前言
学校的双选会来的人招程序员全是皮包教育机构,离谱,来多少是多少,还有的一次性招200多个,这是要创业新公司吗,昨天给我干的头疼
练习
盛最多水的容器
给定一个长度为 n 的整数数组 height 。有 n 条垂线,第 i 条线的两个端点是 (i, 0) 和 (i, height[i]) 。
找出其中的两条线,使得它们与 x 轴共同构成的容器可以容纳最多的水。
返回容器可以储存的最大水量。
说明:你不能倾斜容器。
示例 1:
输入:[1,8,6,2,5,4,8,3,7]
输出:49
解释:图中垂直线代表输入数组 [1,8,6,2,5,4,8,3,7]。在此情况下,容器能够容纳水(表示为蓝色部分)的最大值为 49。
示例 2:
输入:height = [1,1]
输出:1
class Solution {
public int maxArea(int[] height) {
int i = 0, j = height.length - 1, res = 0;
while(i < j) {
res = height[i] < height[j] ?
Math.max(res, (j - i) * height[i++]):
Math.max(res, (j - i) * height[j--]);
}
return res;
}
}
哈哈 经典两for循环时间超时
哎,真的除了for循环我都不会写别的了
没什么好解释的
大神代码的思路
两个指针,分别从左右两边开始记录高度
根据题意知道S(i,j)=min(h[i],h[j])×(j−i) 面积=(j-i)×最小的板高
所以 判断两个指针的长度,谁板高小,移动那个板子,并计算面积
也就是说 移动短板 面积可能增大 移动长版 面积一定变小
所以判断,返回值
八股
spring 事务实现方式有哪些
编程式事务管理对基于 POJO 的应用来说是唯一选择。我们需要在代码中调用beginTransaction()、commit()、rollback()等事务管理相关的方法,这就是编程式事务管理。
基于 TransactionProxyFactoryBean 的声明式事务管理
基于 @Transactional 的声明式事务管理
基于 Aspectj AOP 配置事务
说一下 spring 的事务隔离
脏读 一个事务读到另一个事务未提交的更新数据。
幻读 第一个事务对一个表中的数据进行了修改,比如这种修改涉及到表中的“全部数据行”。同时,第二个事务也修改这个表中的数据,这种修改是向表中插入“一行新数据”。那么,以后就会发生操作第一个事务的用户发现表中还存在没有修改的数据行,就好象发生了幻觉一样。
不可重复读 比方说在同一个事务中先后执行两条一模一样的select语句,期间在此次A事务中没有执行过任何DDL语句,但先后得到的结果不一致,因为B事务在期间修改了,这就是不可重复读。
说一下 spring mvc 运行流程
Spring运行流程描述:
1. 用户向服务器发送请求,请求被Spring 前端控制Servelt DispatcherServlet捕获;
2. DispatcherServlet对请求URL进行解析,得到请求资源标识符(URI)。然后根据该URI,调用HandlerMapping获得该Handler配置的所有相关的对象(包括Handler对象以及Handler对象对应的拦截器),最后以HandlerExecutionChain对象的形式返回;
3. DispatcherServlet 根据获得的Handler,选择一个合适的HandlerAdapter;(附注:如果成功获得HandlerAdapter后,此时将开始执行拦截器的preHandler(...)方法)
4. 提取Request中的模型数据,填充Handler入参,开始执行Handler(Controller)。 在填充Handler的入参过程中,根据你的配置,Spring将帮你做一些额外的工作:
HttpMessageConveter: 将请求消息(如Json、xml等数据)转换成一个对象,将对象转换为指定的响应信息
数据转换:对请求消息进行数据转换。如String转换成Integer、Double等
数据根式化:对请求消息进行数据格式化。 如将字符串转换成格式化数字或格式化日期等
数据验证: 验证数据的有效性(长度、格式等),验证结果存储到BindingResult或Error中
5. Handler执行完成后,向DispatcherServlet 返回一个ModelAndView对象;
6. 根据返回的ModelAndView,选择一个适合的ViewResolver(必须是已经注册到Spring容器中的ViewResolver)返回给DispatcherServlet ;
7. ViewResolver 结合Model和View,来渲染视图;
8. 将渲染结果返回给客户端。
简单说:用户请求被中央处理器捕获,并分解其url出uri,让uri通过处理器映射找到相应的处理器适配器,然后通过对应的控制器填入参数执行操作,处理器完成后向中央控制器返回一个模型和视图对象,根据这个找到对应视图分析器返回中央处理器来渲染视图,再返回客户端。
== 和 equals 的区别是什么?
