Spring Cloud环境下多数据源的配置要点（实战）

 

最近在搭建Spring Cloud新项目，遇到了这个问题，记录一下，以飨读者。

 

关于怎么配置多数据源，这里不再赘述，简单来说，就是配置多个bean，每个bean对应一个数据源。

有不懂的读者，可以参考我之前的一篇博客，或者在网上搜素，都可以。

如何配置多数据源

这篇博客比较老了，用的是xml配置文件。但是万变不离其宗，本质上是一样的，就是注入多个bean到Spring的IOC容器中。

 

在Spring Cloud环境下，我们配置了2个数据源以后，启动项目会报错。

 

报错日志如下：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration': Injection of autowired dependencies failed;

nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private javax.sql.DataSource org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaBaseConfiguration.dataSource;

nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [cn/sephora/platform/oms/backend/config/DataSourceConfig.class]: Initialization of bean failed;

nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSourceInitializer': Invocation of init method failed;

nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.sql.DataSource] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: monitorDataSource,dataSource

 

更详细的堆栈日志如下：

2020-05-25 13:14:09,669 [main] ERROR org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication - [ -  - ] - Application startup failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private javax.sql.DataSource org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaBaseConfiguration.dataSource; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in class path resource [cn/sephora/platform/oms/backend/config/DataSourceConfig.class]: Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSourceInitializer': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.sql.DataSource] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: monitorDataSource,dataSource
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:334)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:368)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1123)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1018)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:510)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1054)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:829)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:538)
	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:118)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:760)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.createAndRefreshContext(SpringApplication.java:360)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:306)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1185)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1174)
	at cn.sephora.platform.oms.backend.Application.main(Application.java:26)

 

为什么呢？很简单，你配置了2个数据源，都是javax.sql.DataSource的实现。

DataSourceAutoConfiguration这个类也向IOC容器注入了一个DataSource，这个DataSource是Spring集成的原生的DataSource。

那么问题来了，当DataSourceAutoConfiguration向Spring的IOC容器中注入DataSource实例时，发现这个DataSource有2个实现，

Spring的IOC容器不知道该使用哪个？于是就抛出了上面的异常。

 

解决方案如下：在Spring启动时，不要加载这个DataSourceAutoConfiguration就行了。

如下：在SpringBootApplication注解上，排除掉DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class

 

@SpringBootApplication(exclude={
        DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class
})
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

 

这里告诉我们一个要点：Spirng Cloud环境下，如果需要配置多数据源的话，一定不要注入DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class

 

更多关于搭建Spring Cloud项目的分享，稍后会奉上。