写这个主题的文章在网络上应该暂时没有吧,也看过许多SSH整合开发的书,许多都是旧版本的框架整合,而且大部分都是以XML配置文件的方式,即使谈到Annotation也是针对其中一个框架而言的。随着开源框架更新版本中不断引进对Annotation的支持,使得我们可以用单方面去管理我们的类与关系,而不用像以往那样,一旦遇到问题,就要不断在Java视图和XML视图中切换。好,开始吧,既然网络中暂时没有这方面的文章,我就来开创个先例。自己探索学习一下,也让大家来学习和提出批评和建议。
首选说一下我们的开发准备吧!
开发环境:Tomcat 6.0,JDK1.6,MySQL5.0
开发工具:Eclipse-jee(Eclipse的官网上下载)
所要下载的框架包:struts-2.0.11.2-all.zip,spring-framework-2.5.5-with-dependencies.zip,hibernate-distribution-3.3.1.GA-dist.zip,这三个压缩包在其官方网站都可以下载。当然,这个小项目所要用到不止这些,我们用到的时候再去下载。
好,我们来开始第一阶段的探索——Hibernate3.3的Annotation的实现。
新建我们的Dynamic Web Project,取名为"ssh_annotation”,配置Tomcat6.0的支持,打开MySQL,建立一个空数据库,取名为"ssh_annotation"。记得,要引进MySQL的JDBC驱动包mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar。
在解压缩的hibernate-distribution-3.3.1.GA目录中,把hibernate.jar,和\lib\required\下的所用jar包引进到我们项目的lib目录下。
不知道用过Hibernate3.3开发的朋友会不会遇到过这样的问题:把上面的包都准备好的,开发Hibernate测试类时,会报Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder 或者Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/log4j/LogManager的错误。这是因为Hibernate3.3提供的jar包,缺少了slf4j-log4j12.jar这个包。解决办法是:在Hibernate的官方网站上下载hibernate-annotations-3.4.0.GA.zip,解压缩,把其\lib\下的slf4j-log4j12.jar引进我们项目的lib目录下。而我们引进这个jar包后,若我们没有引进log4j.jar的话,就会报java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/log4j/LogManager的错误,可能是slf4j-log4j12.jar要用调用log4j的类吧。我们也引进log4j.jar即行。
当然,hibernate-annotations-3.4.0.GA.zip 是我们开发Hibernate Annotation所要用到的,除以上面那些jar包外,我们还要引进其hibernate-annotations.jar,及其\lib\下的hibernate-commons-annotations.jar,ejb3-persistence.jar。好,暂时就这些,我们接下来需要用到哪些jar包时再引进。
好,第一步,来开发我们的实体类User。代码如下:
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简单解释一下吧:
@Entity定义User类为实体类,@Id定义该属性对应的列为主键,@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)定义主键生成策略为Indentity,适用于MySQL和MS SQL等数据库。@Column(name="username", length=15)定义列名和取值长度。
应该不难的,更多有关Hibernate的注解,请下载并参考我整理的Hibernate Annotation帮助文档 /Files/rongxh7/hibernateAannotations.rar 。慢慢学吧!
当然,必要的XML配置文件还是要有的:
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到这里,我们可以运行Tomcat,Hibernate会根据hbm2ddl.auto自动地把实体类与属性转变成数据库中的表与列。但这一步,要事先在数据库中建立一个名为"ssh_annotation"的空数据库。好了,看一下,你的数据库中是否有"tb_user"的表生成了?!
接下来,我们来开发一个包装器类,取名HibernateUtil,代码如下:
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学过Hibernate的朋友们,应该对这个类不陌生吧。在此,我就不多解释啦,注意一下我注释的地方就行。下面,我们来进行测试,下载最新版本的Junit4.5.jar,试一下感觉如何。当然,旧版本的应该也没问题的啦!写测试代码如下:
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到此,我们的Hibernate Annotation开发完成了。你成功了没?如果有什么问题,请回复,我尽力为你解答!好,第一阶段暂告一段落。不要忘记,我们是要做的是基于Annotatioln的SSH整合开发,让我们一起期待下一阶段吧!
(*^-^*) 本文原创,转载请注明出处, http://www.blogjava.net/rongxh7谢谢! (*^-^*)
本文原创,转载请注明出处,谢谢!http://www.blogjava.net/rongxh7(心梦帆影JavaEE技术博客)