==比较基本类型是值比较 比较引用类型是引用地址比较
equals一般是引用比较 因string和integer重写了 所以是值比较
== 对于基本类型来说是值比较,对于引用类型来说是比较的是引用;而 equals 默认情况下是引用比较,只是很多类重新了 equals 方法,比如 String、Integer 等把它变成了值比较,所以一般情况下 equals 比较的是值是否相等。
基于阳哥第二季的SpringCloud(第八天)
SpringCloud Alibaba Sentinel实现熔断与限流
Sentinel
官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel
中文
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D
是什么
一句话解释,之前我们讲解过的Hystrix
去哪下
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases
能干嘛
怎么玩
服务使用中的各种问题
服务雪崩
服务降级
服务熔断
服务限流
安装Sentinel控制台
sentinel组件由2部分构成
后台
前台8080
安装步骤
下载
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases
下载到本地sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
运行命令
前提
java8环境OK
8080端口不能被占用
命令
java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
访问sentinel管理界面
登录账号密码均为sentinel
初始化演示工程
启动Nacos8848成功
http://localhost:8848/nacos/#/login
Module
cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud190805</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续做持久化用到-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
<artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--openfeign-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件+actuator -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>4.6.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
YML
server:
port: 8401
spring:
application:
name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
#Nacos服务注册中心地址
server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
transport:
#配置Sentinel dashboard地址
dashboard: localhost:8080
#默认8719端口,假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
port: 8719
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-09 18:49
*/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApp8401
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainApp8401.class, args);
}
}
业务类FlowLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-01-09 16:34
*/
@RestController
public class FlowLimitController
{
@GetMapping("/testA")
public String testA()
{
return "------testA";
}
@GetMapping("/testB")
public String testB()
{
return "------testB";
}
}
启动Sentinel8080
java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
启动微服务8401
启动8401微服务后查看sentienl控制台
空空如也,啥都没有
Sentinel采用的懒加载说明
执行一次访问即可
效果
结论
sentinel8080正在监控微服务8401
流控规则
基本介绍
进一步解释说明
流控模式
直接(默认)
直接->快速失败
系统默认
配置及说明
表示1秒钟内查询1次就是OK,若超过次数1,就直接-快速失败,报默认错误
测试
快速点击访问http://localhost:8401/testA
结果
Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
思考???
直接调用默认报错信息,技术方面OK but,是否应该有我们自己的后续处理?
类似有个fallback的兜底方法?
