nginx的安装和配置

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-28 14:20:34 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-28 14:20:34 发布

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分类专栏：安装配置文章标签： nginx 安装

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qwerdfgg/article/details/97808132

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nginx安装

nginx安装(Linux版本)
nginx安装（Windows版）

nginx安装(Linux版本)

系统平台：CentOS release 6.6 (Final) 64位。

前期准备

一、安装编译工具及库文件
yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 8238.
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
  The other application is: PackageKit
    Memory :  25 M RSS (334 MB VSZ)
    Started: Tue Jul 30 02:29:05 2019 - 00:54 ago
    State  : Sleeping, pid: 8238
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
  The other application is: PackageKit
    Memory :  25 M RSS (334 MB VSZ)
    Started: Tue Jul 30 02:29:05 2019 - 00:56 ago
    State  : Sleeping, pid: 8238

下面省略了好多,等运行结束就可以了

 [root@localhost ~]#  yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Setting up Install Process
Package 1:make-3.81-23.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package zlib-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package gcc-c++-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package libtool-2.2.6-15.5.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package openssl-1.0.1e-57.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package openssl-devel-1.0.1e-57.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

出现了如上,则说明第一步已经完成
二、首先要安装 PCRE

PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

1、下载 PCRE 安装包，下载地址： http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

出现这个说明下载成功

--2019-07-30 04:38:11--  http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
Resolving downloads.sourceforge.net... 216.105.38.13
Connecting to downloads.sourceforge.net|216.105.38.13|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz [following]
--2019-07-30 04:38:24--  https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
Resolving nchc.dl.sourceforge.net... 211.79.60.17, 2001:e10:ffff:1f02::17
Connecting to nchc.dl.sourceforge.net|211.79.60.17|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1996552 (1.9M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: “pcre-8.35.tar.gz”

2、解压安装包:

[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz

3、进入安装包目录

[root@localhost src]# cd pcre-8.35

4、编译安装

[root@localhost pcre-8.35]# ./configure
[root@localhost pcre-8.35]# make && make install

5、查看pcre版本

[root@localhost pcre-8.35]# pcre-config --version
8.35

安装 Nginx

1、下载 Nginx，下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhostsrc]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
--2019-07-30 05:13:23--  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
Resolving nginx.org... 62.210.92.35, 95.211.80.227, 2001:1af8:4060:a004:21::e3
Connecting to nginx.org|62.210.92.35|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 804164 (785K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: “nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz”

100%[=====================================================================================================================================================>] 804,164     3.24K/s   in 5m 15s  

2019-07-30 05:18:41 (2.49 KB/s) - “nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz” saved [804164/804164]

2、解压安装包

[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

3、进入安装包目录

[root@localhost src]# cd nginx-1.6.2

4、编译安装

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35 [root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]# make
[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]# make install

5、查看nginx版本

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -v

nginx配置

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]# cd conf
[root@localhost conf]# ls
fastcgi.conf  fastcgi_params  koi-utf  koi-win  mime.types  nginx.conf  scgi_params  uwsgi_params  win-utf

创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 www：

[root@localhost conf]# /usr/sbin/groupadd www
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

配置nginx.conf(核心配置文件) ，将/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容
非常重要，下一篇文章进行详解（下面这个配置有点乱，可以不看，看下一篇文章）

[root@localhost conf]# cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user www www; worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致 error_log
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别 pid
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; events { use epoll;
worker_connections 65535; } http { include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main
'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$ time_local] “ $KaTeX parse error: Double superscript at position 27: \dots '̲$ status $body_bytes_sent "$ http_referer” ’
‘"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for’;
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout
300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css
application/xml; gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 26: \dotsote_addr 10m; #̲下面是server虚拟主机的配\dots$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
location ~ ..(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$
{
expires 30d; # access_log off;
}
location ~ ..(js|css)?$
{
expires 15d; # access_log off;
}
access_log off; }

}

检查配置文件nginx.conf的正确性命令：

[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

启动 Nginx

Nginx 启动命令如下：

[root@lcoalhost conf]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

访问站点
从浏览器访问我们配置的站点ip：
效果如下:

在这里插入图片描述

Nginx 其他命令

以下包含了 Nginx 常用的几个命令：

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload # 重新载入配置文件
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen # 重启 Nginx
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop # 停止 Nginx

nginx安装（Windows版）

1.下载nginx

http://nginx.org/en/download.html
下载Windows版本，以nginx/Windows-1.15.10为例，直接下载 nginx-1.15.10.zip
下载后解压，解压后如下

在这里插入图片描述
2.启动nginx

有很多种方法启动nginx (1)直接双击nginx.exe，双击后一个黑色的弹窗一闪而过（尽量不要直接双击，可能会出问题）
(2)打开cmd命令窗口，切换到nginx解压目录下，输入命令 nginx.exe 或者 start nginx ，回车即可

3.检查nginx是否启动成功

直接在浏览器地址栏输入网址 http://localhost:80，回车，出现以下页面说明启动成功

在这里插入图片描述

也可以在cmd命令窗口输入命令 tasklist /fi “imagename eq nginx.exe” ，出现如下结果说明启动成功

在这里插入图片描述

nginx的配置文件是conf目录下的nginx.conf，默认配置的nginx监听的端口为80，如果80端口被占用可以修改为未被占用的端口即可

检查80端口是否被占用的命令是： netstat -ano | findstr 0.0.0.0:80 或 netstat -ano |
findstr “80” 当我们修改了nginx的配置文件nginx.conf 时，不需要关闭nginx后重新启动nginx，只需要执行命令
nginx -s reload 即可让改动生效

4.关闭nginx（切记不要开多个nginx，正常情况如上图）

如果使用cmd命令窗口启动nginx，关闭cmd窗口是不能结束nginx进程的，可使用两种方法关闭nginx (1)输入nginx命令
nginx -s stop(快速停止nginx) 或 nginx -s quit(完整有序的停止nginx) (2)使用taskkill
taskkill /f /t /im nginx.exe