How to install WebVirtMgr in Centos 7

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-17 10:57:32 发布
最新推荐文章于 2022-08-17 10:57:32 发布
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分类专栏： Virtualization 文章标签： CentOS 7 WebVirtMgr KVM
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qwfys200/article/details/103289404
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安装

[root@urumqi ~]# dnf install git python-pip libvirt-python libxml2-python python-websockify python-devel
firmware for qemu, built by jenkins, fresh from 0.0  B/s |   0  B     00:00    
firmware for qemu, built by jenkins, fresh from git repos                                                                                                                                                     1.2 kB/s | 8.0 kB     00:06    
CentOS-7 - Base                                                                                                                                                                                               0.0  B/s |   0  B     00:00    
CentOS-7 - Updates                                                                                                                                                                                            0.0  B/s |   0  B     00:00    
CentOS-7 - Updates                                                                                                                                                                                            2.3 MB/s | 5.4 MB     00:02    
CentOS-7 - Extras                                                                                                                                                                                             0.0  B/s |   0  B     00:00    
No match for argument: python-pip
Package libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64 is already installed.
Package libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 is already installed.
No match for argument: python-websockify
Error: Unable to find a match: python-pip python-websockify
[root@urumqi ~]#

这里怀疑dnf不稳定，所以下面改为yum安装方式。

[root@urumqi ~]# yum -y install git python-pip libvirt-python libxml2-python python-websockify python-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
base                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
qemu-firmware-jenkins                                                                                                                                                                                                  | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
qemu-firmware-jenkins/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                       | 7.9 kB  00:00:06     
No package python-pip available.
Package libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
No package python-websockify available.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package git.x86_64 0:1.8.3.1-20.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl-Git = 1.8.3.1-20.el7 for package: git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: rsync for package: git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Term::ReadKey) for package: git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Git) for package: git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Error) for package: git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64
---> Package python-devel.x86_64 0:2.7.5-86.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python2-rpm-macros > 3-30 for package: python-devel-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: python-rpm-macros > 3-30 for package: python-devel-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Error.noarch 1:0.17020-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Git.noarch 0:1.8.3.1-20.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-TermReadKey.x86_64 0:2.30-20.el7 will be installed
---> Package python-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-32.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-srpm-macros for package: python-rpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch
---> Package python2-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-32.el7 will be installed
---> Package rsync.x86_64 0:3.1.2-6.el7_6.1 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-srpm-macros.noarch 0:3-32.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                          Arch                                                 Version                                                       Repository                                          Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 git                                                              x86_64                                               1.8.3.1-20.el7                                                base                                               4.4 M
 python-devel                                                     x86_64                                               2.7.5-86.el7                                                  base                                               398 k
Installing for dependencies:
 perl-Error                                                       noarch                                               1:0.17020-2.el7                                               base                                                32 k
 perl-Git                                                         noarch                                               1.8.3.1-20.el7                                                base                                                55 k
 perl-TermReadKey                                                 x86_64                                               2.30-20.el7                                                   base                                                31 k
 python-rpm-macros                                                noarch                                               3-32.el7                                                      base                                               8.8 k
 python-srpm-macros                                               noarch                                               3-32.el7                                                      base                                               8.4 k
 python2-rpm-macros                                               noarch                                               3-32.el7                                                      base                                               7.7 k
 rsync                                                            x86_64                                               3.1.2-6.el7_6.1                                               base                                               404 k

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  2 Packages (+7 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 5.3 M
Installed size: 24 M
Downloading packages:
(1/9): perl-Error-0.17020-2.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                                                             |  32 kB  00:00:01     
(2/9): perl-Git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                                                              |  55 kB  00:00:00     
(3/9): perl-TermReadKey-2.30-20.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                         |  31 kB  00:00:00     
(4/9): python-devel-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                            | 398 kB  00:00:00     
(5/9): python-rpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                                                           | 8.8 kB  00:00:00     
(6/9): python-srpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                                                          | 8.4 kB  00:00:00     
(7/9): python2-rpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                                                          | 7.7 kB  00:00:00     
(8/9): rsync-3.1.2-6.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                | 404 kB  00:00:00     
(9/9): git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                   | 4.4 MB  00:00:01     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                                                                                                                         2.8 MB/s | 5.3 MB  00:00:01     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
  Installing : 1:perl-Error-0.17020-2.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                          1/9 
  Installing : rsync-3.1.2-6.el7_6.1.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                               2/9 
  Installing : python2-rpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                         3/9 
  Installing : python-srpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                         4/9 
  Installing : python-rpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                          5/9 
  Installing : perl-TermReadKey-2.30-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                        6/9 
  Installing : perl-Git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                             7/9 
  Installing : git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                  8/9 
  Installing : python-devel-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                           9/9 
  Verifying  : perl-TermReadKey-2.30-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                        1/9 
  Verifying  : 1:perl-Error-0.17020-2.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                          2/9 
  Verifying  : python-devel-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                           3/9 
  Verifying  : git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                  4/9 
  Verifying  : perl-Git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                             5/9 
  Verifying  : python-srpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                         6/9 
  Verifying  : python2-rpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                         7/9 
  Verifying  : python-rpm-macros-3-32.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                          8/9 
  Verifying  : rsync-3.1.2-6.el7_6.1.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                               9/9 

