Android下的Fragment

Fragment

• Fragment表现为Activity中UI的一部分
• Fragment有自己的生命周期
• Fragment总是必须被嵌入到一个Activity中
• Fragment的生命周期直接受到宿主Activity的生命周期的影响

Fragment的作用以及使用意义

• 作用：可以实现对屏幕分区，对UI控件实现分组，模块化管理
• 意义：实现了Activity的组件分离

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Fragment的生命周期

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Fragment对于在平板以及手机上APP的构造

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Fragment使用用例

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效果图

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• 代码文件

主窗口

public class MainActivity extends    AppCompatActivity {

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  }
}

左边标题Fragment

public class FragmenTitle extends Fragment {

private static final String TAG ="FragmentTitel---->>>" ;
private ListView titel;
private List<String> title_list;
private int[] pid={
    R.drawable.c1,
    R.drawable.c2,
    R.drawable.c3,
    R.drawable.c4,
    R.drawable.c5,
    R.drawable.c6,
    R.drawable.c7,
    R.drawable.c8,
    R.drawable.c9,
    R.drawable.c10,
    R.drawable.c11,
    R.drawable.c12
};

@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    //获取左边界面
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragmen_title, container);
    //获取title界面
    titel = (ListView) view.findViewById(R.id.titel);

    initData();//初始化数据

    //构造适配器
    titel.setAdapter(new MyAdapter());
    //设置点击
    titel.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
            Activity activity = getActivity();
            //获取fragmen管理器
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = activity.getFragmentManager();
            //获取pic的fragmen
           final FragmenPic pic_main = (FragmenPic) fragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.pic_main);

            String t=title_list.get(position);

            //调用FragmenPic中开放的方法用于修改pic
            pic_main.set_title(t);

            pic_main.set_pic( pid[position%12]);

        }
    });
    Log.i(TAG,"OK! Title is Create!");
    return view;
}

private void initData() {
    title_list = new ArrayList<>();
    for (int i=0;i<30;i++){
       title_list.add("图片一："+i);
    }
}

class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return title_list.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

        TextView textView =null;
        if (convertView==null){
            textView=new TextView(parent.getContext());
        }else {
            textView= (TextView) convertView;
        }
        textView.setText(title_list.get(position));
        textView.setTextSize(20);//text空间大小

        textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.MAGENTA);
        return textView;
    }
 }
}

右边详细Fragment

public class FragmenPic extends Fragment {

private TextView pic_title;
private ImageView pic;

@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {

    //获取两个子控件
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragmen_pic,container);
    pic_title = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.pic_title);
    pic = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.pic);

    return view;
}

//提供两个开放方法用于左边fragmen控件点击调用
//修改文字标题
public void set_title(String t){
    pic_title.setText(t);
}
//修改图片信息
public void set_pic(int pid ){
    pic.setImageResource(pid);
}
}

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• 布局文件

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.works.day12_fragment.MainActivity"
>

   <fragment
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="match_parent"
   android:name="com.works.day12_fragment.FragmenTitle"
   android:id="@+id/title_main"
   android:layout_weight="3"
  ></fragment>

    <fragment
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:name="com.works.day12_fragment.FragmenPic"
    android:id="@+id/pic_main"
android:layout_weight="1.5"
   ></fragment>
</LinearLayout>

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fragmen_pic.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          android:orientation="vertical"
          android:layout_width="match_parent"
          android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/pic_title"
    android:text="图片一"
    android:textSize="30sp"
    android:gravity="center"/>
<ImageView
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:src="@drawable/c1"
    android:id="@+id/pic"
    />

</LinearLayout>

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fragmen_title.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          android:orientation="vertical"
          android:layout_width="match_parent"
          android:layout_height="match_parent">

<ListView
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/titel"
    ></ListView>
</LinearLayout>