basic and common shell commands

cut

use case 1:
cut -c LIST [file|stdio] , for example,
cut -c 1-3[,5-] *.txt #print characters from 1st to 3rd character column to standard output

use case 2:
cut -b LIST [file|stdio]

use case 3:
cut -d DELIMITER -f LIST [-s] [file|stdio] , for example,
ls -l | cut -d " " -f 2- #print fields from 2nd to the end of each line in file

grep

grep [options]… PATTERN [FILE]…

•  Purpose

  •   search and print lines matching a pattern from file or stdin

•  Core Points

  (1) two variant program:
  egrep #same as grep -E, interpret PATTERN as an extended regular expression (ERE)
  fgrep #same as grep -F, interpret PATTERN as a list of fixed strings, separated by newlines, any of which is to be matched

  (2)useful options:
  -G #as default basic regexp
  -i|-y #ignore-case
  -l|-L #suppress normal output but only output file name
  –exclude=GLOB(such wildcards as *,？.etc) #