Java数据库之Oracle

Oracle数据库是常用的企业级关系数据库。除去它自带的访问工具，一般还可以使用navicat、plsql访问。

Oracle数据库一般有3种用户：普通用户scott、系统用户system、最高用户sys。下面是在sqlplus中常用的命令：

解锁用户：alter user scott account unlock;

修改密码：alter user scott account identified by tiger;

添加用户：create user taft identified by taft123;

添加权限：grant create session to taft;

回收权限：revoke create session from taft;

删除用户：drop user taft;

创建表：create table student( sid int, sname varchar2(10), sage int, sbirth date, sweight number(10,2) );

添加约束：

    主键 alter table student add constraint pk primary key(sid);

    check约束 alter table student add constraint ck check(sage>0 and sage<150);

    默认值 alter table student modify sgender char(10) default '男';

    唯一 alter table student modify sname varchar2(100) unique;

    非空 alter table student modify sbirth date not null;

    外键 alter table student add constraint fk foreign key(cid) reference class(cid);

增删改查：

  insert into student(sid,sname) values (1,'张三');

  delete from student;

  update student set sage=24 where sname='张三';

  select * from student;

  group by 分组查询

  order by [desc|asc] 给查询结果排序

  alter table student add column cid int;添加一列

创建表空间：create tablespace taft_tbs datafile 'D:/taft.dbf' size 100M autoextend on next 10M logging;

  create user taft identified by taft123 default tablespace taft_tbs quota 10M on taft_tbs account unlock password expire;

  grant resource to taft;

删除表空间：drop tablespace taft_tbs casecade;

创建序列：create sequence mysq increment by 1 start with 1 nomaxval nocycle cache 10;

  使用时用mysq.netxtval

创建触发器：

create trigger mytr

  before insert on student for each row

BEGIN

  select mysq.nextval inot:New.sid from student from dual;

END;

事务：原子性操作，一次做完，否则回滚至未执行状态