关联
是什么
当关联的资源达到阈值时,就限流自己
当与A关联的资源B达到阀值后,就限流A自己
B惹事,A挂了
配置A
设置效果
当关联资源/testB的qps阀值超过1时,就限流/testA的Rest访问地址,
当关联资源到阈值后限制配置好的资源名
postman模拟并发密集访问testB
访问testB成功
postman里新建多线程集合组
将访问地址添加进新新线程组
Run
大批量线程高并发访问B,导致A失效了
运行后发现testA挂了
点击访问http://localhost:8401/testA
结果
Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
链路
多个请求调用了同一个微服务
家庭作业试试
流控效果
直接->快速失败(默认的流控处理)
直接失败,抛出异常
Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
源码
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.DefaultController
预热
说明
公式:阈值除以coldFactor(默认值为3),经过预热时长后才会达到阈值
官网
默认coldFactor为3,即请求 QPS 从 threshold / 3 开始,经预热时长逐渐升至设定的 QPS 阈值。
限流 冷启动
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81---%E5%86%B7%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8
源码
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.WarmUpController
WarmUp配置
默认 coldFactor 为 3,即请求QPS从(threshold / 3) 开始,
经多少预热时长才逐渐升至设定的 QPS 阈值。
案例,阀值为10+预热时长设置5秒。
系统初始化的阀值为10 / 3 约等于3,即阀值刚开始为3;然后过了5秒后阀值才慢慢升高恢复到10
多次点击http://localhost:8401/testB
刚开始不行,后续慢慢OK
应用场景
如:秒杀系统在开启的瞬间,会有很多流量上来,很有可能把系统打死,
预热方式就是把为了保护系统,可慢慢的把流量放进来,慢慢的把阀值增长到设置的阀值。
排队等待
匀速排队,阈值必须设置为QPS
匀速排队,让请求以均匀的速度通过,阀值类型必须设成QPS,否则无效。
设置含义:/testA每秒1次请求,超过的话就排队等待,等待的超时时间为20000毫秒。
官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6
源码
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.RateLimiterController
测试
降级规则
官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%86%94%E6%96%AD%E9%99%8D%E7%BA%A7
基本介绍
进一步说明
Sentinel 熔断降级会在调用链路中某个资源出现不稳定状态时(例如调用超时或异常比例升高)
,对这个资源的调用进行限制,
让请求快速失败,避免影响到其它的资源而导致级联错误。
当资源被降级后,在接下来的降级时间窗口之内,
对该资源的调用都自动熔断(默认行为是抛出 DegradeException)。
Sentinel的断路器是没有半开状态的
半开的状态系统自动去检测是否请求有异常, 没有异常就关闭断路器恢复使用, 有异常则继续打开断路器不可用。具体可以参考Hystrix
降级策略实战
RT
是什么
测试
代码
@GetMapping("/testD")
public String testD()
{
//暂停几秒钟线程
try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
log.info("testD 测试RT");
return "------testD";
}
配置
jmeter压测
结论
按照上述配置,
永远一秒钟打进来10个线程(大于5个了)调用testD,我们希望200毫秒处理完本次任务,
如果超过200毫秒还没处理完,在未来1秒钟的时间窗口内,断路器打开(保险丝跳闸)微服务不可用,
保险丝跳闸断电了
后续我停止jmeter,没有这么大的访问量了,断路器关闭(保险丝恢复),微服务恢复OK
异常比例
是什么
测试
代码
@GetMapping("/testD")
public String testD()
{
log.info("testD 测试RT");
int age = 10/0;
return "------testD";
}
配置
jmeter
结论
按照上述配置,
单独访问一次,必然来一次报错一次(int age = 10/0),调一次错一次;
开启jmeter后,直接高并发发送请求,多次调用达到我们的配置条件了。
断路器开启(保险丝跳闸),微服务不可用了,不再报错error而是服务降级了。
异常数
是什么
时间窗口一定要大于等于60秒。
异常数是按照分钟统计的
测试
代码
@GetMapping("/testE")
public String testE()
{
log.info("testE 测试异常比例");
int age = 10/0;
return "------testE 测试异常比例";
}
配置
http://localhost:8401/testE,第一次访问绝对报错,因为除数不能为零,
我们看到error窗口,但是达到5次报错后,进入熔断后降级。
jmeter
热点key限流
基本介绍
是什么
何为热点
热点即经常访问的数据,很多时候我们希望统计或者限制某个热点数据中访问频次最高的TopN数据,
并对其访问进行限流或者其它操作
官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E7%82%B9%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81
承上启下复习start
兜底方法
分为系统默认和客户自定义,两种
之前的case,限流出问题后,都是用sentinel系统默认的提示:Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
我们能不能自定?类似hystrix,某个方法出问题了,就找对应的兜底降级方法?
