CTF-入门七

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-05 15:14:22 发布

_starstarli

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-05 15:14:22 发布

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文章标签： php 信息安全

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/realstarstarli/article/details/106461030

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CTF-入门七

#写在前面的话#
bugku上所有杂项题都已经记录完毕，其中无论是暂时做不出来的还是只做到一半的都先做好了记录，希望有时间的时候过去啃一下，但是这么久了还是非常有必要去接触一下CTF其他领域的题目，所以从本周开始会开始，记录WEB的题解，前八道题我之前已经写过了（CTF-入门一），虽然没有具体的解题步骤，但是现在看来前八道题确实是比较简单的题目，所以就没有过多地赘述了。
（1）本地包含
这道题bugku上面的链接已经失效了所以没有办法做，我也不好记录。有兴趣可以看看前人的博客，学习学习
https://blog.csdn.net/dyw_666666/article/details/82389457#comments
（2）变量1
阅读这段代码可以粗略的知道变量args就可能含有flag
在这里插入图片描述
给出代码的完整注释

<?php 
 // 关闭错误报告 
error_reporting(0);
//引入一个php文件
include "flag1.php";
//函数对文件进行语法高亮显示。
//常量__FILE__ 当前内容写在哪个文件就显示这个文件目录+文件名
//debug   echo __FILE__
highlight_file(__FILE__);
if(isset($_GET['args'])){//isset()判断变量是否设置
    $args = $_GET['args'];//获取GET式传值
    if(!preg_match("/^\w+$/",$args)){//preg_match()正则表达式匹配方法“/^\w+$/”表示
		//  ^\w中\w表示字符类（包括大小写字母，数字），
		//其中的"^"表示，(java里面表示非的概念)。以这个字符类中字符开头。后面的+号的作用在前一个字符上。
		//即\w+,表示一个或多个\w,最少一个，而后面的"$"号，表示限定以\w结尾。
		//总体意义就是限定一个任意长字符串，全部由字母数字组成，前面中间后面都不能有空格、标点等非\w字符。
        die("args error!");
		//die() 函数输出一条消息，并退出当前脚本。
    }
    eval("var_dump($$args);");
	/*
	eval()函数的作用是将内部的语句去掉双引号，如果是可执行语句便会执行
	$$args是可变变量，把变量名当做变量
	*/
}
?>

最后一段代码是var_dump($$args)可变变量，可变变量的的大概意思就是

<?php
	$args='hello';
	$hello="Hello Word"
	echo $$args
?>

--------------------输出结果就是“Hello World”等效于echo $hello;
根据题目$$args输出就会有flag信息，那我们应该args传什么值呢？
代码里面有include “flag1.php”;也就是说flag.php里面应该含有flag，但是文件flag.php我们不知道啊。
这里就要想到一个超全局变量$GLOBALS $GLOBALS里面含有该脚本代码里边所有的全局变量包括导入的flag.php代码里面的全局变量，所以我们args传的值就是GLOABALS
在这里插入图片描述
拿到flag
（3）web5
先尝试一下，随便提交试试看。。。

查看源代码，发现有这么一大串东西

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这其实是jother编码
jother编码：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32209643/article/details/51474298
介绍了jother的深层思想：
https://blog.csdn.net/greyfreedom/article/details/45070667
我们放在谷歌浏览其中console里面就可以直接编译
在这里插入图片描述
其实本质是借用了js（console（）函数）出来了关键信息
ctf{whatfk}

全部大写就是flag：

CTF{WHATFK}
（4）头等舱
看到网页啥都没有，查看源代码没有什么有用的信息
bp抓包，既然题目是头等舱那么信息应该在请求头或者是响应头
在这里插入图片描述
设置手动代理，查看请求头好像没有什么信息
放到repeater中，send查看响应头，出现flag

