LINUX终端编程

如果想知道标准输出是否被重定向了，只需要检查底层的文件描述符是否关联到了一个终端即可。系统调用isatty就是用来完成这个任务的。

你只需要将有效的文件描述符传递给它，它就能判断是否连接到了一个终端。

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

char *menu[] = {
    "a - add new record",
    "d - delete record",
    "q - quit",
    NULL,
};

int getchoice(char *greet, char *choices[]);

int main()
{
    int choice = 0;

    if(!isatty(fileno(stdout))) {
        fprintf(stderr,"You are not a terminal!\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    do
    {
        choice = getchoice("Please select an action", menu);
        printf("You have chosen: %c\n", choice);
    } while (choice != 'q');
    exit(0);
}

int getchoice(char *greet, char *choices[])
{
    int chosen = 0;
    int selected;
    char **option;

    do {
        printf("Choice: %s\n",greet);
        option = choices;
        while(*option) {
            printf("%s\n",*option);
            option++;
        }
        selected = getchar();
        option = choices;
        while(*option) {
            if(selected == *option[0]) {
                chosen = 1;
                break;
            }
            option++;
        }
        if(!chosen) {
            printf("Incorrect choice, select again\n");
        }
    } while(!chosen); 
    return selected;
}

./menu2 >file

You are not a terminal!

LINUX提供了一个特殊的设备/dev/tty来解决对终端的读写问题，这个设备始终指向当前终端或当前登录的会话，由于linux把一切事物都当作

文件来看，所以，我们可以像操作一般的文件来操作对/dev/tty的读写。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

char *menu[] = {
    "a - add new record",
    "d - delete record",
    "q - quit",
    NULL,
};

int getchoice(char *greet, char *choices[], FILE *in, FILE *out);

int main()
{
    int choice = 0;
    FILE *input;
    FILE *output;

    if (!isatty(fileno(stdout))) {
        fprintf(stderr,"You are not a terminal, OK.\n");
    }

    input = fopen("/dev/tty", "r");
    output = fopen("/dev/tty", "w");
    if(!input || !output) { 
        fprintf(stderr,"Unable to open /dev/tty\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    do {
        choice = getchoice("Please select an action", menu, input, output);
        printf("You have chosen: %c\n", choice);
    } while (choice != 'q');
    exit(0);
}

int getchoice(char *greet, char *choices[], FILE *in, FILE *out)
{
    int chosen = 0;
    int selected;
    char **option;

    do {
        fprintf(out,"Choice: %s\n",greet);
        option = choices;
        while(*option) {
            fprintf(out,"%s\n",*option);
            option++;
        }
        do {
            selected = fgetc(in);
        } while (selected == '\n');
        option = choices;
        while(*option) {
            if(selected == *option[0]) {
                chosen = 1;
                break;
            }
            option++;
        }
        if(!chosen) {
            fprintf(out,"Incorrect choice, select again\n");
        }
    } while(!chosen);
    return selected;
}