windows下git工具的简使用教程

1.下载安装

官网下载地址

1.1 查看是否安装完成

• 安装完成后，在开始菜单里找到“Git”->“Git Bash”，蹦出一个类似命令行窗口的东西，就说明Git安装成功！
  

1.2 配置

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 ~
$ git config --global user.name "zhy"     ## 设置用户名和邮箱
ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 ~
$ git config --global user.email "1xxxxxxx@qq.com"

1.3 创建版本库

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 ~
$ cd /d/git/git-config/    ##不想在c盘操作可以切换到别的盘符

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config
$ mkdir learngit         ##创建一个空文件夹

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config
$ cd learngit/

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit
$ pwd
/d/git/git-config/learngit

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit
$ git init            ##初始化，文件夹必须是空的
Initialized empty Git repository in D:/git/git-config/learngit/.git/

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit (master)
$ pwd
/d/git/git-config/learngit

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit (master)
$ ll -a   ##出现.git文件，说明安装成功
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 1 ZHY 197121 0  3月  4 20:45 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 ZHY 197121 0  3月  4 20:45 ../
drwxr-xr-x 1 ZHY 197121 0  3月  4 20:45 .git/

1.4 编写一个readme.txt文件

##Git命令必须在Git仓库目录内执行（git init除外）
ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit (master)
$ git add readme.txt     ##出现错误是因为这个文件是没有的，必须文件存在才能使用add，把文件添加到仓库
fatal: pathspec 'readme.txt' did not match any files

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit (master)
$ vim  readme.txt    ##书写文件，可以去该目录下创建文件，也可以使用vim

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit (master)
$ cat readme.txt      ##查看文件内容
Git is a version control system.
Git is free software.

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit (master)
$ git add readme.txt     ##添加文件到仓库.add只是把文件都放到暂存区。commit之后才会提交到工作区
warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in readme.txt.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit (master)
$ git commit -m "wrote a readme file"     ##提交文件到仓库，-m表示本次提交说明
[master (root-commit) c4d29b0] wrote a readme file
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 readme.txt

1.5 远程拉取github上的仓库

ZHY@ZHY MINGW64 /d/git/git-config/learngit (master)
$ git clone https://github.com/仓库名/test

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