MySQL syntax error：保留字(keywords/reserved words)作为列表名(column name)

报错

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near  at line xx

背景

之前在新建sql的时候遇到了如上syntax error。一般此error常见于句尾的“，”是否有合理添加。

spring session schema例子：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `spring_session_attributes`;
CREATE TABLE `spring_session_attributes`  (
  `SESSION_PRIMARY_ID` char(36) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL,
  `ATTRIBUTE_NAME` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL,
  `ATTRIBUTE_BYTES` blob NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`SESSION_PRIMARY_ID`, `ATTRIBUTE_NAME`) USING BTREE,
  CONSTRAINT `SPRING_SESSION_ATTRIBUTES_FK` FOREIGN KEY (`SESSION_PRIMARY_ID`) REFERENCES `spring_session` (`PRIMARY_ID`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE RESTRICT
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

括号内的语句有且仅有最后一句不用加上“，”。排除了该问题及其他句式不完整带来的问题，syntax error依旧存在。最后发现是因为字段名“read”是关键字，导致建表错误。MySql中的关键字非常多，不仅限于create、insert等基本操作及if、exists等判断，需要注意。

解决方案

1. 更改列名，避免使用保留字（推荐）

2. 使用反引号(backtick)包裹保留字（不推荐）

• 反引号：``

 stack overflow类似问题相关链接：

Syntax error due to using a reserved word as a table or column name in MySQL - Stack Overflowhttps://stackoverflow.com/questions/23446377/syntax-error-due-to-using-a-reserved-word-as-a-table-or-column-name-in-mysql

mysql保留字官方文档

MySQL :: MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual :: 9.3 Keywords and Reserved Wordshttps://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/keywords.html

mysql关键字汇总

ADD	ALL	ALTER
ANALYZE	AND	AS
ASC	ASENSITIVE	BEFORE
BETWEEN	BIGINT	BINARY
BLOB	BOTH	BY
CALL	CASCADE	CASE
CHANGE	CHAR	CHARACTER
CHECK	COLLATE	COLUMN
CONDITION	CONNECTION	CONSTRAINT
CONTINUE	CONVERT	CREATE
CROSS	CURRENT_DATE	CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	CURRENT_USER	CURSOR
DATABASE	DATABASES	DAY_HOUR
DAY_MICROSECOND	DAY_MINUTE	DAY_SECOND
DEC	DECIMAL	DECLARE
DEFAULT	DELAYED	DELETE
DESC	DESCRIBE	DETERMINISTIC
DISTINCT	DISTINCTROW	DIV
DOUBLE	DROP	DUAL
EACH	ELSE	ELSEIF
ENCLOSED	ESCAPED	EXISTS
EXIT	EXPLAIN	FALSE
FETCH	FLOAT	FLOAT4
FLOAT8	FOR	FORCE
FOREIGN	FROM	FULLTEXT
GOTO	GRANT	GROUP
HAVING	HIGH_PRIORITY	HOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_MINUTE	HOUR_SECOND	IF
IGNORE	IN	INDEX
INFILE	INNER	INOUT
INSENSITIVE	INSERT	INT
INT1	INT2	INT3
INT4	INT8	INTEGER
INTERVAL	INTO	IS
ITERATE	JOIN	KEY
KEYS	KILL	LABEL
LEADING	LEAVE	LEFT
LIKE	LIMIT	LINEAR
LINES	LOAD	LOCALTIME
LOCALTIMESTAMP	LOCK	LONG
LONGBLOB	LONGTEXT	LOOP
LOW_PRIORITY	MATCH	MEDIUMBLOB
MEDIUMINT	MEDIUMTEXT	MIDDLEINT
MINUTE_MICROSECOND	MINUTE_SECOND	MOD
MODIFIES	NATURAL	NOT
NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG	NULL	NUMERIC
ON	OPTIMIZE	OPTION
OPTIONALLY	OR	ORDER
OUT	OUTER	OUTFILE
PRECISION	PRIMARY	PROCEDURE
PURGE	RAID0	RANGE
READ	READS	REAL
REFERENCES	REGEXP	RELEASE
RENAME	REPEAT	REPLACE
REQUIRE	RESTRICT	RETURN
REVOKE	RIGHT	RLIKE
SCHEMA	SCHEMAS	SECOND_MICROSECOND
SELECT	SENSITIVE	SEPARATOR
SET	SHOW	SMALLINT
SPATIAL	SPECIFIC	SQL
SQLEXCEPTION	SQLSTATE	SQLWARNING
SQL_BIG_RESULT	SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS	SQL_SMALL_RESULT
SSL	STARTING	STRAIGHT_JOIN
TABLE	TERMINATED	THEN
TINYBLOB	TINYINT	TINYTEXT
TO	TRAILING	TRIGGER
TRUE	UNDO	UNION
UNIQUE	UNLOCK	UNSIGNED
UPDATE	USAGE	USE
USING	UTC_DATE	UTC_TIME
UTC_TIMESTAMP	VALUES	VARBINARY
VARCHAR	VARCHARACTER	VARYING
WHEN	WHERE	WHILE
WITH	WRITE	X509
XOR	YEAR_MONTH	ZEROFILL