Installed:
  git.x86_64 0:1.8.3.1-20.el7                                                                                        python-devel.x86_64 0:2.7.5-86.el7                                                                                       

Dependency Installed:
  perl-Error.noarch 1:0.17020-2.el7    perl-Git.noarch 0:1.8.3.1-20.el7    perl-TermReadKey.x86_64 0:2.30-20.el7    python-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-32.el7    python-srpm-macros.noarch 0:3-32.el7    python2-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-32.el7   
  rsync.x86_64 0:3.1.2-6.el7_6.1      

Complete!
[root@urumqi ~]#

这里我们发现No package python-pip available.、No package python-websockify available.

用no package python-pip available. centos做为关键词在搜索引擎上搜索，发现普遍认为需要先安装epel-release，接下来我们安装epel-release。

[root@urumqi ~]# yum -y install epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Package epel-release-7-11.noarch already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@urumqi ~]#

也有的认为需要安装yum-utils，安装吧。

[root@urumqi ~]# yum install -y yum-utils
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-52.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-kitchen for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package                Arch           Version               Repository    Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 yum-utils              noarch         1.1.31-52.el7         base         121 k
Installing for dependencies:
 python-kitchen         noarch         1.1.1-5.el7           base         267 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 388 k
Installed size: 1.7 M
Downloading packages:
(1/2): python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm               | 267 kB   00:01     
(2/2): yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm                  | 121 kB   00:02     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                              147 kB/s | 388 kB  00:02     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch                            1/2 
  Installing : yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch                               2/2 
  Verifying  : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch                            1/2 
  Verifying  : yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch                               2/2 

Installed:
  yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-52.el7                                              

Dependency Installed:
  python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7                                           

Complete!
[root@urumqi ~]# yum install -y python-pip
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
No package python-pip available.
Error: Nothing to do
[root@urumqi ~]#
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
No package python-pip available.
Error: Nothing to do
[root@urumqi ~]# yum install -y yum-utils && yum-config-manager --enable epel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Package yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
[root@urumqi ~]# yum -y install epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Package epel-release-7-11.noarch already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@urumqi ~]#

怀疑是镜像出了问题，接下来我们打算用中国科技大学开源镜像源来替换默认镜像。
在这里插入图片描述
这是中国科技大学开源镜像站首页，如上图所示，我们需要分别点击"centos"、"epel"对应的"Help"链接，并分别进入，按照相应配置进行配置。
在这里插入图片描述
这个是centos帮助页面。按照这里的提示我们来对文件/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo做修改，具体如下：

[root@urumqi ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# ll
total 48
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  208 Nov 27 13:54 .
drwxr-xr-x. 89 root root 8192 Nov 28 10:04 ..
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1664 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1309 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  649 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  314 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  630 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1331 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 6639 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  174 Mar  1  2017 firmware.repo
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.backup
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS-Base.repo
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# cat CentOS-Base.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
# mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
# mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
# mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# 
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base                                                     | 3.6 kB     00:00     
extras                                                   | 2.9 kB     00:00     
qemu-firmware-jenkins                                    | 2.9 kB     00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): qemu-firmware-jenkins/filelists_db                                                                                                                                                                              | 6.7 kB  00:00:01     
(2/2): qemu-firmware-jenkins/other_db                                                                                                                                                                                  | 2.2 kB  00:00:01     
Metadata Cache Created
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]#

在这里插入图片描述
这是epel的帮助页面，我们看到需要使用如下命令进行修改epel的配置。

sudo yum install -y epel-release
sudo sed -e 's!^mirrorlist=!#mirrorlist=!g' \
         -e 's!^#baseurl=!baseurl=!g' \
         -e 's!//download\.fedoraproject\.org/pub!//mirrors.ustc.edu.cn!g' \
         -e 's!http://mirrors\.ustc!https://mirrors.ustc!g' \
         -i /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo

接下来，我们将会在当前系统中查找配置文件/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo与 /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo，但是我们找了一圈，发现没有找到这两个配置文件。后来在网上搜索了一下，我们在官网找到如下信息。

在这里插入图片描述

[root@urumqi /etc/yum]# cd
[root@urumqi ~]# yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cannot open: https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm. Skipping.
Error: Nothing to do
[root@urumqi ~]#

这里出了问题，可能是网络不好的原因吧，我们决定手动下载，然后放到用户目录~中，

[root@urumqi ~]# ll
total 40
dr-xr-x---.  6 root root  201 Nov 28 13:07 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 17 root root  242 Nov 20 11:39 ..
-rw-------.  1 root root 1993 Nov 19 18:45 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-------.  1 root root 7900 Nov 27 18:10 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   18 Dec 29  2013 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 Dec 29  2013 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 Dec 29  2013 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   21 Nov 26 10:36 .cache
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  100 Dec 29  2013 .cshrc
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   17 Nov 20 12:41 data
drwxr-----.  3 root root   19 Nov 20 20:18 .pki
drwx------.  2 root root   29 Nov 19 19:05 .ssh
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  129 Dec 29  2013 .tcshrc
-rw-------.  1 root root 6492 Nov 28 10:34 .viminfo
[root@urumqi ~]#

已上传守成，现在安装epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

[root@urumqi ~]# ll
total 56
dr-xr-x---.  6 root root   241 Nov 28 10:30 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 17 root root   242 Nov 20 11:39 ..
-rw-------.  1 root root  1993 Nov 19 18:45 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-------.  1 root root  7900 Nov 27 18:10 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root    18 Dec 29  2013 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   176 Dec 29  2013 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   176 Dec 29  2013 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root    21 Nov 26 10:36 .cache
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   100 Dec 29  2013 .cshrc
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root    17 Nov 20 12:41 data
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 15264 Nov 28 10:30 epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
drwxr-----.  3 root root    19 Nov 20 20:18 .pki
drwx------.  2 root root    29 Nov 19 19:05 .ssh
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   129 Dec 29  2013 .tcshrc
-rw-------.  1 root root  6602 Nov 28 10:27 .viminfo
[root@urumqi ~]# yum install epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Examining epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm: epel-release-7-12.noarch
Marking epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm as an update to epel-release-7-11.noarch
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-11 will be updated
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-12 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                   Arch                                Version                            Repository                                                  Size
===================================================================================================================================================================================
Updating:
 epel-release                              noarch                              7-12                               /epel-release-latest-7.noarch                               24 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================================================================
Upgrade  1 Package

Total size: 24 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Updating   : epel-release-7-12.noarch                                                                                                                                        1/2 
  Cleanup    : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                                                                                                                        2/2 
  Verifying  : epel-release-7-12.noarch                                                                                                                                        1/2 
  Verifying  : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                                                                                                                        2/2 

Updated:
  epel-release.noarch 0:7-12                                                                                                                                                       

Complete!
[root@urumqi ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# ll
total 64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root 4096 Nov 28 10:32 .
drwxr-xr-x. 89 root root 8192 Nov 28 10:04 ..
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1624 Nov 28 10:17 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1664 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Base.repo.backup
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1309 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  649 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  314 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  630 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1331 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 6639 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1050 Sep 18 07:25 epel.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1149 Sep 18 07:25 epel-testing.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  174 Mar  1  2017 firmware.repo
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]#

这时已经有了相关文件了，现在按照中国科学大学开源镜像站的提示对其做替换工作，具体如下所示：

[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# sed -e 's!^mirrorlist=!#mirrorlist=!g' \
>          -e 's!^#baseurl=!baseurl=!g' \
>          -e 's!//download\.fedoraproject\.org/pub!//mirrors.ustc.edu.cn!g' \
>          -e 's!http://mirrors\.ustc!https://mirrors.ustc!g' \
>          -i /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# ll
total 64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root 4096 Nov 28 10:34 .
drwxr-xr-x. 89 root root 8192 Nov 28 10:04 ..
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1624 Nov 28 10:17 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1664 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Base.repo.backup
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1309 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  649 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  314 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  630 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1331 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 6639 Sep  5 21:05 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1017 Nov 28 10:34 epel.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1116 Nov 28 10:34 epel-testing.repo
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  174 Mar  1  2017 firmware.repo
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# cat epel.repo 
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch&infra=$infra&content=$contentdir
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch/debug
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-7&arch=$basearch&infra=$infra&content=$contentdir
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/7/SRPMS
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-7&arch=$basearch&infra=$infra&content=$contentdir
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# cat epel-testing.repo 
[epel-testing]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/testing/7/$basearch
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=testing-epel7&arch=$basearch&infra=$infra&content=$contentdir
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-testing-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/testing/7/$basearch/debug
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=testing-debug-epel7&arch=$basearch&infra=$infra&content=$contentdir
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

