1、基本的YUYV格式转化为RGB格式的方法
//--------------------------------------
//YUYV图像转JPG
//
//
//----------------------------------------
int convert_yuv_to_rgb_pixel(int y, int u, int v)
{
unsigned int pixel32 = 0;
unsigned char *pixel = (unsigned char *)&pixel32;
int r, g, b;
r = y + (1.370705 * (v-128));
g = y - (0.698001 * (v-128)) - (0.337633 * (u-128));
b = y + (1.732446 * (u-128));
if(r > 255) r = 255;
if(g > 255) g = 255;
if(b > 255) b = 255;
if(r < 0) r = 0;
if(g < 0) g = 0;
if(b < 0) b = 0;
pixel[0] = r ;
pixel[1] = g ;
pixel[2] = b ;
return pixel32;
}
int convert_yuv_to_rgb_buffer(unsigned char *yuv, unsigned char *rgb, unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
{
unsigned int in, out = 0;
unsigned int pixel_16;
unsigned char pixel_24[3];
unsigned int pixel32;
int y0, u, y1, v;
for(in = 0; in < width * height * 2; in += 4)
{
pixel_16 =
yuv[in + 3] << 24 |
yuv[in + 2] << 16 |
yuv[in + 1] << 8 |
yuv[in + 0];
y0 = (pixel_16 & 0x000000ff);
u = (pixel_16 & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
y1 = (pixel_16 & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
v = (pixel_16 & 0xff000000) >> 24;
pixel32 = convert_yuv_to_rgb_pixel(y0, u, v);
pixel_24[0] = (pixel32 & 0x000000ff);
pixel_24[1] = (pixel32 & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
pixel_24[2] = (pixel32 & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
rgb[out++] = pixel_24[0];
rgb[out++] = pixel_24[1];
rgb[out++] = pixel_24[2];
pixel32 = convert_yuv_to_rgb_pixel(y1, u, v);
pixel_24[0] = (pixel32 & 0x000000ff);
pixel_24[1] = (pixel32 & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
pixel_24[2] = (pixel32 & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
rgb[out++] = pixel_24[0];
rgb[out++] = pixel_24[1];
rgb[out++] = pixel_24[2];
}
return 0;
}
下面是一个完成的压缩JPEG和解压缩JPEG的程序
/*
* hellojpeg.c
*
* This program is under Omega Project 2012.
*
* Copyright 2012 S O Coleman
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
* MA 02110-1301, USA.
*
*
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <jpeglib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include "hellojpeg.h"
/*
char filename[] = "02.jpg";
char filenameout[] = "A02.jpg";
int width, height = 0;
unsigned char *data;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
read_jpeg(filename, &data, &width, &height);
unsigned char pixel[3] = {0, 0, 0};
set_pixel_of(0, 0, pixel, &data, &width, &height);
write_jpeg(filenameout, &data, &width, &height);
return 0;
}
*/
void read_jpeg(char *filename, unsigned char **data, int *width, int *height)
{
FILE * infile = fopen(filename, "rb");
struct jpeg_decompress_struct cinfo;
struct jpeg_error_mgr jerr;
cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr);
jpeg_create_decompress(&cinfo);
jpeg_stdio_src(&cinfo, infile);
