘自官网
We recommend servers running version 7.2 or greater of PHP and MySQL version 5.6 OR MariaDB version 10.0 or greater.
We also recommend either Apache or Nginx as the most robust options for running WordPress, but neither is required.
最后的完整文件树
[root@hadoop1 base]# tree
.
├── mysql
│ ├── conf.sls
│ ├── files
│ │ ├── conf.sh
│ │ ├── my.cnf
│ │ ├── mysql-5.5.60.tar.gz
│ │ ├── mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz
│ │ ├── mysqld
│ │ └── mysqllns.sh
│ ├── init.sls
│ └── install.sls
├── top.sls
├── web
│ ├── apache.sls
│ ├── ap.sls
│ └── files
│ ├── apache-conf.d
│ │ ├── mod_dnssd.conf
│ │ ├── php.conf
│ │ ├── README
│ │ └── welcome.conf
│ ├── httpd.conf
│ └── php.ini
└── wordpress
├── files
│ ├── wordpress-latest.tar.gz
│ └── wordpress-yang.tar.gz
└── wp-install.sls
7 directories, 21 files
安装Apache和Php
流程
- 安装apache和php依赖
- 将主机的apache和php配置文件覆盖从机文件
- 运行apache服务
web/ap.sls：
lamp-install:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- httpd
- php
- php-pdo
- php-mysql
- php-gd
apache-config:
file.managed:
- name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #服务实际使用的文件路径
- source: salt://web/files/httpd.conf #salt的源文件用于分发到minion上面 路径是base目录下面的web 这里也支持http和ftp方式
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
- require:
- pkg: lamp-install
php-config:
file.managed:
- name: /etc/php.ini
- source: salt://web/files/php.ini
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
#使用watch在apache配置文件发送变化时，重新加载apache配置
lamp-service:
service.running:
- name: httpd
- enable: True
- reload: True #如果不加reload 默认会重启服务
- watch: #增加
- file: apache-config #监控上面的apache-config ID 所以说 一个ID在一个状态只能出现一次
apache-conf:
file.recurse:
- name: /etc/httpd/conf.d
- source: salt://web/files/apache-conf.d运行结果：
[root@hadoop1 base]# salt 'hadoop2' state.sls web.ap
hadoop2:
----------
ID: lamp-install
Function: pkg.installed
Result: True
Comment: 4 targeted packages were installed/updated. The following packages were already installed: httpd
Started: 09:14:41.225378
Duration: 64220.577 ms
Changes:
----------
libXpm:
----------
new:
3.5.10-2.el6
old:
php:
----------
new:
5.3.3-49.el6
old:
php-cli:
----------
new:
5.3.3-49.el6
old:
php-common:
----------
new:
5.3.3-49.el6
old:
php-gd:
----------
new:
5.3.3-49.el6
old:
php-mysql:
----------
new:
5.3.3-49.el6
old:
php-pdo:
----------
new:
5.3.3-49.el6
old:
----------
ID: apache-config
Function: file.managed
Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Result: True
Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf is in the correct state
Started: 09:15:45.451376
Duration: 14.631 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: php-config
Function: file.managed
Name: /etc/php.ini
Result: True
Comment: File /etc/php.ini is in the correct state
Started: 09:15:45.466131
Duration: 4.601 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: lamp-service
Function: service.running
Name: httpd
Result: True
Comment: Service httpd has been enabled, and is running
Started: 09:15:45.477085
Duration: 477.583 ms
Changes:
----------
httpd:
True
----------
ID: apache-conf
Function: file.recurse
Name: /etc/httpd/conf.d
Result: True
Comment: Recursively updated /etc/httpd/conf.d
Started: 09:15:45.954926
Duration: 149.052 ms
Changes:
----------
/etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf:
----------
diff:
---
+++
@@ -9,3 +9,4 @@
ErrorDocument 403 /error/noindex.html
</LocationMatch>
Summary
------------
Succeeded: 5 (changed=3)
Failed: 0
------------
Total states run: 5
安装Mysql5.6
注意：CentOS6 yum自带的Mysql版本是5.1，达不到wordpress的最低版本要求。这里我们使用源码安装mysql5.6。步骤比较多，坑也很多。
流程
- 传输mysql源码包至从机
- 解压源码包
- 安装编译所需依赖
- 源码安装mysql
- 将主机my.cnf覆盖从机文件
- 运行conf.sh，使用scripts/mysql_install_db建立数据库
- 运行mysqllns.sh创建所需要的软连接
- 将主机mysqld覆盖从机文件
- 运行mysqld
init.sls
include:
- mysql.install
- mysql.confinstall.sls
#install source mysql
mysql_source:
file.managed:
- name: /home/mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz
- unless: test -e /home/mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz
- source: salt://mysql/files/mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz
#tar source mysql
extract_mysql:
cmd.run:
- cwd: /home
- names:
- tar xf mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz
- unless: test -d /home/mysql-5.6.40
- require:
- file: mysql_source
#useradd for mysql
mysql_user:
user.present:
- name: mysql
- uid: 1024
- createhome: False
- gid_from_name: True
- shell: /sbin/nologin
#mysql pkg.install
mysql_pkg:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- gcc
- gcc-c++
- autoconf
- automake
- openssl
- openssl-devel
- zlib
- zlib-devel
- ncurses-devel
- libtool-ltdl-devel
- cmake
#mysql source install
mysql_commpile:
cmd.run:
- cwd: /home/mysql-5.6.40
- names:
