Win7 CyGwin的配置

OS: Windows 7 

1. 从 http://www.cygwin.com/setup.exe下载 setup.exe 安装引导程序  
2. 双击 setup.exe 开始安装 
3. 选择安装源 Install for Internet ( 如果有上次从 Internet 下载的软件包,可以选择 Install for Local Directory 选择存放的目录即可) 
4. 定义安装目录 C:\cygwin (1) Install for : All Users (2) Default Text File Type: Unix/binary 
5. 定义下载软件所存放目录，(下次可以使用下载包从本地硬盘进行安装) .G:\Download\cywin 
6. 选择连接 Internet 的类型，根据自己的实际情况选择 
7. 选择一个镜像下载站点 
8. 选择安装软件包:在树形列表中要点开后再选择。 
(1) Admini 中选择： cygrunsrv 
(2) DOC 中选择： cygwin-doc 
(3) Net 中选择：openssh 
9. cywin 自动下载选择的软件包，并进行安装。 
10. 在我的电脑->属性->高级->环境变量中配置加入变量CYGWIN=ntsec, 
在path环境变量中加入cygwin\bin路径, 例如: ;c:\cygwin\bin 

11. 双击Windows上安装好的 Cywin快捷图标，启动 Cywin 终端后，在窗口中执行下面的操作

详细的安装步骤，以及输入的参数，如下所例：*********************************************************************************

Administrator @backup ~ 
./.bashrc -> /home/Administrator//.bashrc 
./.bash_profile -> /home/Administrator//.bash_profile 
./.inputrc -> /home/Administrator//.inputrc 
Administrator @backup ~ 
$ chmod +r /etc/group # 对文件权限 
Administrator @backup ~ 
$ chmod +r /etc/passwd # 对文件权限 
Administrator @backup ~ 
$ chmod +rwx /var/ # 对文件权限 
Administrator @backup ~ 
$ ssh-host-config # 引导SSH服务配置 
*** Info: Generating /etc/ssh_host_key 
*** Info: Generating /etc/ssh_host_rsa_key 
*** Info: Generating /etc/ssh_host_dsa_key 
*** Info: Creating default /etc/ssh_config file 
*** Info: Creating default /etc/sshd_config file 
*** Info: Privilege separation is set to yes by default since OpenSSH 3.3. 
*** Info: However, this requires a non-privileged account called sshd. 
*** Info: For more info on privilege separation read /usr/share/doc/openssh/README.privsep. 
*** Query: Should privilege separation be used? (yes/no) yes #输入yes 
*** Info: Updating /etc/sshd_config file 
*** Warning: The following functions require administrator privileges! 
*** Query: Do you want to install sshd as a service? 
*** Query: (Say "no" if it is already installed as a service) (yes/no) yes #输入yes 
*** Info: Note that the CYGWIN variable must contain at least "ntsec" 
*** Info: for sshd to be able to change user context without password. 
*** Query: Enter the value of CYGWIN for the daemon: [ntsec] ntsec #输入ntsec 
*** Info: On Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, and above, the 
*** Info: SYSTEM account cannot setuid to other users -- a capability 
*** Info: sshd requires. You need to have or to create a privileged 
*** Info: account. This script will help you do so. 
*** Info: You appear to be running Windows 2003 Server or later. On 2003 and 
*** Info: later systems, its not possible to use the LocalSystem account 
*** Info: for services that can change the user id without an explicit password 
*** Info: (such as passwordless logins [e.g. public key authentication] via sshd). 
*** Info: If you want to enable that functionality, its required to create a new 
*** Info: account with special privileges (unless a similar account already exists). 
*** Info: This account is then used to run these special servers. 
*** Info: Note that creating a new user requires that the current account have 
*** Info: Administrator privileges itself. 
*** Info: No privileged account could be found. 
*** Info: This script plans to use cyg_server. 
*** Info: cyg_server will only be used by registered services. 
*** Query: Do you want to use a different name? (yes/no) no #输入no，不指定启动用户 
*** Query: Create new privileged user account cyg_server? (yes/no) no #输入no，不指定启动用户 
*** ERROR: There was a serious problem creating a privileged user. 
*** Query: Do you want to proceed anyway? (yes/no) yes #输入yes 
*** Warning: Expected privileged user cyg_server does not exist. 
*** Warning: Defaulting to SYSTEM 
*** Info: The sshd service has been installed under the LocalSystem 
*** Info: account (also known as SYSTEM). To start the service now, call 
*** Info: `net start sshd or `cygrunsrv -S sshd. Otherwise, it 
*** Info: will start automatically after the next reboot. 
*** Info: Host configuration finished. Have fun! 
Administrator @backup ~ 
$ cygrunsrv.exe -S sshd # 启动 SSH服务 

12. 安装完成后,检查一下系统服务中是否有 CYGWIN sshd 服务, 无启动帐号. 

13. 检查系统用户 sshd 是否已启用, 并属于管理员组. 

14. 一切正常,即可启动ssh服务. 登录的用户名是sshd, 密码是 sshd用户的密码. 

注意: 使用 windows 用户本地认证 
mkpasswd -l > /etc/passwd 使用windows 用户的密码 
mkgroup -l > /etc/group 使用windows 用户组