这篇博客详细记录了在VMware环境中安装Arch Linux的步骤，包括网络配置、硬盘分区、设置代理、安装基本软件包、配置GRUB引导加载器、启用网络服务以及系统初始化设置等关键环节。遇到的问题如NAT服务未启动、手动运行dhcpcd等也在文中得到解决。
1. First, the CD will boot.
2. It shows the root console. Type in “ip addr” to confirm that the network address is configured properly (when connected using NAT).
3. One situation I ran into was: “ip addr” doesn’t show any binding of IP address to eth0 (the virtual network adapter). Investigation shows dhclient doesn’t get a configuration either. As I ran the virtual machine in VMware, I checked VMnet8 (in Windows Control Panel, Network Adapters) and found it disabled. I enabled it but it still doesn’t work. I checked online for help, and finally found that the VMware NAT service and VMware DHCP service are set to “Manual” and are not started. I started them and set them to “Automatic”. dhclient can get the IP address by using “dhclient -v -r eth0; dhclient -v eth0”.
4. Now I partition the hard disk if I haven’t done it before.
5. “cat /proc/swaps” to show the swap partitions in use. If not, use the swap partition on the hard disk.
6. Mount the root partition at /mnt. Because ext2/ext3/ext4/reiserfs are automatically detected, we just need to do “mount /dev/sda1 /mnt” (suppose /dev/sda1 is the partition).
7. Because the corporate network uses proxy servers, I use “export http_proxy=http://proxy:port/” to set the proxy server setting. Also export HTTP_PROXY for better compatibility. Optionally put the settings in proxy.sh under /etc/profile.d to make it automatic upon system start.
8. “pacstrap /mnt base base-devel” to install the “base” and “base-devel” packages. More packages can be found at https://www.archlinux.org/packages/.
9. “arch-chroot /mnt pacman -S grub-bios”; it does chroot to /mnt, and then install the grub-bios as the boot loader (for BIOS rather than EFI architecture, which is the case with VMware Player).
10. “arch-chroot /mnt” and then follow steps in https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners%27_Guide#Wired to install the kernel modules (optional). Also follow the steps in the “Configure the network-> Wired” section (“systemctl enable dhcpcd@eth0.service”). Enable “multilib” in /etc/pacman.conf as well so that 32-bit applications can also run on the 64-bit linux.
11. Install grub by using grub-install, and then configure according to https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=148038.
12. “genfstab -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab” to generate contents and append to the “fstab” file.
13. Follow steps in https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_Guide to set up the host name, time zone, locale. For the default setup, no need to do mkinitcpio (ramdisk image generation for the kernel). No need to configure the boot loader either.
14. Some handy comments: modprobe <module>; modprobe -c; dmesg; lsmod; lspci; lspci -v.
15. It seems after installation I have to manually run dhcpcd upon every boot. This is annoying. I have used the right systemctl command but it still doesn’t work.
16.
2. It shows the root console. Type in “ip addr” to confirm that the network address is configured properly (when connected using NAT).
3. One situation I ran into was: “ip addr” doesn’t show any binding of IP address to eth0 (the virtual network adapter). Investigation shows dhclient doesn’t get a configuration either. As I ran the virtual machine in VMware, I checked VMnet8 (in Windows Control Panel, Network Adapters) and found it disabled. I enabled it but it still doesn’t work. I checked online for help, and finally found that the VMware NAT service and VMware DHCP service are set to “Manual” and are not started. I started them and set them to “Automatic”. dhclient can get the IP address by using “dhclient -v -r eth0; dhclient -v eth0”.
4. Now I partition the hard disk if I haven’t done it before.
5. “cat /proc/swaps” to show the swap partitions in use. If not, use the swap partition on the hard disk.
6. Mount the root partition at /mnt. Because ext2/ext3/ext4/reiserfs are automatically detected, we just need to do “mount /dev/sda1 /mnt” (suppose /dev/sda1 is the partition).
7. Because the corporate network uses proxy servers, I use “export http_proxy=http://proxy:port/” to set the proxy server setting. Also export HTTP_PROXY for better compatibility. Optionally put the settings in proxy.sh under /etc/profile.d to make it automatic upon system start.
8. “pacstrap /mnt base base-devel” to install the “base” and “base-devel” packages. More packages can be found at https://www.archlinux.org/packages/.
9. “arch-chroot /mnt pacman -S grub-bios”; it does chroot to /mnt, and then install the grub-bios as the boot loader (for BIOS rather than EFI architecture, which is the case with VMware Player).
10. “arch-chroot /mnt” and then follow steps in https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners%27_Guide#Wired to install the kernel modules (optional). Also follow the steps in the “Configure the network-> Wired” section (“systemctl enable dhcpcd@eth0.service”). Enable “multilib” in /etc/pacman.conf as well so that 32-bit applications can also run on the 64-bit linux.
11. Install grub by using grub-install, and then configure according to https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=148038.
12. “genfstab -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab” to generate contents and append to the “fstab” file.
13. Follow steps in https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_Guide to set up the host name, time zone, locale. For the default setup, no need to do mkinitcpio (ramdisk image generation for the kernel). No need to configure the boot loader either.
14. Some handy comments: modprobe <module>; modprobe -c; dmesg; lsmod; lspci; lspci -v.
15. It seems after installation I have to manually run dhcpcd upon every boot. This is annoying. I have used the right systemctl command but it still doesn’t work.
16.
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