结论
从HystrixCommand 到@SentinelResource
@SentinelResource
代码
@GetMapping("/testHotKey")
@SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey",blockHandler = "dealHandler_testHotKey")
public String testHotKey(@RequestParam(value = "p1",required = false) String p1,
@RequestParam(value = "p2",required = false) String p2){
return "------testHotKey";
}
public String dealHandler_testHotKey(String p1,String p2,BlockException exception)
{
return "-----dealHandler_testHotKey";
}
sentinel系统默认的提示:Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException
配置
限流模式只支持QPS模式,固定写死了。(这才叫热点)
@SentinelResource注解的方法参数索引,0代表第一个参数,1代表第二个参数,以此类推
单机阀值以及统计窗口时长表示在此窗口时间超过阀值就限流。
上面的抓图就是第一个参数有值的话,1秒的QPS为1,超过就限流,
限流后调用dealHandler_testHotKey支持方法。
配置
1
@SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey")
异常打到了前台用户界面看到,不友好
2
@SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey",blockHandler = "dealHandler_testHotKey")
方法testHotKey里面第一个参数只要QPS超过每秒1次,马上降级处理
用了我们自己定义的
测试
error
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=abc
error
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=abc&p2=33
right
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p2=abc
参数例外项
上述案例演示了第一个参数p1,当QPS超过1秒1次点击后马上被限流
特例情况
普通
超过1秒钟一个后,达到阈值1后马上被限流
我们期望p1参数当它是某个特殊值时,它的限流值和平时不一样
特例
假如当p1的值等于5时,它的阈值可以达到200
配置
测试
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=5
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=3
当p1等于5的时候,阈值变为200
当p1不等于5的时候,阈值就是平常的1
前提条件
热点参数的注意点,参数必须是基本类型或者String
其它
手贱添加异常看看....../(ㄒoㄒ)/~~
后面讲
@SentinelResource
处理的是Sentinel控制台配置的违规情况,有blockHandler方法配置的兜底处理;
RuntimeException
int age = 10/0,这个是java运行时报出的运行时异常RunTimeException,@SentinelResource不管
总结
@SentinelResource主管配置出错,运行出错该走异常走异常
系统规则
是什么
各项配置参数说明
配置全局QPS
@SentinelResource
按资源名称限流+后续处理
启动Nacos成功
http://localhost:8848/nacos/#/login
启动Sentinel成功
java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
Module
cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续做持久化用到-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
<artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--openfeign-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件+actuator -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>4.6.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
YML
server:
port: 8401
spring:
application:
name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
sentinel:
transport:
dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
port: 8719
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
业务类RateLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 16:50
*/
@RestController
public class RateLimitController
{
@GetMapping("/byResource")
@SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException")
public CommonResult byResource()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001"));
}
public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception)
{
return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用");
}
}
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-09 18:49
*/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApp8401
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainApp8401.class, args);
}
}
配置流控规则
配置步骤
图形配置和代码关系
表示1秒钟内查询次数大于1,就跑到我们自定义的处流,限流
测试
1秒钟点击1下,OK
超过上述,疯狂点击,返回了自己定义的限流处理信息,限流发生
额外问题
此时关闭问服务8401看看
Sentinel控制台,流控规则消失了?????
临时/持久?
