SpringBoot使用@Import给容器添加组件

@Bean给容器添加组件

1. 新建Maven工程：hello。
2. 修改pom.xml，添加依赖。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>hello</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.1</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3. 新建类com.example.boot.bean.User。

package com.example.boot.bean;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
public class User {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

4. 新建配置类com.example.boot.config.MyConfig。

package com.example.boot.config;

import com.example.boot.bean.User;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;


@Configuration
public class MyConfig {
    @Bean
    public User user01(){
        return new User("zhangsan",22);
    }
}

5. 新建主程序类com.example.boot.MainApplication。

package com.example.boot;

import com.example.boot.bean.User;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class, args);
        String[] beanNamesForType = run.getBeanNamesForType(User.class);
        for (String s : beanNamesForType) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

6. 启动应用，查看容器中的组件。
   当前只注册了user01这个组件到容器中。
   

@Import给容器添加组件

在配置类MyConfig上添加@Import({User.class, DBHelper.class})，添加User类组件、DBHelper组件，如下。

package com.example.boot.config;

import ch.qos.logback.core.db.DBHelper;
import com.example.boot.bean.User;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;


@Configuration
@Import({User.class, DBHelper.class})
public class MyConfig {
    @Bean
    public User user01(){
        return new User("zhangsan",22);
    }
}

package com.example.boot;

import ch.qos.logback.core.db.DBHelper;
import com.example.boot.bean.User;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class, args);
        String[] beanNamesForType = run.getBeanNamesForType(User.class);
        for (String s : beanNamesForType) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }

        String[] beanNamesForType1 = run.getBeanNamesForType(DBHelper.class);
        for (String s : beanNamesForType1) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

重启应用，查看容器中的组件，控制器中打印出如下信息：

com.example.boot.bean.User
user01
ch.qos.logback.core.db.DBHelper

其中，user01，是通过@Bean往容器中添加的组件。
com.example.boot.bean.user和ch.qos.logback.core.db.DBHelper，是通过@Import往容器中添加的组件。