TCP虽然可以实现 IO非阻塞操作,但在实际应用时会对资源是否准备完毕进行循环测试,增加了不必要的CPU占用。
为了解决这种问题,应用多路复用的知识,select()监听信号。相关知识可以参考 linux文件读写 文件锁 select poll 。
服务端:
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/socket.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include <sys/time.h>
- #include <sys/ioctl.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <netinet/in.h>
- #define PORT 4321
- #define MAX_QUE_CONN_NM 5
- #define MAX_SOCK_FD FD_SETSIZE
- #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
- int main(){
- struct sockaddr_in server_sockaddr, client_sockaddr;
- int sin_size, count;
- fd_set inset, tmp_inset;
- int sockfd, client_fd, fd;
- char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
- if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1){
- perror("socket");
- exit(1);
- }
- server_sockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
- server_sockaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
- server_sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
- bzero(&(server_sockaddr.sin_zero), 8);
- int i = 1;
- //设置socket的属性
- setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &i, sizeof(i));
- if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_sockaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1){
- perror("bind");
- exit(1);
- }
- if(listen(sockfd, MAX_QUE_CONN_NM) == -1){
- perror("listen");
- exit(1);
- }
- printf("listening....\n");
- //清空select集合
- FD_ZERO(&inset);
- //将要检测的文件符加入
- FD_SET(sockfd, &inset);
- while(1){
- tmp_inset = inset;
- sin_size=sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
- memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
- printf("run while...\n");
- //程序在此阻塞,select返回一个文件符,并将其他文件符清空
- if (!(select(MAX_SOCK_FD, &tmp_inset, NULL, NULL, NULL) > 0)){
- perror("select");
- close(sockfd);
- exit(1);
- }
- printf("run for...\n");
- for (fd = 0; fd < MAX_SOCK_FD; fd++){
- if (FD_ISSET(fd, &tmp_inset) > 0) {
- printf("fd is %d ,socket is %d\n",fd,sockfd);
- if (fd == sockfd){
- if ((client_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&client_sockaddr, &sin_size))== -1){
- perror("accept");
- exit(1);
- }
- FD_SET(client_fd, &inset);
- printf("New connection from %d(socket)\n", client_fd);
- }else{
- if ((count = recv(fd, buf, BUFFER_SIZE, 0)) > 0){
- printf("Received a message from %d: %s\n", fd, buf);
- }else{
- close(fd);
- FD_CLR(fd, &inset);
- printf("Client %d(socket) has left\n", fd);
- }
- }
- } /* end of if FD_ISSET*/
- } /* end of for fd*/
- } /* end if while while*/
- close(sockfd);
- exit(0);
- }
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#define PORT 4321
#define MAX_QUE_CONN_NM 5
#define MAX_SOCK_FD FD_SETSIZE
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int main(){
struct sockaddr_in server_sockaddr, client_sockaddr;
int sin_size, count;
fd_set inset, tmp_inset;
int sockfd, client_fd, fd;
char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1){
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
server_sockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_sockaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
server_sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
bzero(&(server_sockaddr.sin_zero), 8);
int i = 1;
//设置socket的属性
setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &i, sizeof(i));
if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_sockaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1){
perror("bind");
exit(1);
}
if(listen(sockfd, MAX_QUE_CONN_NM) == -1){
perror("listen");
exit(1);
}
printf("listening....\n");
//清空select集合
FD_ZERO(&inset);
//将要检测的文件符加入
FD_SET(sockfd, &inset);
while(1){
tmp_inset = inset;
sin_size=sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
printf("run while...\n");
//程序在此阻塞,select返回一个文件符,并将其他文件符清空
if (!(select(MAX_SOCK_FD, &tmp_inset, NULL, NULL, NULL) > 0)){
perror("select");
close(sockfd);
exit(1);
}
printf("run for...\n");
for (fd = 0; fd < MAX_SOCK_FD; fd++){
if (FD_ISSET(fd, &tmp_inset) > 0) {
printf("fd is %d ,socket is %d\n",fd,sockfd);
if (fd == sockfd){
if ((client_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&client_sockaddr, &sin_size))== -1){
perror("accept");
exit(1);
}
FD_SET(client_fd, &inset);
printf("New connection from %d(socket)\n", client_fd);
}else{
if ((count = recv(fd, buf, BUFFER_SIZE, 0)) > 0){
printf("Received a message from %d: %s\n", fd, buf);
}else{
close(fd);
FD_CLR(fd, &inset);
printf("Client %d(socket) has left\n", fd);
}
}
} /* end of if FD_ISSET*/
} /* end of for fd*/
} /* end if while while*/
close(sockfd);
exit(0);
}
客户端:
- <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18px">#include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/socket.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include <sys/ioctl.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <netdb.h>
- #include <netinet/in.h>
- #define PORT 4321
- #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
- int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
- int sockfd, sendbytes;
- char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
- struct hostent *host;
- struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
- if(argc < 3){
- fprintf(stderr,"USAGE: ./client Hostname(or ip address) Text\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- if ((host = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL){
- perror("gethostbyname");
- exit(1);
- }
- memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
- sprintf(buf, "%s", argv[2]);
- if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) == -1){
- perror("socket");
- exit(1);
- }
- serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
- serv_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
- serv_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)host->h_addr);
- bzero(&(serv_addr.sin_zero), 8);
- if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))== -1){
- perror("connect");
- exit(1);
- }
- if ((sendbytes = send(sockfd, buf, strlen(buf), 0)) == -1){
- perror("send");
- exit(1);
- }
- sleep(30);
- close(sockfd);
- exit(0);
- }
- </SPAN>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#define PORT 4321
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
int sockfd, sendbytes;
char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
struct hostent *host;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
if(argc < 3){
fprintf(stderr,"USAGE: ./client Hostname(or ip address) Text\n");
exit(1);
}
if ((host = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL){
perror("gethostbyname");
exit(1);
}
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
sprintf(buf, "%s", argv[2]);
if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) == -1){
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
serv_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)host->h_addr);
bzero(&(serv_addr.sin_zero), 8);
if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))== -1){
perror("connect");
exit(1);
}
if ((sendbytes = send(sockfd, buf, strlen(buf), 0)) == -1){
perror("send");
exit(1);
}
sleep(30);
close(sockfd);
exit(0);
}
本篇博客出自 阿修罗道,转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/fansongy/article/details/6901322