[epel-testing-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - $basearch - Source
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/testing/7/SRPMS
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=testing-source-epel7&arch=$basearch&infra=$infra&content=$contentdir
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# 

[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                                                                                                        | 8.6 kB  00:00:00     
 * epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
base                                                                                                                                                        | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                                                                        | 5.3 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                                      | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
qemu-firmware-jenkins                                                                                                                                       | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                                     | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/6): epel/x86_64/prestodelta                                                                                                                              | 1.9 kB  00:00:01     
(2/6): epel/x86_64/filelists_db                                                                                                                             |  12 MB  00:00:02     
(3/6): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                               | 6.9 MB  00:00:01     
(4/6): epel/x86_64/other_db                                                                                                                                 | 3.3 MB  00:00:01     
(5/6): epel/x86_64/updateinfo_zck                                                                                                                           | 1.5 MB  00:00:00     
(6/6): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                               | 1.0 MB  00:00:03     
Metadata Cache Created
[root@urumqi /etc/yum.repos.d]# cd
[root@urumqi ~]#

现在我们来安装 python-pip：

[root@urumqi ~]# yum install -y python-pip
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * epel: mirror.xeonbd.com
qemu-firmware-jenkins                                                                                                                                       | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python2-pip.noarch 0:8.1.2-10.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-setuptools for package: python2-pip-8.1.2-10.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-setuptools.noarch 0:0.9.8-7.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                           Arch                                   Version                                       Repository                            Size
===================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 python2-pip                                       noarch                                 8.1.2-10.el7                                  epel                                 1.7 M
Installing for dependencies:
 python-setuptools                                 noarch                                 0.9.8-7.el7                                   base                                 397 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 2.1 M
Installed size: 9.1 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/python2-pip-8.1.2-10.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY       ]  0.0 B/s |    0 B  --:--:-- ETA 
Public key for python2-pip-8.1.2-10.el7.noarch.rpm is not installed
(1/2): python2-pip-8.1.2-10.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                  | 1.7 MB  00:00:05     
python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7. FAILED                                          
https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm: (28, 'Operation timed out after 30001 milliseconds with 0 out of 0 bytes received')
Trying other mirror.
(2/2): python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                             | 397 kB  00:00:08     
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                                                               54 kB/s | 2.1 MB  00:00:39     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Importing GPG key 0x352C64E5:
 Userid     : "Fedora EPEL (7) <epel@fedoraproject.org>"
 Fingerprint: 91e9 7d7c 4a5e 96f1 7f3e 888f 6a2f aea2 352c 64e5
 Package    : epel-release-7-12.noarch (@/epel-release-latest-7.noarch)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch                                                                                                                            1/2 
  Installing : python2-pip-8.1.2-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                 2/2 
  Verifying  : python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch                                                                                                                            1/2 
  Verifying  : python2-pip-8.1.2-10.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                 2/2 

Installed:
  python2-pip.noarch 0:8.1.2-10.el7                                                                                                                                                

Dependency Installed:
  python-setuptools.noarch 0:0.9.8-7.el7                                                                                                                                           

Complete!
[root@urumqi ~]#

考虑到最初我们在安装的时候，python-websockify没有安装成功，所以，这里重新用最初的命令来一次完整的安装：

[root@urumqi ~]# yum install git python-pip libvirt-python libxml2-python python-websockify python-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
Package git-1.8.3.1-20.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package python2-pip-8.1.2-10.el7.noarch already installed and latest version
Package libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package python-devel-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-websockify.noarch 0:0.6.0-2.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                          Arch                                                  Version                                                     Repository                                           Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 python-websockify                                                noarch                                                0.6.0-2.el7                                                 epel                                                 62 k

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 62 k
Installed size: 182 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                                                               |  62 kB  00:00:01     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                       1/1 
  Verifying  : python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7.noarch                                                                                                                                                                                       1/1 

Installed:
  python-websockify.noarch 0:0.6.0-2.el7                                                                                                                                                                                                      

Complete!
[root@urumqi ~]#

至此安装完成。

参考文献

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