Spring使用xml给容器添加组件

1. 新建Maven项目：spring项目。
2. 修改pom.xml，添加依赖。
   修改后的pom.xml如下所示。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

3. java目录下新建包com.example.boot.bean，在bean下新建类：User和Pet。

package com.example.boot.bean;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
public class User {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

package com.example.boot.bean;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
public class Pet {
    private String name;
}

4. resources下新建配置文件beans.xml，给容器添加组件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="user01" class="com.example.boot.bean.User">
        <property name="name" value="zhangsan"></property>
        <property name="age" value="18"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="pet01" class="com.example.boot.bean.Pet">
        <property name="name" value="tomcat"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

5. 在com.example.boot下新建主程序类MainApplication，并访问组件。

package com.example.boot;

import com.example.boot.bean.Pet;
import com.example.boot.bean.User;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MainApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        User user01 = context.getBean("user01", User.class);
        System.out.println(user01.getName()+","+user01.getAge());

        Pet pet01 = context.getBean("pet01",Pet.class);
        System.out.println(pet01.getName());
    }
}

6. 启动应用，查看控制台打印信息。