jpeg_read_header(&cinfo, TRUE);
jpeg_start_decompress(&cinfo);
*width = cinfo.output_width;
*height = cinfo.output_height;
*data = (unsigned char *) malloc(cinfo.output_height * cinfo.output_width * cinfo.output_components);
unsigned char *line_pointer;
int i = 0;
while (cinfo.output_scanline < cinfo.image_height) {
line_pointer = *data + i * cinfo.output_width * cinfo.output_components;
jpeg_read_scanlines(&cinfo, &line_pointer, 1);
i ++;
}
jpeg_finish_decompress(&cinfo);
jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
}
void write_jpeg(char *filename, unsigned char **data, int *width, int *height)
{
FILE * outfile = fopen(filename, "wb");
struct jpeg_compress_struct cinfo;
struct jpeg_error_mgr jerr;
cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr);
jpeg_create_compress(&cinfo);
jpeg_stdio_dest(&cinfo, outfile);
cinfo.image_width = *width;
cinfo.image_height = *height;
cinfo.in_color_space = JCS_RGB;
cinfo.input_components = 3;
jpeg_set_defaults(&cinfo);
jpeg_start_compress(&cinfo, TRUE);
unsigned char *line_pointer;
int i = 0;
while (cinfo.next_scanline < cinfo.image_height) {
line_pointer = *data + i * cinfo.image_width * cinfo.input_components;
jpeg_write_scanlines(&cinfo, &line_pointer, 1);
i ++;
}
jpeg_finish_compress(&cinfo);
jpeg_destroy_compress(&cinfo);
}
void get_pixel_of(int x, int y, unsigned char *dest, unsigned char **data, int *width, int *height)
{
if ((x >= *width) || (x < 0) || (y >= *height) || (y < 0))
{
dest[0] = 0;
dest[1] = 0;
dest[2] = 0;
return;
}
unsigned char *pos;
pos = *data + (y * *width + x) * 3;
dest[0] = pos[0];
dest[1] = pos[1];
dest[2] = pos[2];
}
void set_pixel_of(int x, int y, unsigned char *dest, unsigned char **data, int *width, int *height)
{
if ((x >= *width) || (x < 0) || (y >= *height) || (y < 0))
{
return;
}
unsigned char *pos;
pos = *data + (y * *width + x) * 3;
pos[0] = dest[0];
pos[1] = dest[1];
pos[2] = dest[2];
}
标题:利用libjpeg处理图像
作者:赵新国
Email:zhao3728@sina.com
关键字: jpeg, 图像压缩
摘要:文章介绍了采用libjpeg处理图像的方法
前一段时间做了一个项目,项目中有一部分是关于图像采集的,相关硬件有:高速数字相机(我们采用Basler A312f),工控机,服务器。其中相机通过1394视频线连接到工控机的1394视频卡上,工控机与服务器通过百兆网连接。具体工作流程为:工控机控制相机采集图像,帧率一般为40HZ左右,采集的图像为位图数据,需要自己在程序中封装为bmp格式,然后压缩成jpg格式,压缩后的图像一方面保存到本地硬盘,同时要传输到服务器上。
本文只介绍jpeg压缩的相关内容,刚开始我贪图省事,采用微软 的GDI Plus提供的功能,很是方便,先获取jpg图像的编码,然后根据图像的位图数据创建一个Bitmap类的对象,再保存图像为jpg格式就行了。但是我对GDI+还是很信任,总感觉不踏实(没有理由的),我们的系统一旦安装就要长期运行,我就是担心长期运行一段时间后GDI+会出问题,结果也证实了我的担心,我们实际使用的10套系统中有一套,连续运行3-5天后,GDI+就会崩溃,于是我决心采用IJG JPEG Library。您可以到www.ijg.org网站下载libjpeg的源码, IJG JPEG Library就是jpeg压缩库,是以源码的形式提供给软件开发人员的,当然在软件包里也有编译好的库文件,我们这里就只用到其中的libjpeg.lib,jconfig.h,jmorecfg.h,jpeglib.h这几个文件,下面我就介绍一下怎样在自己的程序里嵌入图像压缩功能。
一、建立编译环境
所谓建立编译环境,其实非常简单,就是把上面提到的4个文件拷贝到你的项目文件夹下,把libjpeg.lib添加到你的项目中,然后在你完成压缩功能的那个文件里加入#include "jpeglib.h",需要注意的是,libjpeg.lib是用c语言开发的,如果要用在你的C++程序里,需要用到extern "C",如下:
