查表的字段名，主键，字段类型

一、oracle

1、获取当前oracle数据库中的所有表

select table_name from user_tables

2、查询某个表中的字段名称、类型、精度、长度、是否为空

select COLUMN_NAME,DATA_TYPE,DATA_PRECISION,DATA_SCALE,NULLABLE
from user_tab_columns
where table_name ='YourTableName'
3、查询某个表中的主键字段名

select col.column_name
from user_constraints con, user_cons_columns col
where con.constraint_name = col.constraint_name
and con.constraint_type='P'
and col.table_name = 'YourTableName'
4、查询某个表中的外键字段名称、所引用表名、所应用字段名

select distinct(col.column_name),r.table_name,r.column_name
from
user_constraints con,
user_cons_columns col,
(select t2.table_name,t2.column_name,t1.r_constraint_name
from user_constraints t1,user_cons_columns t2
where t1.r_constraint_name=t2.constraint_name
and t1.table_name='YourTableName'
) r
where con.constraint_name=col.constraint_name
and con.r_constraint_name=r.r_constraint_name
and con.table_name='YourTableName'
5、如何从Oracle中取得表的注释

user_tab_comments;表注释

user_col_comments;表字段注释

　 以上两个只能获取自己用户的表的注释信息，如果要访问自己

能够访问的其他用户的表，则需要使用：

all_tab_comments;表注释

all_col_comments;表字段注释

　 当然，如果有DBA权限，则可以使用

dba_tab_comments;表注释

dba_col_comments;表字段注释

　 dba*和all*最好指定owner条件。user*没有该字段

user_tab_comments;表注释

user_col_comments;表字段注释



二、SQLServer

1、读取库中的所有表名

　　select name from sysobjects where xtype='u'

2、字段

SELECT c.name,t.name,c.xprec,c.xscale,c.isnullable
FROM systypes t,syscolumns c
WHERE t.xtype=c.xtype
AND c.id = (SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE name='YourTableName')
ORDER BY c.colid
3、主键（参考SqlServer系统存储过程sp_pkeys）

select COLUMN_NAME = convert(sysname,c.name)
from
sysindexes i, syscolumns c, sysobjects o
where o.id = object_id('[YourTableName]')
and o.id = c.id
and o.id = i.id
and (i.status & 0x800) = 0x800
and (c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 1) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 2) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 3) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 4) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 5) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 6) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 7) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 8) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 9) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 10) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 11) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 12) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 13) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 14) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 15) or
c.name = index_col ('[YourTableName]', i.indid, 16)
)
4、外键

select t1.name,t2.rtableName,t2.name
from
(select col.name, f.constid as temp
from syscolumns col,sysforeignkeys f
where f.fkeyid=col.id
and f.fkey=col.colid
and f.constid in
( select distinct(id)
from sysobjects
where OBJECT_NAME(parent_obj)='YourTableName'
and xtype='F'
)
) as t1 ,
(select OBJECT_NAME(f.rkeyid) as rtableName,col.name, f.constid as temp
from syscolumns col,sysforeignkeys f
where f.rkeyid=col.id
and f.rkey=col.colid
and f.constid in
( select distinct(id)
from sysobjects
where OBJECT_NAME(parent_obj)='YourTableName'
and xtype='F'
)
) as t2
where t1.temp=t2.temp
三、Access

1、所有表清单

conn.Open();
dt= conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });
2、表结构

conn.Open();

dtColumnsInfo = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Columns, new object[] { null, null, strTableName,null });