使用IDEA搭建一个SSM框架模板

说明

没什么开发经历和编码经验，写这篇文章是因为在学习SSM时使用的是eclipse，现在想转IDEA，SSM又是我个人认真学习的一个框架，所以想在IDEA成功跑起来一个SSM框架的“模板”，省去以后的重复配置（主要是pom.xml以及各种配置文件的编写）。注：这篇文章中的配置不可能适用所有人，且在网络上借鉴了很多大神的配置（此处指路https://www.cnblogs.com/hackyo/p/6646051.html），最后花了两天终于成功在我的IDEA上跑起来，特此记录（蛤蛤蛤，主要是我太笨了！）

步骤

简要概括

1. 使用IDEA建项目，通过maven选中web模块
2. 修改目录结构、建包，目录结构如下：
   
3. 对图片中的resources下的四个配置文件及web.xml，pom.xml进行配置

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

 <groupId>com.wmr</groupId>
 <artifactId>ssmbywmr</artifactId>
 <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>war</packaging>

 <name>ssmbywmr Maven Webapp</name>
 <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
 <url>http://www.example.com</url>

 <properties>
   <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
   <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
   <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
   <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
   <!-- spring版本号 -->
   <spring.version>4.3.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
   <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
   <mybatis.version>3.4.1</mybatis.version>
 </properties>

 <dependencies>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>junit</groupId>
     <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
     <version>4.12</version>
     <scope>test</scope>
   </dependency>
   <!-- java ee -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>javax</groupId>
     <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
     <version>7.0</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
     <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
     <version>1.2.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
   <!--jstl-->
     <groupId>jstl</groupId>
     <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
     <version>1.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- JSON -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
     <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
     <version>2.8.7</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- 数据库 -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>mysql</groupId>
     <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
     <version>5.1.41</version>
     <scope>runtime</scope>
   </dependency>
   <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
     <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
     <version>0.9.5.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- MyBatis -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
     <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
     <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- mybatis/spring整合包 -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
     <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
     <version>1.3.1</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- Spring -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
     <version>${spring.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
     <version>${spring.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
     <version>${spring.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
     <version>${spring.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
     <version>${spring.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
     <version>${spring.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
     <version>${spring.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
     <version>${spring.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <!--lombok-->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
     <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.16.18</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
 </dependencies>

 <build>
   <finalName>ssmbywmr</finalName>
   <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
     <plugins>
       <plugin>
         <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
         <version>3.1.0</version>
       </plugin>
       <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
       <plugin>
         <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
         <version>3.0.2</version>
       </plugin>
       <plugin>
         <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
         <version>3.8.0</version>
       </plugin>
       <plugin>
         <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
         <version>2.22.1</version>
       </plugin>
       <plugin>
         <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
         <version>3.2.2</version>
       </plugin>
       <plugin>
         <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
         <version>2.5.2</version>
       </plugin>
       <plugin>
         <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
         <version>2.8.2</version>
       </plugin>
       <plugin>
             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
             <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
             <configuration>
                 <!-- 设置JDK版本 -->
                 <source>1.8</source>
                 <target>1.8</target>
             </configuration>
       </plugin>
     </plugins>
   </pluginManagement>
 </build>
</project>

jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#数据库地址
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/examdb2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
#用户名
jdbc.username=root
#密码
jdbc.password=root
#最大连接数
c3p0.maxPoolSize=30
#最小连接数
c3p0.minPoolSize=10
#关闭连接后不自动commit
c3p0.autoCommitOnClose=false
#获取连接超时时间
c3p0.checkoutTimeout=10000
#当获取连接失败重试次数
c3p0.acquireRetryAttempts=2

logback.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration debug="true">
    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>
    <root level="debug">
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wmr.controller"/>

    <!-- 开启SpringMVC注解模式 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 静态资源默认servlet配置 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 配置jsp 显示ViewResolver -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

spring-mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wmr.service"/>

    <!-- 配置数据库相关参数properties的属性：${url} -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${c3p0.maxPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="${c3p0.minPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="${c3p0.autoCommitOnClose}"/>
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="${c3p0.checkoutTimeout}"/>
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="${c3p0.acquireRetryAttempts}"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 扫描model包 使用别名 -->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.chatRobot.model"/>
        <!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口，注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.wmr.dao"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

</beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

  <display-name>ChatRobot</display-name>
  <description>ChatRobot_Alpha_0.0.1</description>

  <!-- 编码过滤器 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-*.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    <async-supported>true</async-supported>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <!-- 匹配所有请求，此处也可以配置成 *.do 形式 -->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

4. 将所有配置文件写好之后，可以检查一下自己的数据库连接。（ps:因为是刚接触IDEA，且没什么编码经验，一直忽略这方面，所以我严重怀疑这个数据库的问题导致我一直没有成功运行），可以在项目右上角，有一个Database里面进行设置，我用的MySQL数据库。
5. 将配置文件中的扫描配置和数据库连接信息进行修改，之后可以启动tomcat，看看能否启动成功并显示"hello world"。
6. 编写pojo,dao,mapper.xml,service,impl,controller进行测试，下面是我的接口以及类。

pojo类GradeInfo：

package com.wmr.pojo;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class GradeInfo {
    private Integer gradeId;
    private String gradeName;

    public Integer getGradeId() {
        return gradeId;
    }

    public void setGradeId(Integer gradeId) {
        this.gradeId = gradeId;
    }

    public String getGradeName() {
        return gradeName;
    }

    public void setGradeName(String gradeName) {
        this.gradeName = gradeName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "GradeInfo{" +
                "gradeId=" + gradeId +
                ", gradeName='" + gradeName + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

DAO层接口GradeMapper:

package com.wmr.dao;

import com.wmr.pojo.GradeInfo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface GradeMapper {
    public GradeInfo getGradesById(int id);
}

接口映射文件GradeMapper.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- 接口方法提供sql语句配置 -->
<mapper namespace="com.wmr.dao.GradeMapper">

    <select id="getGradesById" resultType="com.wmr.pojo.GradeInfo" parameterType="int">
        SELECT * FROM gradeinfo where gradeId=#{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

Service层接口GradeService：

package com.wmr.service;

import com.wmr.pojo.GradeInfo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public interface GradeService {
    public GradeInfo getGradesById(int id);
}

实现类GradeServiceImpl：

package com.wmr.service.impl;

import com.wmr.dao.GradeMapper;
import com.wmr.pojo.GradeInfo;
import com.wmr.service.GradeService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class GradeServiceImpl implements GradeService {
  @Autowired
    private GradeMapper gradeMapper;
    public GradeInfo getGradesById(int id) {
        return gradeMapper.getGradesById(id);
    }
}

控制层GradeController：

package com.wmr.controller;

import com.wmr.pojo.GradeInfo;
import com.wmr.service.GradeService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class GradeController {
    @Autowired
    private GradeService gradeService;
    @RequestMapping("/hello2")
    public ModelAndView hello2() {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("aaa");
        GradeInfo grade = gradeService.getGradesById(1);
        modelAndView.addObject("grade", grade);
        return modelAndView;
    }
}

index.xml(默认页面)：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<a href="../hello2">点击测试</a>
</body>
</html>

views文件夹下的aaa.jsp:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>测试</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" bgcolor="#ff1493">
    <tr>
        <th>年级序号</th>
        <th>年级名称</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>${grade.gradeId}</td>
        <td>${grade.gradeName}</td>
    </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

注意

数据库名称examdb2，表名gradeinfo，两个字段gradeId,gradeName。

第一次发表文章，如有不妥之处请见谅。不期待浏览量，只用来记录自己的学习过程。