挂载新磁盘

[b]##由于程序需要读取信息,会出现PCI(sysfs)读取中[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:~#[/b] sudo lshw -C disk
*-disk
description: SCSI Disk
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
size: 279GiB (300GB)
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: signature=000e042e
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: INTEL SSDSC2CW06
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@2:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sdb
version: 400i
serial: EKCV321500DF060AGN
size: 55GiB (60GB)
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=000d4dbd

[b]root@ubuntu:~#[/b] fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 60.0 GB, 60022480896 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7297 cylinders, total 117231408 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000d4dbd

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 39106560 117229567 39061504 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 2048 15624191 7811072 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdb3 * 15624192 16015359 195584 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 16015360 39106559 11545600 83 Linux

Partition table entries are not in disk order

Disk /dev/sda: 300.0 GB, 300000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36472 cylinders, total 585937500 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000e042e

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 552439807 276218880 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 552441854 585936895 16747521 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 552441856 585936895 16747520 82 Linux swap / Solaris
fdisk: unable to read /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: Inappropriate ioctl for device


[b]root@ubuntu:~#[/b] fdisk /dev/sda

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 1 extended, 2 free)
l logical (numbered from 5)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 3): 3
First sector (552439808-585937499, default 552439808):
Using default value 552439808
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (552439808-552441853, default 552441853):
Using default value 552441853

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.


[b]##*******************************************************************************##
## error 16: Device or resource busy.
## 由于该磁盘已经分区，则再进行分区，则会提示以下错误.[/b]
## [b]root@ubuntu:~#[/b] [b]fdisk -l
##
## Disk /dev/sda: 300.0 GB, 300000000000 bytes
## 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36472 cylinders, total 585937500 sectors
## Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
## Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
## I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
## Disk identifier: 0x000e042e

## Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
## /dev/sda1 * 2048 552439807 276218880 83 Linux
## /dev/sda2 552441854 585936895 16747521 5 Extended
## /dev/sda5 552441856 585936895 16747520 82 Linux swap / Solaris
## fdisk: unable to read /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: Inappropriate ioctl for device
##********************************************************************************##[/b]

[b]##直接mount[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:~#[/b] mount /dev/sda1 /data/

[b]##验证一下是否挂载成功[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:~#[/b] df -TH
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1 ext4 40G 1.1G 37G 3% /
udev devtmpfs 8.4G 4.1k 8.4G 1% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 3.4G 283k 3.4G 1% /run
none tmpfs 5.3M 0 5.3M 0% /run/lock
none tmpfs 8.5G 4.1k 8.5G 1% /run/shm
/dev/sdb3 ext4 190M 33M 147M 19% /boot
/dev/sdb4 ext4 12G 30M 11G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 ext4 279G 62M 265G 1% /data

[b]## ls /data 发现/data遗留了太多的之前系统的数据,所以需要进该分区进行格式化[/b]

[b]##发现原来挂载的分区是不能被格式化的，所以需要先对其对卸载.[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:/data#[/b] mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda1
mke2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
/dev/sda1 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!

[b]##卸载的时候发现，原来有人正在使用该分区，不能卸载。[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:/data#[/b] umount /data
umount: /data: device is busy.
(In some cases useful info about processes that use
the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))

[b]##查看一下是谁使用了该分区。[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:/data#[/b] fuser -m -v /data/
USER PID ACCESS COMMAND
/data: root kernel mount /data
root 8834 ..c.. bash
yuxin 9111 ..c.. bash
[b]##Kill使用该分区的用户,把root也直接kill[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:/data#[/b] kill -9 9111
[b]root@ubuntu:/data#[/b] kill -9 8834
[b]##卸载成功[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:/data#[/b] umount /data
[b]root@ubuntu:/data#[/b]
[b]##格式化该分区,成功.[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:~#[/b] mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda1
mke2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
17268736 inodes, 69054720 blocks
3452736 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
2108 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

[b]##将其设置为开机自动挂载
##在最后一行加上
###################################################
#
# /dev/sda1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0
#
###################################################[/b]
[b]root@ubuntu:/data#[/b] more /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=1dfe21b6-f0ec-41dd-9022-4b89b9db4e99 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot was on /dev/sda3 during installation
UUID=58b86c68-3d15-43d5-9c38-9be2624352db /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
# /home was on /dev/sda4 during installation
UUID=4319d38f-dc57-4c4a-a9cb-7bdc678ba9d4 /home ext4 defaults 0 2
# swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation
#UUID=0875c384-60c7-410f-b7d4-8a994494cc1e none swap sw 0 0
/dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/sda1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0


辅助资料：
[url]http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E6%96%B0%E7%A1%AC%E7%9B%98[/url]
[url]http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/5642883[/url]