按照Url地址限流+后续处理
通过访问的URL来限流,会返回Sentinel自带默认的限流处理信息
业务类RateLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 16:50
*/
@RestController
public class RateLimitController
{
@GetMapping("/byResource")
@SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException")
public CommonResult byResource()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001"));
}
public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception)
{
return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用");
}
@GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")
@SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")
public CommonResult byUrl()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));
}
}
访问一次
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
Sentinel控制台配置
测试
疯狂点击http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
结果
会返回Sentinel自带的限流处理结果
上面兜底方案面临的问题
1 系统默认的,没有体现我们自己的业务要求。
2 依照现有条件,我们自定义的处理方法又和业务代码耦合在一块,不直观。
3 每个业务方法都添加一个兜底的,那代码膨胀加剧。
4 全局统一的处理方法没有体现。
客户自定义限流处理逻辑
创建CustomerBlockHandler类用于自定义限流处理逻辑
自定义限流处理类
CustomerBlockHandler
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.myhandler;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-10 13:01
*/
public class CustomerBlockHandler
{
public static CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception){
return new CommonResult(2020,"自定义的限流处理信息......CustomerBlockHandler");
}
}
RateLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.myhandler.CustomerBlockHandler;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 16:50
*/
@RestController
public class RateLimitController
{
@GetMapping("/byResource")
@SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException")
public CommonResult byResource()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001"));
}
public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception)
{
return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用");
}
@GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")
@SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")
public CommonResult byUrl()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));
}
/**
* 自定义通用的限流处理逻辑,
blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class
blockHandler = handleException2
上述配置:找CustomerBlockHandler类里的handleException2方法进行兜底处理
*/
/**
* 自定义通用的限流处理逻辑
*/
@GetMapping("/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler")
@SentinelResource(value = "customerBlockHandler",
blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class, blockHandler = "handleException2")
public CommonResult customerBlockHandler()
{
return new CommonResult(200,"按客户自定义限流处理逻辑");
}
}
启动微服务后先调用一次
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler
Sentinel控制台配置
测试后我们自定义的出来了
进一步说明
更多注解属性说明
多说一句
所有的代码都要用try-catch-finally方式进行处理,o(╥﹏╥)o
Sentinel主要有三个核心Api
SphU定义资源
Tracer定义统计
ContextUtil定义了上下文
服务熔断功能
sentinel整合ribbon+openFeign+fallback
Ribbon系列
启动nacos和sentinel
提供者9003/9004
新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004两个一样的做法
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
YML
server:
port: 9003
spring:
application:
name: nacos-payment-provider
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
记得修改不同的端口号
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:53
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);
}
}
业务类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.HashMap;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:54
*/
@RestController
public class PaymentController
{
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
public static HashMap<Long,Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
static
{
hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));
hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));
hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));
}
@GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort: "+serverPort,payment);
return result;
}
}
测试地址
http://localhost:9003/paymentSQL/1
消费者84
新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
YML
server:
port: 84
spring:
application:
name: nacos-order-consumer
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
transport:
#配置Sentinel dashboard地址
dashboard: localhost:8080
#默认8719端口,假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
port: 8719
#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:
nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:22
*/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderNacosMain84
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
}
}
业务类
ApplicationContextConfig
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
{
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
CircleBreakerController
修改后请重启微服务
热部署对java代码级生效及时
对@SentinelResource注解内属性,有时效果不好
目的
fallback管运行异常
blockHandler管配置违规
测试地址
http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1
没有任何配置
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:24
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback")
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
}
给客户error页面,不友好
只配置fallback
编码
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-25 16:05
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback负责业务异常
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容 "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
图说
本例sentinel无配置
结果
只配置blockHandler
编码
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:24
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler负责在sentinel里面配置的降级限流
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,无此流水,exception "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
图说
本例sentinel需配置
结果
fallback和blockHandler都配置
编码
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:24
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler")
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,无此流水,exception "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
图说
本例sentinel需配置
结果
若 blockHandler 和 fallback 都进行了配置,
则被限流降级而抛出 BlockException 时只会进入 blockHandler 处理逻辑。
忽略属性.......