（5）网站被黑
这是一个网站，文件是index.php
查看源码也看不到什么东西，我们发现这个url包含webshell的字样
什么是webshell:
https://baike.baidu.com/item/webshell/966625?fr=aladdin
简而言之就是WEB开发者在开发WEB程序的时候写的一个脚本，可以通过这个东西来控制WEB里面的文件代码之类的，称作是后门。所以在一些黑客的手上，如果自己能够写出这样的后门，上传到WEB上就可以控制WEB中的文件造成信息泄露，进而出现安全隐患
我们我们用御剑工具可以查看在该URL下还有什么页面文件，一般都是用已有的字典去暴历出来，御剑里面有现成的字典。通过操作就看到了有shell.php的页面文件。
在这里插入图片描述
进入这个网站，发现这是一个登陆界面，随便提交一下，看来密码错误了。

这个时候还是先爆破一下，burpsuite有专门的爆破字典。
浏览器设置手动代理模式，抓包

放到intruder里面用字典爆破密码
intruder–>pyloads–>simple list–>add form list(password)–>start attack
设置length长度排序，只要点击一下就可以
在这里插入图片描述
因为其他密码输进去时返回来的字符串都是一样的，只有真的密码才会长度不一样
所以密码就是hack
然后到页面中输入密码就可以了，出现flag

（6）管理员系统
管理员登录
先试一下一般账号密码
admin/root/
12345/123456789
先试一下，结果发现都不是，出现一段文字，ip出错
IP禁止访问，请联系本地管理员登陆，IP已被记录.
在这里插入图片描述查一下源码，在最后一部分出现了一段密码！！

base64解码https://base64.supfree.net/

这个很大一部分概率就是密码
XXF：https://www.jianshu.com/p/15f3498a7fad
用来表示 HTTP 请求端真实 IP：所以加上我们的本机地址（伪造管理员）
X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1
用bp的repeater发送请求，从而获得了响应头，拿到flag
在这里插入图片描述 flag格式
flag{85ff2ee4171396724bae20c0bd851f6b}
（7）web4
进入网站，随便提交一下，没什么可用的信息。

题目说看看源代码，那就看看
js部分代码有点奇怪

unescape（）函数
ohh变量的内容密码化了，这是解密网站
解码网站：https://escape.supfree.net/
escape介绍：https://blog.csdn.net/nihaorz/article/details/84379286

%66%75%6e%63%74%69%6f%6e%20%63%68%65%63%6b%53%75%62%6d%69%74%28%29%7b%76%61%72%20%61%3d%64%6f%63%75%6d%65%6e%74%2e%67%65%74%45%6c%65%6d%65%6e%74%42%79%49%64%28%22%70%61%73%73%77%6f%72%64%22%29%3b%69%66%28%22%75%6e%64%65%66%69%6e%65%64%22%21%3d%74%79%70%65%6f%66%20%61%29%7b%69%66%28%22%36%37%64%37%30%39%62%32%62

解出来是这个

function checkSubmit(){var a=document.getElementById("password");if("undefined"!=typeof a){if("67d709b2b

%61%61%36%34%38%63%66%36%65%38%37%61%37%31%31%34%66%31%22%3d%3d%61%2e%76%61%6c%75%65%29%72%65%74%75%72%6e%21%30%3b%61%6c%65%72%74%28%22%45%72%72%6f%72%22%29%3b%61%2e%66%6f%63%75%73%28%29%3b%72%65%74%75%72%6e%21%31%7d%7d%64%6f%63%75%6d%65%6e%74%2e%67%65%74%45%6c%65%6d%65%6e%74%42%79%49%64%28%22%6c%65%76%65%6c%51%75%65%73%74%22%29%2e%6f%6e%73%75%62%6d%69%74%3d%63%68%65%63%6b%53%75%62%6d%69%74%3b

解出来是这个

aa648cf6e87a7114f1"==a.value)return!0;alert("Error");a.focus();return!1}}document.getElementById("levelQuest").onsubmit=checkSubmit;

