[LeetCode] 125: Valid Number

[Problem]

Validate if a given string is numeric.

Some examples:
"0" => true
" 0.1 " => true
"abc" => false
"1 a" => false
"2e10" => true

Note: It is intended for the problem statement to be ambiguous. You should gather all requirements up front before implementing one.

[Analysis]
(1) 只有单个小数点，非法
(2) 小数点前面可以没有数字
(3) e的前面必须有数字
(4) e的后面必须有整数，可以有正负号，不能有小数点

[Solution]

class Solution {
public:
	bool isNumber(const char *s) {
		// Note: The Solution object is instantiated only once and is reused by each test case.
		// remove heading blanks
		while(*s == ' ')s++;
		if(*s == '\0')return false;

		// remove ending blanks
		int len = strlen(s), end = len-1;
		while(end >= 0 && s[end] == ' ')end--;

		// positive_negative, point, e, positive_negative after e
		bool num = false, pos = false, point = false, ee = false, eePos = false, eeNum = false;

		for(int i = 0; i <= end; ++i){
			// digit
			if(isdigit(s[i])){
				num = true;	// number before point is done
				pos = true;	// pos of the number is done
				if(ee){
					eeNum = true;	// number after e is done
					eePos = true;	// pos after e is done
				}
			}
			// positive or negative
			else if(s[i] == '-' || s[i] == '+'){
				// positive or negative of the number
				if(!pos){		// pos of the number have not been done
					pos = true;
				}
				// positive or negative of the e part
				else if(ee && !eePos){	// pos of the number have been done but pos after e not done
					eePos = true;
				}
				// invalid
				else{
					return false;
				}
			}
			// point
			else if(s[i] == '.'){
				pos = true;		// pos of the number is done
				if(!point && !ee){	// point before e have not been done, the point could only before e
					point = true;
				}
				else{
					return false;
				}
			}
			// e
			else if(s[i] == 'e'){
				if(num && !ee){		// it must contains digits before e
					ee = true;
				}
				else{
					return false;
				}
			}
			else{
				return false;
			}
		}
		if(!num || (ee && !eeNum))return false;	// no digits in this number or no digits after e
		return true;
	}
};

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