图型验证码的生成和校验

1.生成随机的字符串。

2.生成图片，Base64Util进行转码传输到前端。

3.校验图型验证码。

 

一、验证码和图型生成类

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.math.NumberUtils;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * 生成随机验证码
 */
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class ValidateCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public static final String VALIDATE_CODE = "validateCode";

	private int w = 70;
	private int h = 26;

	public ValidateCodeServlet() {
		super();
	}

	public void destroy() {
		super.destroy();
	}

	public static boolean validate(HttpServletRequest request, String validateCode){
		String code = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute(VALIDATE_CODE);
		return validateCode.toUpperCase().equals(code);
	}

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		String validateCode = request.getParameter(VALIDATE_CODE); // AJAX验证，成功返回true
		if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(validateCode)){
			response.getOutputStream().print(validate(request, validateCode)?"true":"false");
		}else{
			this.doPost(request, response);
		}
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		createImage(request,response);
	}

	private void createImage(HttpServletRequest request,
                             HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

		response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
		response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
		response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
		response.setContentType("image/jpeg");

		/*
		 * 得到参数高，宽，都为数字时，则使用设置高宽，否则使用默认值
		 */
		String width = request.getParameter("width");
		String height = request.getParameter("height");
		if (StringUtils.isNumeric(width) && StringUtils.isNumeric(height)) {
			w = NumberUtils.toInt(width);
			h = NumberUtils.toInt(height);
		}

		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		Graphics g = image.getGraphics();

		/*
		 * 生成背景
		 */
		createBackground(g);

		/*
		 * 生成字符
		 */
		String s = createCharacter(g);
		request.getSession().setAttribute(VALIDATE_CODE, s);

		g.dispose();
		OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
		ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
		out.close();

	}

	private Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc) {
		int f = fc;
		int b = bc;
		Random random=new Random();
        if(f>255) {
        	f=255;
        }
        if(b>255) {
        	b=255;
        }
        return new Color(f+random.nextInt(b-f),f+random.nextInt(b-f),f+random.nextInt(b-f));
	}

	public void createBackground(Graphics g) {
		// 填充背景
		g.setColor(getRandColor(220,250));
		g.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
//		// 加入干扰线条
//		for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
//			g.setColor(getRandColor(40,150));
//			Random random = new Random();
//			int x = random.nextInt(w);
//			int y = random.nextInt(h);
//			int x1 = random.nextInt(w);
//			int y1 = random.nextInt(h);
//			g.drawLine(x, y, x1, y1);
//		}
	}

	private String createCharacter(Graphics g) {
		char[] codeSeq = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J',
				'K', 'M', 'N', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W',
				'X', 'Y', 'Z', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
		String[] fontTypes = {"Arial","Arial Black","AvantGarde Bk BT","Calibri"};
		Random random = new Random();
		StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			String r = String.valueOf(codeSeq[random.nextInt(codeSeq.length)]);//random.nextInt(10));
			g.setColor(new Color(50 + random.nextInt(100), 50 + random.nextInt(100), 50 + random.nextInt(100)));
			g.setFont(new Font(fontTypes[random.nextInt(fontTypes.length)],Font.BOLD,26));
			g.drawString(r, 15 * i + 5, 19 + random.nextInt(8));
//			g.drawString(r, i*w/4, h-5);
			s.append(r);
		}
		return s.toString();
	}


	public static String createCharacterText(){
		char[] codeSeq = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J',
				'K', 'M', 'N', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W',
				'X', 'Y', 'Z', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
		Random random = new Random();
		StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			String r = String.valueOf(codeSeq[random.nextInt(codeSeq.length)]);//random.nextInt(10));
			s.append(r);
		}
		return s.toString();
	}

	public  BufferedImage createImage(String text)
	{
		/*
		 * 得到参数高，宽，都为数字时，则使用设置高宽，否则使用默认值
		 */

		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(70, 26, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		Graphics g = image.getGraphics();

		/*
		 * 生成背景
		 */
		createBackground(g);

		/*
		 *字符串加入
		 */
		String[] fontTypes = {"Arial","Arial Black","AvantGarde Bk BT","Calibri"};
		Random random = new Random();
		StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
		int length = text.length();
		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			String r = text.substring(i,i+1);
			g.setColor(new Color(50 + random.nextInt(100), 50 + random.nextInt(100), 50 + random.nextInt(100)));
			g.setFont(new Font(fontTypes[random.nextInt(fontTypes.length)],Font.BOLD,26));
			g.drawString(r, 15 * i + 5, 19 + random.nextInt(8));
		}
		g.dispose();
		return image;
	}
}

备注：图型的宽高、混淆可自己配入。

二、生成和校验类

import com.beauty.common.constant.ResultCodeConstant;
import com.beauty.common.exception.BizException;
import com.beauty.common.util.Base64Util;
import com.beauty.common.util.RedisUtil;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

/**
 * @desc: 生成图型验证码，校验
 * @version: 1.0
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class SchemaUtil {

    @Autowired
    private RedisUtil redisUtil;

    /**
     * 生成图形验证码
     * @param deviceId 前端唯一标识
     * @param scene 场景：注册  登录 修改手机号 验证邮箱
     * @return
     */
    public String imgCaptcha(String deviceId,String scene){
        String captcha = ValidateCodeServlet.createCharacterText();
        log.info("--imgCaptcha--生成验证码：{}",captcha);
        ValidateCodeServlet codeServlet = new ValidateCodeServlet();
        BufferedImage bufferedImage = codeServlet.createImage(captcha);
        try{
            ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg", out);
            String key = deviceId + "_" + scene;
            redisUtil.set(key,captcha,60*5);
            log.info("--imgCaptcha--生成图型成功：{}",captcha);
            return Base64Util.encode(out.toByteArray());
        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("--imgCaptcha--生成图型验证码失败",e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        throw new BizException("生成图型验证码失败", ResultCodeConstant.GENERATING_GRAPH_ERROR);
    }

    /**
     * 图型验证码code
     * @param deviceId 前端唯一标识
     * @param scene 场景：注册  登录 修改手机号 验证邮箱
     * @param code 用户输入验证码
     * @return
     */
    public boolean verificationCode(String deviceId,String scene,String code){
        String key = deviceId + "_" + scene;
        if (!redisUtil.hasKey(key)){
            return false;
        }
        String captcha = (String) redisUtil.get(key);
        if (StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(captcha,code)){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

}

1.RedisUtil 、Base64Util 工具类可查看我相关文章。

2.deviceId 唯一标识可后端生成，scene 场景由前端传入，最好定义枚举。