%35%34%61%61%32

解出来是这个

54aa2

根据eval（）函数的代码逻辑得出下面的代码

function checkSubmit()
{
	var a=document.getElementById("password");
	if("undefined"!=typeof a)
	{
		if("67d709b2b54aa2aa648cf6e87a7114f1"==a.value)
		return!0;
		alert("Error");
		a.focus();
		return!1
	}
}
document.getElementById("levelQuest").onsubmit=checkSubmit;

只要你有一点点编程基础就应该看得懂
67d709b2b54aa2aa648cf6e87a7114f1
这个应该就是密码信息
提交就出现flag了
KEY{J22JK-HS11}

（8）flag在index里
进入题目，click me之后，看到file=show.php
在这里插入图片描述
一开始完全不知道如何下手，从网上的wp来看file是ctf文件包含漏洞的标识
php源代码中包含有include($file)有这个一般都存在文件包含漏洞（$file作为文件名的变量）
这里介绍一下php的封装协议https://www.php.net/manual/zh/wrappers.php.php
文件封装这篇博客介绍的比较详细 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41289254/article/details/81388343
构造url
http://123.206.87.240:8005/post/index.php?file=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=index.php

现在具体说说file=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=index.php的含义

首先这是一个file关键字的get参数传递，php://是一种协议名称，php://filter/是一种访问本地文件的协议，/read=convert.base64-encode/表示读取的方式是base64编码后，resource=index.php表示目标文件为index.php。

通过传递这个参数可以得到index.php的源码，下面说说为什么，看到源码中的include函数，这个表示从外部引入php文件并执行，如果执行不成功，就返回文件的源码。

而include的内容是由用户控制的，所以通过我们传递的file参数，是include（）函数引入了index.php的base64编码格式，因为是base64编码格式，所以执行不成功，返回源码，所以我们得到了源码的base64格式，解码即可
如果不进行base64编码传入，就会直接执行，而flag的信息在注释中，是得不到的。

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zpy1998zpy/article/details/80585443
在这里插入图片描述
得到一串base64 解码

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

解码网站https://base64.supfree.net/
在这里插入图片描述
源代码

<html>
    <title>Bugku-ctf</title>
    
<?php
	error_reporting(0);
	if(!$_GET[file]){echo '<a href="./index.php?file=show.php">click me? no</a>';}
	$file=$_GET['file'];
	if(strstr($file,"../")||stristr($file, "tp")||stristr($file,"input")||stristr($file,"data")){
		echo "Oh no!";
		exit();
	}
	include($file); 
//flag:flag{edulcni_elif_lacol_si_siht}
?>
</html>

strstr() 函数搜索字符串在另一字符串中是否存在，如果是，返回该字符串及剩余部分，否则返回 FALSE。（大小写敏感）
stristr（）返回字符串的剩余部分（从匹配点）。如果未找到所搜索的字符串，则返回 FALSE。（大小写不敏感）
这两个函数里主要是起到过滤的作用。
注释部分就是flag
#结束#
写web的题较之杂项，脑洞还是不会那么大，但对网络安全的相关知识要求还是比较高的，解题思路不会难么清奇，掌握了相关知识，做起来会顺利许多。这周先记录到这里，下周继续。

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CTF-入门七

CTF-入门七#写在前面的话#bugku上所有杂项题都已经记录完毕，其中无论是暂时做不出来的还是只做到一半的都先做好了记录，希望有时间的时候过去啃一下，但是这么久了还是非常有必要去接触一下CTF其他领域的题目，所以从本周开始会开始，记录WEB的题解，前八道题我之前已经写过了（CTF-入门一），虽然没有具体的解题步骤，但是现在看来前八道题确实是比较简单的题目，所以就没有过多地赘述了。（1）本地包含这道题bugku上面的链接已经失效了所以没有办法做，我也不好记录。有兴趣可以看看前人的博客，学习学习ht
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