// TestLibjpeg.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "memory.h"
extern "C" {
#include "jpeglib.h"
}
二、压缩步骤
1、申请并初始化jpeg压缩对象,同时要指定错误处理器
struct jpeg_compress_struct jcs;
// 声明错误处理器,并赋值给jcs.err域
struct jpeg_error_mgr jem;
jcs.err = jpeg_std_error(&jem);
jpeg_create_compress(&jcs);
2、指定压缩后的图像所存放的目标文件,注意,目标文件应以二进制模式打开
f=fopen("03.jpg","wb");
if (f==NULL)
{
delete [] data;
delete [] pDataConv;
return 0;
}
jpeg_stdio_dest(&jcs, f);
3、设置压缩参数,主要参数有图像宽、高、色彩通道数(1:索引图像,3:其他),色彩空间(JCS_GRAYSCALE表示灰度图,JCS_RGB表示彩色图像),压缩质量等,如下:
jcs.image_width = nWidth; // 为图的宽和高,单位为像素
jcs.image_height = nHeight;
jcs.input_components = 1; // 在此为1,表示灰度图, 如果是彩色位图,则为3
jcs.in_color_space = JCS_GRAYSCALE; //JCS_GRAYSCALE表示灰度图,JCS_RGB表示彩色图像
jpeg_set_defaults(&jcs);
jpeg_set_quality (&jcs, 80, true);
需要注意的是,jpeg_set_defaults函数一定要等设置好图像宽、高、色彩通道数计色彩空间四个参数后才能调用,因为这个函数要用到这四个值,调用jpeg_set_defaults函数后,jpeglib库采用默认的设置对图像进行压缩,如果需要改变设置,如压缩质量,调用这个函数后,可以调用其它设置函数,如jpeg_set_quality函数。其实图像压缩时有好多参数可以设置,但大部分我们都用不着设置,只需调用jpeg_set_defaults函数值为默认值即可。
4、上面的工作准备完成后,就可以压缩了,压缩过程非常简单,首先调用jpeg_start_compress,然后可以对每一行进行压缩,也可以对若干行进行压缩,甚至可以对整个的图像进行一次压缩,压缩完成后,记得要调用jpeg_finish_compress函数,如下:
jpeg_start_compress(&jcs, TRUE);
JSAMPROW row_pointer[1]; // 一行位图
int row_stride; // 每一行的字节数
row_stride = jcs.image_width; // 如果不是索引图,此处需要乘以3
// 对每一行进行压缩
while (jcs.next_scanline < jcs.image_height) {
row_pointer[0] = & pDataConv[jcs.next_scanline * row_stride];
jpeg_write_scanlines(&jcs, row_pointer, 1);
}
jpeg_finish_compress(&jcs);
5、最后就是释放压缩工作过程中所申请的资源了,主要就是jpeg压缩对象,由于在本例中我是直接用的局部变量,所以只需调用jpeg_destroy_compress这个函数即可,如下:
jpeg_destroy_compress(&jcs);
三、解压缩步骤
解压缩步骤与压缩步骤非常相似,只是解压缩对象为jpeg_decompress_struct类型,步骤如下:
1、声明并初始化解压缩对象,同时制定错误信息管理器
struct jpeg_decompress_struct cinfo;
struct jpeg_error_mgr jerr;
cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr);
jpeg_create_decompress(&cinfo);
2、打开jpg图像文件,并指定为解压缩对象的源文件
FILE *f = fopen(strSourceFileName,"rb");
if (f==NULL)
{
printf("Open file error!\n");
return;
}
//
jpeg_stdio_src(&cinfo, f);
3、读取图像信息
jpeg_read_header(&cinfo, TRUE);
4、根据图像信息申请一个图像缓冲区
data = new BYTE cinfo.image_width*cinfo.image_height*cinfo.num_components];
5、开始解压缩
jpeg_start_decompress(&cinfo);
JSAMPROW row_pointer[1];
while (cinfo.output_scanline < cinfo.output_height)
{
row_pointer[0] = &data[(cinfo.output_height - cinfo.output_scanline-1)*cinfo.image_width*cinfo.num_components];
jpeg_read_scanlines(&cinfo,row_pointer ,
1);
}
jpeg_finish_decompress(&cinfo);
6、释放资源
jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
fclose(f);
好了,利用IJG JPEG Library进行图像压缩就介绍到这里,希望对大家有所帮助,实例代码已经实现了图像的压缩和解压缩的全部功能,命令格式为:“TestLibjpeg.exe j|j24|b 源文件名 目标文件名”,其中,j选项将源文件压缩为jpg格式,不改变色彩模式,j24选项将源文件压缩为24为jpg格式,b选项将源文件解压缩为bmp格式,该实例并没有提供文件有效性的验证,如果要引入自己的代码,请自己实现文件有效性的验证。