c++重载运算符实现分数加减乘除

实现结果如下图所示：

代码如下所示：

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Rational {
public:
	Rational operator+(Rational rhs);
	Rational operator-(Rational rhs);
	Rational operator*(Rational rhs);
	Rational operator/(Rational rhs);
	Rational(int num, int denom);

private:
	void normalize(); //负责对分数做化简工作

	int numerator;//分子
	int denominator;//分母

	friend std::ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Rational f);
};

Rational::Rational(int num, int denom) {
	numerator = num;
	denominator = denom;

	normalize();
}

//只允许分子为负数，若分母为负数则把负数挪到分子部分
//利用欧几里得算法将分数简化
void Rational::normalize() {
	if (denominator < 0) {
		numerator = -numerator;
		denominator = -denominator;
	}

	//欧几里得算法
	int a = abs(numerator);
	int b = abs(denominator);

	//求出最大公约数,a
	//eg: a=12,b=9.
	//t=3 a=9 b=3
	//t=0 a=3 b=0
	while (b > 0) {
		int t = a % b;//t为余数
		a = b; //a取除数
		b = t; //b取余数
	}

	//分子、分母分别处以最大公约数
	numerator /= a;
	denominator /= a;
}

//重载运算符函数是类的成员函数
//分数是先通分再加减
// a*d+b*c / b*d
Rational Rational::operator+(Rational rhs) {
	int a = numerator;
	int b = denominator;
	int c = rhs.numerator;
	int d = rhs.denominator;

	return Rational(a*d+b*c,b*d);
}
Rational Rational::operator-(Rational rhs) {
	int a = numerator;
	int b = denominator;
	int c = rhs.numerator;
	int d = rhs.denominator;

	return Rational(a*d - b*c, b*d);

	/*
	**这里有个偷懒的写法
	rhs.numerator = -rhs.numerator;
	return operator+(rhs);
	*/
}
Rational Rational::operator*(Rational rhs) {
	int a = numerator;
	int b = denominator;
	int c = rhs.numerator;
	int d = rhs.denominator;

	return Rational(a*c, b*d);
}
Rational Rational::operator/(Rational rhs) {
	int t = rhs.denominator;
	rhs.denominator = rhs.numerator;
	rhs.numerator = t;

	return operator*(rhs);
}
//该函数是友元函数，因此不用加空间域名
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Rational f);

int main() {
	Rational r1(4, 18);
	Rational r2(14, 18);

	cout << r1 << " + " << r2 << " = " << (r1 + r2) << endl;
	cout << r1 << " - " << r2 << " = " << (r1 - r2) << endl;
	cout << r1 << " * " << r2 << " = " << (r1 * r2) << endl;
	cout << r1 << " / " << r2 << " = " << (r1 / r2) << endl;

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Rational f) {
	os << f.numerator << "/" << f.denominator;
	return os;
}