- chown root:root /home/mysql-5.6.40 -R
- cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATTON=utf8_cuicode_ci -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=0
- make
- make install
- require:
- cmd: extract_mysql
- pkg: mysql_pkg
- unless: test -d /usr/local/mysqlconf.sls
include:
- mysql.install
# mysql for config
mysql_cnf:
file.managed:
- name: /etc/my.cnf
- user: root
- mode: 755
- source: salt://mysql/files/my.cnf
# mysql init
salt://mysql/files/conf.sh:
cmd.script:
- env:
- BATCH: 'yes'
- require:
- cmd: mysql_commpile
- pkg: mysql_pkg
# mysql lnk
salt://mysql/files/mysqllns.sh:
cmd.script:
- env:
- BATCH: 'yes'
- require:
- cmd: mysql_commpile
- pkg: mysql_pkg
# mysql server
mysql_service:
file.managed:
- name: /etc/init.d/mysqld
- user: root
- mode: 755
- source: salt://mysql/files/mysqld
cmd.run:
- names:
- /sbin/chkconfig --add mysqld
- /sbin/chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
- unless: /sbin/chkconfig --list mysqld
service.running:
- name: mysqld
- enable: True
- reload: Trueconf.sh：
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqllns.sh
#!/bin/bash
ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin/
ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin/
#mysql competence
/bin/chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/ && /bin/chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/
#for wordpress
mkdir /var/lib/mysql
ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysqld
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 10 50
# description: mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/注意：
需要添加下面两行来保证chkconfig设置成功
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 10 50运行结果
由于首次运行编译返回日志过长，为了美观的结果，运行了两次，所以软连接脚本显示失败（文件已存在）
[root@hadoop1 base]# salt 'hadoop2' state.sls mysql.init
hadoop2:
----------
ID: mysql_source
Function: file.managed
Name: /home/mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:09:23.030270
Duration: 888.041 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: extract_mysql
Function: cmd.run
Name: tar xf mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:09:23.919593
Duration: 7.14 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql_user
Function: user.present
Name: mysql
Result: True
Comment: User mysql is present and up to date
Started: 10:09:23.927631
Duration: 2.501 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql_pkg
Function: pkg.installed
Result: True
Comment: All specified packages are already installed.
Started: 10:09:23.931484
Duration: 2006.185 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql_commpile
Function: cmd.run
Name: cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATTON=utf8_cuicode_ci -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=0
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:09:25.939461
Duration: 8.829 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql_commpile
Function: cmd.run
Name: make
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:09:25.948913
Duration: 5.983 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql_commpile
Function: cmd.run
Name: make install
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:09:25.955397
Duration: 6.567 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql_cnf
Function: file.managed
Name: /etc/my.cnf
Result: True
Comment: File /etc/my.cnf is in the correct state
Started: 10:09:25.962408
Duration: 4.894 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: salt://mysql/files/conf.sh
Function: cmd.script
Result: True
Comment: Command 'salt://mysql/files/conf.sh' run
Started: 10:09:25.967900
Duration: 200740.417 ms
Changes:
----------
pid:
28643
retcode:
0
stderr:
2018-07-24 10:09:26 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-07-24 10:09:26 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2018-07-24 10:09:26 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.40) starting as process 28647 ...
2018-07-24 10:11:06 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-07-24 10:11:06 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2018-07-24 10:11:06 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.40) starting as process 28744 ...
stdout:
Installing MySQL system tables...OK
Filling help tables...OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h 192.168.253.62 password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
WARNING: Found existing config file /usr/local/mysql//my.cnf on the system.
Because this file might be in use, it was not replaced,
but was used in bootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)
and when you later start the server.
The new default config file was created as /usr/local/mysql//my-new.cnf,
please compare it with your file and take the changes you need.
WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server
----------
ID: salt://mysql/files/mysqllns.sh
Function: cmd.script
Result: False
Comment: Command 'salt://mysql/files/mysqllns.sh' run
Started: 10:12:46.710451
Duration: 262.12 ms
Changes:
----------
pid:
28810
retcode:
1
stderr:
ln: creating symbolic link `/usr/bin/mysql': File exists
ln: creating symbolic link `/usr/bin/mysqladmin': File exists
ln: creating symbolic link `/usr/bin/mysqldump': File exists
mkdir: cannot create directory `/var/lib/mysql': File exists
ln: creating symbolic link `/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock': File exists
stdout:
----------
ID: mysql_service
Function: file.managed
Name: /etc/init.d/mysqld
Result: True
Comment: File /etc/init.d/mysqld is in the correct state
Started: 10:12:46.972872
Duration: 4.936 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql_service
Function: cmd.run
Name: /sbin/chkconfig --add mysqld
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:12:46.977924
Duration: 10.248 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql_service
Function: cmd.run
Name: /sbin/chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:12:46.988419
Duration: 6.787 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql_service
Function: service.running
Name: mysql
Result: True
Comment: Service mysql has been enabled, and is in the desired state
Started: 10:12:46.995438
Duration: 236.708 ms
Changes:
----------
mysql:
True
Summary
-------------
Succeeded: 13 (changed=3)
Failed: 1
-------------
Total states run: 14
安装wordpress
流程
- 将wordpress解压至/var/www/html
- 修改wp-config.php并发送至从机
- 在数据库新建名为wordpress数据库
wp-install.sls
# copy tar.gz
wordpress_source:
file.managed:
- name: /home/wordpress-yang.tar.gz
- unless: test -e /home/wordpress-yang.tar.gz
- source: salt://wordpress/files/wordpress-yang.tar.gz
#tar source
extract_wordpress:
cmd.run:
- cwd: /home
- names:
- tar xf wordpress-yang.tar.gz
- chown root:root /home/wordpress -R
- unless: test -d /home/wordpress
- require:
- file: wordpress_source
# move to www
move_wordpress:
cmd.run:
- cwd: /home
- names:
- cp -rf wordpress/* /var/www/html/
- mysql -uroot -e "create database IF NOT EXISTS wordpress"
- require:
- cmd: extract_wordpress运行结果
[root@hadoop1 base]# salt 'hadoop2' state.sls wordpress.wp-install
hadoop2:
----------
ID: wordpress_source
Function: file.managed
Name: /home/wordpress-yang.tar.gz
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:22:32.580145
Duration: 1199.729 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: extract_wordpress
Function: cmd.run
Name: tar xf wordpress-yang.tar.gz
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:22:33.780510
Duration: 9.208 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: extract_wordpress
Function: cmd.run
Name: chown root:root /home/wordpress -R
Result: True
Comment: unless execution succeeded
Started: 10:22:33.790282
Duration: 6.722 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: move_wordpress
Function: cmd.run
Name: cp -rf wordpress/* /var/www/html/
Result: True
Comment: Command "cp -rf wordpress/* /var/www/html/" run
Started: 10:22:33.797953
Duration: 2065.049 ms
Changes:
----------
pid:
29030
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
----------
ID: move_wordpress
Function: cmd.run
Name: mysql -uroot -e "create database IF NOT EXISTS wordpress"
Result: True
Comment: Command "mysql -uroot -e "create database IF NOT EXISTS wordpress"" run
Started: 10:22:35.863419
Duration: 53.151 ms
Changes:
----------
pid:
29033
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
Summary
------------
Succeeded: 5 (changed=2)
Failed: 0
------------
Total states run: 5
总结
成功通过master的saltstack为slave安装lamp环境，并将openstack部署成功。
遇到的问题整理
无法运行state.sls
报错the function “state.highstate” is running as PID xxxx
kill掉slave的进程
php admin不显示网页
重启apache
sudo service httpd restart
MySQL启动报：[ERROR] The server quit without updating PID file
https://blog.csdn.net/ydyang1126/article/details/72473828
cmd.run的顺序控制
https://www.jianshu.com/p/624b9cf51c64
查看顺序
salt ‘hadoop2’ state.show_sls wordpress.wp-install
order越小越早执行，-1是最后
Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock’ (2)
http://aiezu.com/article/mysql_cant_connect_through_socket.html
service mysqld does not support chkconfig
https://www.cnblogs.com/niocai/archive/2012/07/12/2587780.html
unless命令
http://blog.51cto.com/732233048/1677843
unless：用于检查的命令，仅当unless选项指向的命令返回false时才执行name指向的命令
若minion端不存在/tmp/nginx-1.4.5.tar.gz这个文件，才会执行这个file模块
参考
https://www.jianshu.com/p/624b9cf51c64
https://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/78119322
https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-12/149615.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/xiewenming/p/7674806.html
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