消息中间件（8）—— 与SpringBoot集成

SpringBoot配置步骤：

一、pom.xml导入RabbitMQ

        <!-- Sringboot 引入 rabbitMQ  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

二、application.properties

配置Rabbit MQ相关参数

spring.application.name=springboot-rabbitmq
spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
#发送方确认
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
#虚拟主机
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/

三、RabbitMQ配置类

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {

    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.host}")
    private String addresses;
    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.port}")
    private String port;
    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.password}")
    private String password;
    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host}")
    private String virtualHost;
    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms}")
    private boolean publisherConfirms;
    @Autowired
    private UserReceiver userReceiver;

    //连接工厂
    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setAddresses(addresses+":"+port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost(virtualHost);
        /** 如果要进行消息回调，则这里必须要设置为true */
        connectionFactory.setPublisherConfirms(publisherConfirms);
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    //RabbitAdmin封装了对RabbitMQ的管理操作
    @Bean
    public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate newRabbitTemplate() {
        RabbitTemplate template = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory());
        //失败通知
        template.setMandatory(true);
//失败回调
        template.setReturnCallback(returnCallback());

        //发送方确认
        template.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback());       
        return template;
    }

    //在RabbitMQ中，当声明一个队列时，会自动绑定一个direct的交换器，路由键为队列名称
    @Bean
    public Queue helloQueue() {
        return new Queue(RmConst.QUEUE_HELLO);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue userQueue() {
        return new Queue(RmConst.QUEUE_USER);
    }

    /*****不使用默认，自定义交换器的类型，以及路由键  start*****/
    //声明两个队列
    @Bean
    public Queue queueEmailMessage() {
        return new Queue(RmConst.QUEUE_TOPIC_EMAIL);
    }
    @Bean
    public Queue queueUserMessages() {
        return new Queue(RmConst.QUEUE_TOPIC_USER);
    }

    //声明Topic交换器
    //TopicExchange就是Topic交换器,DirectExchange就是Direct交换器
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange exchange() {
        return new TopicExchange(RmConst.EXCHANGE_TOPIC);
    }

    //将两个队列分别和Topic交换器进行绑定
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingEmailExchangeMessage() {
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(queueEmailMessage())
                .to(exchange())
                .with("sb.*.email");
    }
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingUserExchangeMessages() {
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(queueUserMessages())
                .to(exchange())
                .with("sb.*.user");
    }
    /*****不使用默认，自定义交换器的类型，以及路由键  end*****/
    

    /*****不使用默认，自定义Fanout交换器以及路由键  start*****/
    @Bean
    public Queue AMessage() {
        return new Queue("sb.fanout.A");
    }

    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
        return new FanoutExchange(RmConst.EXCHANGE_FANOUT);
    }

    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeA(Queue AMessage,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(AMessage).to(fanoutExchange);
    }
    /*****不使用默认，自定义Fanout交换器以及路由键  end*****/

    /*****监听userQueue队列，设置手动应答，指定消费者 start*****/
    @Bean
    public SimpleMessageListenerContainer messageContainer() {
        SimpleMessageListenerContainer container
                = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer(connectionFactory());
        container.setQueues(userQueue());
        //手动应答
        container.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL);
        //指定消费者
        container.setMessageListener(userReceiver);
        return container;
    }
/*****监听userQueue队列，设置手动应答，指定消费者 end*****/

    //===============发送方确认==========
    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback confirmCallback(){
        return new RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback(){
            @Override
            public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData,
                                boolean ack, String cause) {
                if (ack) {
                    System.out.println("发送者确认发送给mq成功");
                } else {
                    //处理失败的消息
                    System.out.println("发送者发送给mq失败,考虑重发:"+cause);
                }
            }
        };
    }

    //失败通知
    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback returnCallback(){
        return new RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback(){
            @Override
            public void returnedMessage(Message message,
                                        int replyCode,
                                        String replyText,
                                        String exchange,
                                        String routingKey) {
                System.out.println("无法路由的消息，需要考虑另外处理。");
                System.out.println("Returned replyText："+replyText);
                System.out.println("Returned exchange："+exchange);
                System.out.println("Returned routingKey："+routingKey);
                String msgJson  = new String(message.getBody());
                System.out.println("Returned Message："+msgJson);
            }
        };
    }
}

四、普通方式发送消息（失败通知）

在RabbitMQ配置类的RabbitTemplate中已添加

//失败通知

template.setMandatory(true);

生产者demo

@Component
public class DefaultSender {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    public void send(String msg) {
        String sendMsg = msg +"---"+ System.currentTimeMillis();;
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RmConst.QUEUE_HELLO, sendMsg);
     }
}

消费者demo

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "sb.hello")
public class HelloReceiver {
    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("HelloReceiver : " + hello);
    }
}

通过@RabbitListener监听队列

通过@RabbitHandler对消息进行消费

五、发送方确认---手动应答

在RabbitMQ配置类已设置监听，并设置手动应答

生产者demo

@Component
public class DefaultSender {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    public void send(String msg) {
        String sendMsg = msg +"---"+ System.currentTimeMillis();;
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RmConst.QUEUE_USER, sendMsg);
     }
}

消费者demo

@Component
public class UserReceiver implements ChannelAwareMessageListener {
    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
        try {
            String msg = new String(message.getBody());
            System.out.println("UserReceiver>>>>>>>接收到消息:"+msg);
            try {
                channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),false);
                System.out.println("UserReceiver>>>>>>消息已消费");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println(e.getMessage());
                channel.basicNack(message.getMessageProperties().
                		          getDeliveryTag(),
                                  false,true);
                System.out.println("UserReceiver>>>>>>拒绝消息，要求Mq重新派发");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

由于在RabbitMQ配置类中我们设置了监听UserQueued，这里无需使用@RabbitListener注解

通过实现ChannelAwareMessageListener监听器的方法onMessage

当处理失败，可以拒绝消息

六、Fanout交换器

生产者demo

@Component
public class FanoutSender {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void send(String msg) {
        String sendMsg = msg +"---"+ System.currentTimeMillis();
        //Fanout交换器无需路由键
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RmConst.EXCHANGE_FANOUT, "",sendMsg);
    }
}

消费者demo

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "sb.fanout.A")
public class FanoutReceiver {
    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("FanoutReceiver : " + hello);
    }
}