编码
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:24
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler",
exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"fallback,无此流水,exception "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
图说
本例sentinel无配置
结果
程序异常打到前台了,对用户不友好
Feign系列
修改84模块
84消费者调用提供者9003
Feign组件一般是消费侧
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--SpringCloud openfeign -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日常通用jar包配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
YML
server:
port: 84
spring:
application:
name: nacos-order-consumer
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
#Nacos服务注册中心地址
server-addr: localhost:8848
sentinel:
transport:
#配置Sentinel dashboard地址
dashboard: localhost:8080
#默认8719端口,假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
port: 8719
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
# 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
feign:
sentinel:
enabled: true
激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
业务类
带@FeignClient注解的业务接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-10 17:17
* 使用 fallback 方式是无法获取异常信息的,
* 如果想要获取异常信息,可以使用 fallbackFactory参数
*/
@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)//调用中关闭9003服务提供者
public interface PaymentService
{
@GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}
fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2019-12-10 17:18
*/
@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService
{
@Override
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id)
{
return new CommonResult<>(444,"服务降级返回,没有该流水信息",new Payment(id, "errorSerial......"));
}
}
Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-25 16:05
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
//@SentinelResource(value = "fallback") //没有配置
//@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback只负责业务异常
//@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler",
exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);
if (id == 4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
}else if (result.getData() == null) {
throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
//本例是fallback
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容 "+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
//本例是blockHandler
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) {
Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
}
//==================OpenFeign
@Resource
private PaymentService paymentService;
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/openfeign/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
if(id == 4)
{
throw new RuntimeException("没有该id");
}
return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);
}
}
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
/**
* @auther zzyy
* @create 2020-02-13 20:22
*/
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderNacosMain84
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
}
}
添加@EnableFeignClients启动Feign的功能
http://localhost:84/consumer/paymentSQL/1
测试84调用9003,此时故意关闭9003微服务提供者,看84消费侧自动降级,不会被耗死
熔断框架比较
规则持久化
是什么
一旦我们重启应用,sentinel规则将消失,生产环境需要将配置规则进行持久化
怎么玩
将限流配置规则持久化进Nacos保存,只要刷新8401某个rest地址,sentinel控制台 的流控规则就能看到,只要Nacos里面的配置不删除,针对8401上sentinel上的流控规则持续有效
步骤
修改cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401
POM
<!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
<artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>
YML
server:
port: 8401
spring:
application:
name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
sentinel:
transport:
dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
port: 8719
datasource:
ds1:
nacos:
server-addr: localhost:8848
dataId: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
groupId: DEFAULT_GROUP
data-type: json
rule-type: flow
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
feign:
sentinel:
enabled: true # 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
添加Nacos数据源配置
spring:
cloud:
sentinel:
datasource:
ds1:
nacos:
server-addr: localhost:8848
dataId: ${spring.application.name}
groupId: DEFAULT_GROUP
data-type: json
rule-type: flow
添加Nacos业务规则配置
内容解析
[
{
"resource": "/rateLimit/byUrl",
"limitApp": "default",
"grade": 1,
"count": 1,
"strategy": 0,
"controlBehavior": 0,
"clusterMode": false
}
]
resource:资源名称;
limitApp:来源应用;
grade:阈值类型,0表示线程数,1表示QPS;
count:单机阈值;
strategy:流控模式,0表示直接,1表示关联,2表示链路;
controlBehavior:流控效果,0表示快速失败,1表示Warm Up,2表示排队等待;
clusterMode:是否集群。
启动8401后刷新sentinel发现业务规则有了
快速访问测试接口
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
默认
停止8401再看sentinel
重新启动8401再看sentinel
乍一看还是没有,稍等一会儿
多次调用
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
重新配置出现了,持久化验证通过
总结
今天早早的就学了,比平常早俩小时,所以今天结束的早
下一阶段准备先去看看面试题,我看有系统的面试题讲解,至于redis,我说实话只会用,但是仅限会用,别的都没学,主要是学docker的时候例子是redis
本来想开项目的,但说实话,不是公司的项目人家一眼就看出来了,自己顶多算是搬运别人的项目,这种东西慢慢来吧,刚准备学dubbo 发现尚硅谷的系统学习里面没了,也不知道什么情况,k8s还有,但是没准备现在学,马上毕业了,最后一个月的学习时间,之后就是找工作,哎,真的麻了,上次找工作的阴影还在,郑州也太多皮包教育机构公司了,说的人浮想连连,就差走上ceo了,真的挺想在河南发展的,但是想干事的公司不要实习生,麻了,不会你教啊,进去混日子就把我踢了不行了,真的来气,面一家就是一家培训,跟程序员无关的就是销售,没了,麻了。