debian下mysql的字符串修改为utf8, utf8mb4

导入一个数据库的时候查询的汉字编码为？？？

于是

#mysql -uroot -p

#

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

ctrl+c 退出到终端

#whereis mysql

#find / -name 'my.cnf'

找到哦啊my.cnf在/etc/mysql/my.cnf

#vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

在【client】下面加入

default-character-set=utf8

在【mysqld】下面加入

default-character-set=utf8

：wq

退出后

#/etc/init.d/mysql restart

提示

root@debian:/# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Stopping MySQL database server: mysqld
.
Starting MySQL database server: mysqld.
Checking for corrupt, not cleanly closed and upgrade needing tables..

这个只是个提示，告诉你在做什么。不管它

再次进去mysql

#mysql -u root -p

#

输入

mysql> show variables like 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value           |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database   | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

修改成功。再次查询数据。就好了

注意 如果修改后不能启动报错

试试把default-character-set=utf8改为character_set_server=utf8  改成后面这个,只需要mysqld下面的.client就不需要加了

5.5后的需要用改成这几个参数 

[client]    下面加

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld] 
default-storage-engine=INNODB 
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_general_ci

如果要支持5.5以后的utf8mb4

加上以下的, 然后重启mysql, 可以通过

SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character_set_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%'; 

来查看

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[mysqld]
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4